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Documents authored by Gervás, Pablo

Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagRep.9.4.87
Computational Creativity Meets Digital Literary Studies (Dagstuhl Seminar 19172)

Authors: Tarek Richard Besold, Pablo Gervás, Evelyn Gius, and Sarah Schulz

Published in: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 9, Issue 4 (2019)

Abstract
This report documents the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 19172 "Computational Creativity Meets Digital Literary Studies", held from April 22 to April 25, 2019. Computational Creativity and Digital Humanities are emerging, interdisciplinary fields still experiencing significant growth and development in terms of community, research questions, methods, and approaches. Computational Storytelling as a prominent subfield within Computational Creativity that has mostly focused on planning stories - thus simulating a logically coherent plot - could fruitfully extend its horizon to narrative concepts like narrative style, chronology of narratives, focalization and perspective. These narratological concepts have been investigated by literary scholars for a long time. Yet, operationalization of these concepts is required when used as the basis for computational modelling. This in turn sharpens the definitions of theoretical considerations and can feed back into theoretical discussions in the literary studies. Moreover, there are obvious connection points between Computational Creativity and Natural Language Processing on the one hand, and between Natural Language Processing and Digital Literary Studies on the other hand. However, these connections currently are not transitive. The goal of the seminar was to establish international links between all three disciplines and among involved researchers through presentations by participants and extensive group-work sessions.
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Tarek Richard Besold, Pablo Gervás, Evelyn Gius, and Sarah Schulz. Computational Creativity Meets Digital Literary Studies (Dagstuhl Seminar 19172). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 9, Issue 4, pp. 87-106, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@Article{besold_et_al:DagRep.9.4.87,
  author =	{Besold, Tarek Richard and Gerv\'{a}s, Pablo and Gius, Evelyn and Schulz, Sarah},
  title =	{{Computational Creativity Meets Digital Literary Studies (Dagstuhl Seminar 19172)}},
  pages =	{87--106},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Reports},
  ISSN =	{2192-5283},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{9},
  number =	{4},
  editor =	{Besold, Tarek Richard and Gerv\'{a}s, Pablo and Gius, Evelyn and Schulz, Sarah},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.9.4.87},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-113054},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagRep.9.4.87},
  annote =	{Keywords: computational creativity, computational narrativity, digital humanities, digital literary studies, storytellin}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2016.11
Annotating Musical Theatre Plots on Narrative Structure and Emotional Content

Authors: Pablo Gervás, Raquel Hervás, Carlos León, and Catherine V. Gale

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 53, 7th Workshop on Computational Models of Narrative (CMN 2016)

Abstract
Although theoretical models of the structure of narrative arising from systematic analysis of corpora are available for domains such as Russian folk tales, there are no such sources for the plot lines of musical theatre. The present paper reports an effort of knowledge elicitation for features that characterise the narrative structure of plot in the particular domain of musical theatre. The following aspects are covered: identification of a valid vocabulary of abstract units to use in annotating musical theatre plots, development of a procedure for annotation - including a spread-sheet format for annotators to use, and a corresponding set of instructions to guide them through the process - selection of a corpus of musical theatre pieces that would constitute the corpus to be annotated, the annotation process itself and the results of post-processing the annotated corpus in search for insights on the narrative structure of musical theatre plots.
Cite as

Pablo Gervás, Raquel Hervás, Carlos León, and Catherine V. Gale. Annotating Musical Theatre Plots on Narrative Structure and Emotional Content. In 7th Workshop on Computational Models of Narrative (CMN 2016). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 53, pp. 11:1-11:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2016)

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@InProceedings{gervas_et_al:OASIcs.CMN.2016.11,
  author =	{Gerv\'{a}s, Pablo and Herv\'{a}s, Raquel and Le\'{o}n, Carlos and Gale, Catherine V.},
  title =	{{Annotating Musical Theatre Plots on Narrative Structure and Emotional Content}},
  booktitle =	{7th Workshop on Computational Models of Narrative (CMN 2016)},
  pages =	{11:1--11:16},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-020-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2016},
  volume =	{53},
  editor =	{Miller, Ben and Lieto, Antonio and Ronfard, R\'{e}mi and Ware, Stephen G. and Finlayson, Mark A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2016.11},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-67122},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2016.11},
  annote =	{Keywords: Narrative annotation, conceptual representation of narrative, character functions, narrative schemas, musical theatre}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2015.54
Schemas for Narrative Generation Mined from Existing Descriptions of Plot

Authors: Pablo Gervás, Carlos León, and Gonzalo Méndez

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 45, 6th Workshop on Computational Models of Narrative (CMN 2015)

Abstract
Computational generation of literary artifacts very often resorts to template-like schemas that can be instantiated into complex structures. With this view in mind, the present paper reviews a number of existing attempts to provide an elementary set of patterns for basic plots. An attempt is made to formulate these descriptions of possible plots in terms of character functions, an abstraction of plot-bearing elements of a story originally formulated by Vladimir Propp. These character functions act as the building blocks of the Propper system, an existing framework for computational story generation. The paper explores the set of extensions required to the original set of character functions to allow for a basic representation of the analysed schemata, and a solution for automatic generation of stories based on this formulation of the narrative schemas. This solution uncovers important insights on the relative expressive power of the representation of narrative in terms of character functions, and their impact on the generative potential of the framework is discussed.
Cite as

Pablo Gervás, Carlos León, and Gonzalo Méndez. Schemas for Narrative Generation Mined from Existing Descriptions of Plot. In 6th Workshop on Computational Models of Narrative (CMN 2015). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 45, pp. 54-71, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2015)

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@InProceedings{gervas_et_al:OASIcs.CMN.2015.54,
  author =	{Gerv\'{a}s, Pablo and Le\'{o}n, Carlos and M\'{e}ndez, Gonzalo},
  title =	{{Schemas for Narrative Generation Mined from Existing Descriptions of Plot}},
  booktitle =	{6th Workshop on Computational Models of Narrative (CMN 2015)},
  pages =	{54--71},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-93-4},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2015},
  volume =	{45},
  editor =	{Finlayson, Mark A. and Miller, Ben and Lieto, Antonio and Ronfard, Remi},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2015.54},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-52812},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2015.54},
  annote =	{Keywords: Narrative generation, conceptual representation of narrative, character functions, plot, narrative schemas}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2014.61
The Need for Multi-Aspectual Representation of Narratives in Modelling their Creative Process

Authors: Pablo Gervás and Carlos León

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 41, 2014 Workshop on Computational Models of Narrative

Abstract
Existing approaches to narrative construction tend to apply basic engineering principles of system design which rely on identifying the most relevant feature of the domain for the problem at hand, and postulating an initial representation of the problem space organised around such a principal feature. Some features that have been favoured in the past include: causality, linear discourse, underlying structure, and character behavior. The present paper defends the need for simultaneous consideration of as many as possible of these aspects when attempting to model the process of creating narratives, together with some mechanism for distributing the weight of the decision processes across them. Humans faced with narrative construction may shift from views based on characters to views based on structure, then consider causality, and later also take into account the shape of discourse. This behavior can be related to the process of representational re-description of constraints as described in existing literature on cognitive models of the writing task. The paper discusses how existing computational models of narrative construction address this phenomenon, and argues for a computational model of narrative explicitly based on multiple aspects.
Cite as

Pablo Gervás and Carlos León. The Need for Multi-Aspectual Representation of Narratives in Modelling their Creative Process. In 2014 Workshop on Computational Models of Narrative. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 41, pp. 61-76, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2014)

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@InProceedings{gervas_et_al:OASIcs.CMN.2014.61,
  author =	{Gerv\'{a}s, Pablo and Le\'{o}n, Carlos},
  title =	{{The Need for Multi-Aspectual Representation of Narratives in Modelling their Creative Process}},
  booktitle =	{2014 Workshop on Computational Models of Narrative},
  pages =	{61--76},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-71-2},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2014},
  volume =	{41},
  editor =	{Finlayson, Mark A. and Meister, Jan Christoph and Bruneau, Emile G.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2014.61},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-46459},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2014.61},
  annote =	{Keywords: narrative construction, creative process, conceptual representation of narrative}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2013.106
Propp's Morphology of the Folk Tale as a Grammar for Generation

Authors: Pablo Gervás

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 32, 2013 Workshop on Computational Models of Narrative

Abstract
The semi-formal analysis of Russian folk tales carried out by Vladimir Propp has often been used as theoretical background for the automated generation of stories. Its rigour and its exhaustive description of the constituent elements of Russian folk tales, and the enumeration of the patterns they follow, have acted as inspiration for several story generation systems, both sequential and interactive. Yet most of these efforts have attempted to generalize Propp’s account to types of stories beyond the corpus that it arose from. In the process, a number of the valuable intuitions present in the original work are lost. The present paper revisits Propp’s morphology to build a system that generates instances of Russian folk tales. Propp’s view of the folk tale as a rigid sequence of character functions is employed as a plot driver. Unification is used to incrementally build a conceptual representation of discourse by adding to an ongoing draft story actions that instantiate the character functions. Story actions are defined by pre and post conditions on the state of the plot to account for the causal relations crucial to narrative. The potential of the resulting system for providing a generic story generation system is discussed and possible lines of future work are discussed.
Cite as

Pablo Gervás. Propp's Morphology of the Folk Tale as a Grammar for Generation. In 2013 Workshop on Computational Models of Narrative. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 32, pp. 106-122, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2013)

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@InProceedings{gervas:OASIcs.CMN.2013.106,
  author =	{Gerv\'{a}s, Pablo},
  title =	{{Propp's Morphology of the Folk Tale as a Grammar for Generation}},
  booktitle =	{2013 Workshop on Computational Models of Narrative},
  pages =	{106--122},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-57-6},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2013},
  volume =	{32},
  editor =	{Finlayson, Mark A. and Fisseni, Bernhard and L\"{o}we, Benedikt and Meister, Jan Christoph},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2013.106},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-41567},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2013.106},
  annote =	{Keywords: narrative generation, story grammar, unification}
}
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