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DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2025.6

A Natural Language Formalization of Perfectoid Rings in ℕaproche

Authors: Peter Koepke

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 352, 16th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2025)

Abstract

This paper describes an experiment to formalize sophisticated mathematics in the ℕaproche proof assistant which uses natural language input and a first-order internal logic. We view this as a contribution to the ongoing discussion whether formal systems for research mathematics require complex, computer-orientated type systems or whether approaches closer to traditional mathematical practices are possible. The formalization also explores the limits of the current ℕaproche system and avenues for further development.

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Peter Koepke. A Natural Language Formalization of Perfectoid Rings in ℕaproche. In 16th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 352, pp. 6:1-6:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{koepke:LIPIcs.ITP.2025.6,
  author =	{Koepke, Peter},
  title =	{{A Natural Language Formalization of Perfectoid Rings in \mathbb{N}aproche}},
  booktitle =	{16th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2025)},
  pages =	{6:1--6:15},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-396-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{352},
  editor =	{Forster, Yannick and Keller, Chantal},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2025.6},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-246054},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2025.6},
  annote =	{Keywords: formal mathematics, formalization, perfectoid rings, controlled natural language, Naproche}
}

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DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2021.16

A Natural Formalization of the Mutilated Checkerboard Problem in Naproche

Authors: Adrian De Lon, Peter Koepke, and Anton Lorenzen

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 193, 12th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2021)

Abstract

Naproche is an emerging natural proof assistant that accepts input in a controlled natural language for mathematics, which we have integrated with LaTeX for ease of learning and to quickly produce high-quality typeset documents. We present a self-contained formalization of the Mutilated Checkerboard Problem in Naproche, following a proof sketch by John McCarthy. The formalization is embedded in detailed literate style comments. We also briefly describe the Naproche approach.

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Adrian De Lon, Peter Koepke, and Anton Lorenzen. A Natural Formalization of the Mutilated Checkerboard Problem in Naproche. In 12th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 193, pp. 16:1-16:11, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)

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@InProceedings{delon_et_al:LIPIcs.ITP.2021.16,
  author =	{De Lon, Adrian and Koepke, Peter and Lorenzen, Anton},
  title =	{{A Natural Formalization of the Mutilated Checkerboard Problem in Naproche}},
  booktitle =	{12th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2021)},
  pages =	{16:1--16:11},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-188-7},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{193},
  editor =	{Cohen, Liron and Kaliszyk, Cezary},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2021.16},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-139112},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2021.16},
  annote =	{Keywords: checkerboard, formalization, formal mathematics, controlled language}
}

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Documents authored by Koepke, Peter

A Natural Language Formalization of Perfectoid Rings in ℕaproche

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A Natural Formalization of the Mutilated Checkerboard Problem in Naproche

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