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DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2019.15

Formalizing the Solution to the Cap Set Problem

Authors: Sander R. Dahmen, Johannes Hölzl, and Robert Y. Lewis

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 141, 10th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2019)

Abstract

In 2016, Ellenberg and Gijswijt established a new upper bound on the size of subsets of F^n_q with no three-term arithmetic progression. This problem has received much mathematical attention, particularly in the case q = 3, where it is commonly known as the cap set problem. Ellenberg and Gijswijt’s proof was published in the Annals of Mathematics and is noteworthy for its clever use of elementary methods. This paper describes a formalization of this proof in the Lean proof assistant, including both the general result in F^n_q and concrete values for the case q = 3. We faithfully follow the pen and paper argument to construct the bound. Our work shows that (some) modern mathematics is within the range of proof assistants.

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Sander R. Dahmen, Johannes Hölzl, and Robert Y. Lewis. Formalizing the Solution to the Cap Set Problem. In 10th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 141, pp. 15:1-15:19, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@InProceedings{dahmen_et_al:LIPIcs.ITP.2019.15,
  author =	{Dahmen, Sander R. and H\"{o}lzl, Johannes and Lewis, Robert Y.},
  title =	{{Formalizing the Solution to the Cap Set Problem}},
  booktitle =	{10th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2019)},
  pages =	{15:1--15:19},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-122-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{141},
  editor =	{Harrison, John and O'Leary, John and Tolmach, Andrew},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2019.15},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-110703},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2019.15},
  annote =	{Keywords: formal proof, combinatorics, cap set problem, Lean}
}

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Formalizing the Solution to the Cap Set Problem

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