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Documents authored by Garg, Shashwat

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2018.59
Quasi-PTAS for Scheduling with Precedences using LP Hierarchies

Authors: Shashwat Garg

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 107, 45th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2018)

Abstract
A central problem in scheduling is to schedule n unit size jobs with precedence constraints on m identical machines so as to minimize the makespan. For m=3, it is not even known if the problem is NP-hard and this is one of the last open problems from the book of Garey and Johnson. We show that for fixed m and epsilon, {polylog}(n) rounds of Sherali-Adams hierarchy applied to a natural LP of the problem provides a (1+epsilon)-approximation algorithm running in quasi-polynomial time. This improves over the recent result of Levey and Rothvoss, who used r=(log n)^{O(log log n)} rounds of Sherali-Adams in order to get a (1+epsilon)-approximation algorithm with a running time of n^O(r).
Cite as

Shashwat Garg. Quasi-PTAS for Scheduling with Precedences using LP Hierarchies. In 45th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 107, pp. 59:1-59:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)

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@InProceedings{garg:LIPIcs.ICALP.2018.59,
  author =	{Garg, Shashwat},
  title =	{{Quasi-PTAS for Scheduling with Precedences using LP Hierarchies}},
  booktitle =	{45th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2018)},
  pages =	{59:1--59:13},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-076-7},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{107},
  editor =	{Chatzigiannakis, Ioannis and Kaklamanis, Christos and Marx, D\'{a}niel and Sannella, Donald},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2018.59},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-90638},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2018.59},
  annote =	{Keywords: Approximation algorithms, hierarchies, scheduling, rounding techniques}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.APPROX-RANDOM.2016.28
Towards a Constructive Version of Banaszczyk's Vector Balancing Theorem

Authors: Daniel Dadush, Shashwat Garg, Shachar Lovett, and Aleksandar Nikolov

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 60, Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques (APPROX/RANDOM 2016)

Abstract
An important theorem of Banaszczyk (Random Structures & Algorithms 1998) states that for any sequence of vectors of l_2 norm at most 1/5 and any convex body K of Gaussian measure 1/2 in R^n, there exists a signed combination of these vectors which lands inside K. A major open problem is to devise a constructive version of Banaszczyk's vector balancing theorem, i.e. to find an efficient algorithm which constructs the signed combination. We make progress towards this goal along several fronts. As our first contribution, we show an equivalence between Banaszczyk's theorem and the existence of O(1)-subgaussian distributions over signed combinations. For the case of symmetric convex bodies, our equivalence implies the existence of a universal signing algorithm (i.e. independent of the body), which simply samples from the subgaussian sign distribution and checks to see if the associated combination lands inside the body. For asymmetric convex bodies, we provide a novel recentering procedure, which allows us to reduce to the case where the body is symmetric. As our second main contribution, we show that the above framework can be efficiently implemented when the vectors have length O(1/sqrt{log n}), recovering Banaszczyk's results under this stronger assumption. More precisely, we use random walk techniques to produce the required O(1)-subgaussian signing distributions when the vectors have length O(1/sqrt{log n}), and use a stochastic gradient ascent method to implement the recentering procedure for asymmetric bodies.
Cite as

Daniel Dadush, Shashwat Garg, Shachar Lovett, and Aleksandar Nikolov. Towards a Constructive Version of Banaszczyk's Vector Balancing Theorem. In Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques (APPROX/RANDOM 2016). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 60, pp. 28:1-28:12, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2016)

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@InProceedings{dadush_et_al:LIPIcs.APPROX-RANDOM.2016.28,
  author =	{Dadush, Daniel and Garg, Shashwat and Lovett, Shachar and Nikolov, Aleksandar},
  title =	{{Towards a Constructive Version of Banaszczyk's Vector Balancing Theorem}},
  booktitle =	{Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques (APPROX/RANDOM 2016)},
  pages =	{28:1--28:12},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-018-7},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2016},
  volume =	{60},
  editor =	{Jansen, Klaus and Mathieu, Claire and Rolim, Jos\'{e} D. P. and Umans, Chris},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.APPROX-RANDOM.2016.28},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-66512},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.APPROX-RANDOM.2016.28},
  annote =	{Keywords: Discrepancy, Vector Balancing, Convex Geometry}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2015.184
Improved Local Search for Geometric Hitting Set

Authors: Norbert Bus, Shashwat Garg, Nabil H. Mustafa, and Saurabh Ray

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 30, 32nd International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2015)

Abstract
Over the past several decades there has been steady progress towards the goal of polynomial-time approximation schemes (PTAS) for fundamental geometric combinatorial optimization problems. A foremost example is the geometric hitting set problem: given a set P of points and a set D of geometric objects, compute the minimum-sized subset of P that hits all objects in D. For the case where D is a set of disks in the plane, a PTAS was finally achieved in 2010, with a surprisingly simple algorithm based on local-search. Since then, local-search has turned out to be a powerful algorithmic approach towards achieving good approximation ratios for geometric problems (for geometric independent-set problem, for dominating sets, for the terrain guarding problem and several others). Unfortunately all these algorithms have the same limitation: local search is able to give a PTAS, but with large running times. That leaves open the question of whether a better understanding - both combinatorial and algorithmic - of local search and the problem can give a better approximation ratio in a more reasonable time. In this paper, we investigate this question for hitting sets for disks in the plane. We present tight approximation bounds for (3,2)-local search and give an (8+\epsilon)-approximation algorithm with expected running time ˜O(n^{2.34}); the previous-best result achieving a similar approximation ratio gave a 10-approximation in time O(n^{15}) -- that too just for unit disks. The techniques and ideas generalize to (4,3) local search. Furthermore, as mentioned earlier, local-search has been used for several other geometric optimization problems; for all these problems our results show that (3,2) local search gives an 8-approximation and no better \footnote{This is assuming the use of the standard framework. Improvement of the approximation factor by using additional properties specific to the problem may be possible.}. Similarly (4,3)-local search gives a 5-approximation for all these problems.
Cite as

Norbert Bus, Shashwat Garg, Nabil H. Mustafa, and Saurabh Ray. Improved Local Search for Geometric Hitting Set. In 32nd International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2015). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 30, pp. 184-196, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2015)

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@InProceedings{bus_et_al:LIPIcs.STACS.2015.184,
  author =	{Bus, Norbert and Garg, Shashwat and Mustafa, Nabil H. and Ray, Saurabh},
  title =	{{Improved Local Search for Geometric Hitting Set}},
  booktitle =	{32nd International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2015)},
  pages =	{184--196},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-78-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2015},
  volume =	{30},
  editor =	{Mayr, Ernst W. and Ollinger, Nicolas},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2015.184},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-49135},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2015.184},
  annote =	{Keywords: hitting sets, Delaunay triangulation, local search, disks, geometric algorithms}
}
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