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DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2019.19

Arbitration-Induced Preemption Delays

Authors: Farouk Hebbache, Florian Brandner, Mathieu Jan, and Laurent Pautet

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 133, 31st Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2019)

Abstract

The interactions among concurrent tasks pose a challenge in the design of real-time multi-core systems, where blocking delays that tasks may experience while accessing shared memory have to be taken into consideration. Various memory arbitration schemes have been devised that address these issues, by providing trade-offs between predictability, average-case performance, and analyzability. Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM) is a well-known arbitration scheme due to its simplicity and analyzability. However, it suffers from low resource utilization due to its non-work-conserving nature. We proposed in our recent work dynamic schemes based on TDM, showing work-conserving behavior in practice, while retaining the guarantees of TDM. These approaches have only been evaluated in a restricted setting. Their applicability in a preemptive setting appears problematic, since they may induce long memory blocking times depending on execution history. These blocking delays may induce significant jitter and consequently increase the tasks' response times. This work explores means to manage and, finally, bound these blocking delays. Three different schemes are explored and compared with regard to their analyzability, impact on response-time analysis, implementation complexity, and runtime behavior. Experiments show that the various approaches behave virtually identically at runtime. This allows to retain the approach combining low implementation complexity with analyzability.

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Farouk Hebbache, Florian Brandner, Mathieu Jan, and Laurent Pautet. Arbitration-Induced Preemption Delays. In 31st Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 133, pp. 19:1-19:22, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@InProceedings{hebbache_et_al:LIPIcs.ECRTS.2019.19,
  author =	{Hebbache, Farouk and Brandner, Florian and Jan, Mathieu and Pautet, Laurent},
  title =	{{Arbitration-Induced Preemption Delays}},
  booktitle =	{31st Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2019)},
  pages =	{19:1--19:22},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-110-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{133},
  editor =	{Quinton, Sophie},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2019.19},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-107564},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2019.19},
  annote =	{Keywords: Dynamic Time-Division Multiplexing, Predictable Computing, Multi-Criticality, Preemption}
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2018.2

Formal Executable Models for Automatic Detection of Timing Anomalies

Authors: Mihail Asavoae, Belgacem Ben Hedia, and Mathieu Jan

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 63, 18th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis (WCET 2018)

Abstract

A timing anomaly is a counterintuitive timing behavior in the sense that a local fast execution slows down an overall global execution. The presence of such behaviors is inconvenient for the WCET analysis which requires, via abstractions, a certain monotony property to compute safe bounds. In this paper we explore how to systematically execute a previously proposed formal definition of timing anomalies. We ground our work on formal designs of architecture models upon which we employ guided model checking techniques. Our goal is towards the automatic detection of timing anomalies in given computer architecture designs.

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Mihail Asavoae, Belgacem Ben Hedia, and Mathieu Jan. Formal Executable Models for Automatic Detection of Timing Anomalies. In 18th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis (WCET 2018). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 63, pp. 2:1-2:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)

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@InProceedings{asavoae_et_al:OASIcs.WCET.2018.2,
  author =	{Asavoae, Mihail and Ben Hedia, Belgacem and Jan, Mathieu},
  title =	{{Formal Executable Models for Automatic Detection of Timing Anomalies}},
  booktitle =	{18th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis (WCET 2018)},
  pages =	{2:1--2:13},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-073-6},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{63},
  editor =	{Brandner, Florian},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2018.2},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-97481},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2018.2},
  annote =	{Keywords: timing anomalies, predictability, formal methods, model checking}
}

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Arbitration-Induced Preemption Delays

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Formal Executable Models for Automatic Detection of Timing Anomalies

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