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Documents authored by Lin, Enru

Document
Short Paper
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.15
The Effect of Abstract vs. Realistic 3D Visualization on Landmark and Route Knowledge Acquisition (Short Paper)

Authors: Armand Kapaj, Enru Lin, and Sara Lanini-Maggi

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 240, 15th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2022)

Abstract
Even though humans perform it daily, navigation is a cognitively challenging process. Landmarks have been shown to facilitate navigation by scaffolding humans’ mental representation of space. However, how landmarks can be effectively communicated to pedestrians to support spatial learning of the traversed environment remains an open question. Therefore, we assessed how the visualization of landmarks on a mobile map (i.e., abstract 3D vs. realistic 3D symbols) influences participants’ spatial learning, visual attention allocation, and cognitive load during an outdoor map-assisted navigation task. We report initial results on how exposing pedestrians to different landmark visualization styles on mobile maps while navigating along a given route in an urban environment can have differing effects on how they remember landmarks and routes. Specifically, we find that navigators better remember landmarks visualized as 3D realistic-looking symbols compared to 3D abstract landmark symbols on the mobile map. The pattern of results shows that displaying realistic 3D landmark symbols at intersections potentially helps participants to remember route directions better than with landmarks depicted as abstract 3D symbols. The presented methodological approach contributes ecologically valid insights to further understand how the design of landmarks on mobile maps could support wayfinders' spatial learning during map-assisted navigation.
Cite as

Armand Kapaj, Enru Lin, and Sara Lanini-Maggi. The Effect of Abstract vs. Realistic 3D Visualization on Landmark and Route Knowledge Acquisition (Short Paper). In 15th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 240, pp. 15:1-15:8, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)

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@InProceedings{kapaj_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.15,
  author =	{Kapaj, Armand and Lin, Enru and Lanini-Maggi, Sara},
  title =	{{The Effect of Abstract vs. Realistic 3D Visualization on Landmark and Route Knowledge Acquisition}},
  booktitle =	{15th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2022)},
  pages =	{15:1--15:8},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-257-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{240},
  editor =	{Ishikawa, Toru and Fabrikant, Sara Irina and Winter, Stephan},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.15},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-169000},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.15},
  annote =	{Keywords: Abstraction, realism, 3D, landmark visualization, mobile map design, cartography, real-world navigation, spatial learning}
}
Document
Short Paper
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.28
Eye Blink-Related Brain Potentials During Landmark-Based Navigation in Virtual Reality (Short Paper)

Authors: Bingjie Cheng, Enru Lin, Klaus Gramann, and Anna Wunderlich

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 240, 15th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2022)

Abstract
Landmarks support navigation and spatial learning of environments by serving as cognitive anchors. However, little research has been done to investigate how the design of landmarks on mobile maps affects cognitive processing. To address this gap, the present study utilized a within-subjects design to experimentally examine how three different landmark densities (3 vs. 5 vs. 7 landmarks) on mobile maps influence users' spatial learning and cognitive load during navigation. Cognitive load was measured using electroencephalography (EEG). We applied an event-related analysis approach by utilizing eye blinks as naturalistic event markers to segment the EEG data. Results demonstrate that showing five landmarks along a given route to follow on a mobile map, compared to three and seven landmarks, improved spatial learning performance without taxing more cognitive resources. Our study shows that users' cognitive load and spatial learning outcomes should be considered when designing landmark-based navigation assistance systems.
Cite as

Bingjie Cheng, Enru Lin, Klaus Gramann, and Anna Wunderlich. Eye Blink-Related Brain Potentials During Landmark-Based Navigation in Virtual Reality (Short Paper). In 15th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 240, pp. 28:1-28:8, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)

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@InProceedings{cheng_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.28,
  author =	{Cheng, Bingjie and Lin, Enru and Gramann, Klaus and Wunderlich, Anna},
  title =	{{Eye Blink-Related Brain Potentials During Landmark-Based Navigation in Virtual Reality}},
  booktitle =	{15th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2022)},
  pages =	{28:1--28:8},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-257-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{240},
  editor =	{Ishikawa, Toru and Fabrikant, Sara Irina and Winter, Stephan},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.28},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-169130},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.28},
  annote =	{Keywords: spatial navigation, landmark, blink-related potentials, spatial learning, cognitive load, mobile map}
}
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