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Documents authored by Finzi, Anaïs

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2026.20
Multi-Core Integration of Sporadic Events in Time-Triggered Systems

Authors: Anaïs Finzi and Silviu S. Craciunas

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 375, 38th European Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2026)

Abstract
Modern safety-critical systems often feature multi-core multi-SoC platforms and execute both periodic and sporadic workloads with real-time requirements. Periodic tasks benefit from a time-triggered (TT) approach, while sporadic events are best modeled by event-triggered (ET) tasks and scheduled using classical online mechanisms such as fixed-priority. Integrating TT and ET tasks in a multi-core environment has mainly been studied in fully partitioned solutions. However, for certain workloads, it may be beneficial to have a global scheduling approach for ET tasks. In this paper, we extend the current state-of-the-art in Response-Time Analysis (RTA) and Real-Time Calculus (RTC) to analyze the schedulability of sporadic ET tasks in a homogeneous multi-core TT system. We generalize previous promising results integrating TT and ET tasks using affine envelopes to homogeneous multi-core systems. While our method can be applied to any TT schedule generation mechanism, we also present a concrete schedule synthesis method based on a variant of the Least-Laxity First scheduling approach. We demonstrate the performance of our approach, in terms of both schedulability and runtime, through real-world and synthetic experiments inspired by real workloads. We note that our affine-envelope-based interference bound and the generalized burst limiting constraint (BLC) are also independent of the concrete TT synthesis algorithm and of the underlying timing analysis method (RTA or RTC). This modularity allows the framework to be combined with alternative schedulability analyses or TT schedule generation techniques, while preserving the demonstrated gains in schedulability and scalability for mixed TT and ET workloads on homogeneous multi-core platforms.
Cite as

Anaïs Finzi and Silviu S. Craciunas. Multi-Core Integration of Sporadic Events in Time-Triggered Systems. In 38th European Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2026). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 375, pp. 20:1-20:23, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2026)

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@InProceedings{finzi_et_al:LIPIcs.ECRTS.2026.20,
  author =	{Finzi, Ana\"{i}s and Craciunas, Silviu S.},
  title =	{{Multi-Core Integration of Sporadic Events in Time-Triggered Systems}},
  booktitle =	{38th European Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2026)},
  pages =	{20:1--20:23},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-429-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2026},
  volume =	{375},
  editor =	{Kritikakou, Angeliki},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2026.20},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-266126},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2026.20},
  annote =	{Keywords: time-triggered (TT), event-triggered (ET), scheduling, real-time, real-time calculus, response-time analysis}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2022.8
General Framework for Routing, Scheduling and Formal Timing Analysis in Deterministic Time-Aware Networks

Authors: Anaïs Finzi and Ramon Serna Oliver

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 231, 34th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2022)

Abstract
In deterministic time-aware networks, such as TTEthernet (TTE) and Time Sensitive Networking (TSN), time-triggered (TT) communication are often routed and scheduled without taking into account other critical traffic such as Rate-Constrained (RC) traffic. Consequently, the impact of a static transmission schedule for TT traffic can prevent RC traffic from fulfilling their timing constraints. In this paper, we present a general framework for routing, scheduling and formal timing analysis (FTA) in deterministic time-aware networks (e.g. TSN, TTE). The general framework drives an iterative execution of different modules (i.e. routing, scheduling and FTA) searching for a solution that fulfills an arbitrary number of defined constraints (e.g. maximum end-to-end RC and TT latency) and optimization goals (e.g. minimize reception jitter). The result is an iteratively improved solution including the routing configuration for TT and RC flows, the static TT schedule, a formal analysis for the RC traffic, as well as any additional outputs satisfying user constraints (e.g. maximum RC jitter). We then do a performance evaluation of the general framework, with a proposed implementation of the necessary modules for TTEthernet networks with mixed time-triggered and rate-constrained traffic. The evaluation of our studied realistic use case shows that, using the general framework, the end-to-end latency for RC traffic can be reduced up to 28.3%, and the number of flows not fulfilling their deadlines divided by up to 3 compared to existing methods.
Cite as

Anaïs Finzi and Ramon Serna Oliver. General Framework for Routing, Scheduling and Formal Timing Analysis in Deterministic Time-Aware Networks. In 34th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 231, pp. 8:1-8:23, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)

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@InProceedings{finzi_et_al:LIPIcs.ECRTS.2022.8,
  author =	{Finzi, Ana\"{i}s and Serna Oliver, Ramon},
  title =	{{General Framework for Routing, Scheduling and Formal Timing Analysis in Deterministic Time-Aware Networks}},
  booktitle =	{34th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2022)},
  pages =	{8:1--8:23},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-239-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{231},
  editor =	{Maggio, Martina},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2022.8},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-163254},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2022.8},
  annote =	{Keywords: TSN, TTEthernet, AFDX, AVB, Modeling, Routing, Scheduling, Formal timing analysis, Worst-case analysis, Performance evaluation}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2020.17
Impact of AS6802 Synchronization Protocol on Time-Triggered and Rate-Constrained Traffic

Authors: Anaïs Finzi and Luxi Zhao

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 165, 32nd Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2020)

Abstract
TTEthernet is an Ethernet-based synchronized network technology compliant with the AFDX standard. It supports safety-critical applications by defining different traffic classes: Time-Triggered (TT), Rate-Constrained (RC), and Best-Effort traffic. The synchronization is managed through the AS6802 protocol, which defines so-called Protocol Control Frames (PCFs) to synchronize the local clock of each device. In this paper, we analyze the synchronization protocol to assess the impact of the PCFs on TT and RC traffic. We propose a method to decrease the impact of PCFs on TT and a new Network Calculus model to compute RC delay bounds with the influence of both PCF and TT traffic. We finish with a performance evaluation to i) assess the impact of PCFs, ii) show the benefits of our method in terms of reducing the impact of PCFs on TT traffic and iii) prove the necessity of taking the PCF traffic into account to compute correct RC worst-case delays and provide a safe system.
Cite as

Anaïs Finzi and Luxi Zhao. Impact of AS6802 Synchronization Protocol on Time-Triggered and Rate-Constrained Traffic. In 32nd Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2020). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 165, pp. 17:1-17:22, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)

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@InProceedings{finzi_et_al:LIPIcs.ECRTS.2020.17,
  author =	{Finzi, Ana\"{i}s and Zhao, Luxi},
  title =	{{Impact of AS6802 Synchronization Protocol on Time-Triggered and Rate-Constrained Traffic}},
  booktitle =	{32nd Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2020)},
  pages =	{17:1--17:22},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-152-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2020},
  volume =	{165},
  editor =	{V\"{o}lp, Marcus},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2020.17},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-123808},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2020.17},
  annote =	{Keywords: AS6802, TTE, Modeling, Performance analysis}
}
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