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Documents authored by Muskalla, Sebastian

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2018.12
Bounded Context Switching for Valence Systems

Authors: Roland Meyer, Sebastian Muskalla, and Georg Zetzsche

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 118, 29th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2018)

Abstract
We study valence systems, finite-control programs over infinite-state memories modeled in terms of graph monoids. Our contribution is a notion of bounded context switching (BCS). Valence systems generalize pushdowns, concurrent pushdowns, and Petri nets. In these settings, our definition conservatively generalizes existing notions. The main finding is that reachability within a bounded number of context switches is in NPTIME, independent of the memory (the graph monoid). Our proof is genuinely algebraic, and therefore contributes a new way to think about BCS. In addition, we exhibit a class of storage mechanisms for which BCS reachability belongs to PTIME.
Cite as

Roland Meyer, Sebastian Muskalla, and Georg Zetzsche. Bounded Context Switching for Valence Systems. In 29th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 118, pp. 12:1-12:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)

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@InProceedings{meyer_et_al:LIPIcs.CONCUR.2018.12,
  author =	{Meyer, Roland and Muskalla, Sebastian and Zetzsche, Georg},
  title =	{{Bounded Context Switching for Valence Systems}},
  booktitle =	{29th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2018)},
  pages =	{12:1--12:18},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-087-3},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{118},
  editor =	{Schewe, Sven and Zhang, Lijun},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2018.12},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-95500},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2018.12},
  annote =	{Keywords: valence systems, graph monoids, bounded context switching}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2018.35
Regular Separability of Well-Structured Transition Systems

Authors: Wojciech Czerwinski, Slawomir Lasota, Roland Meyer, Sebastian Muskalla, K. Narayan Kumar, and Prakash Saivasan

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 118, 29th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2018)

Abstract
We investigate the languages recognized by well-structured transition systems (WSTS) with upward and downward compatibility. Our first result shows that, under very mild assumptions, every two disjoint WSTS languages are regular separable: There is a regular language containing one of them and being disjoint from the other. As a consequence, if a language as well as its complement are both recognized by WSTS, then they are necessarily regular. In particular, no subclass of WSTS languages beyond the regular languages is closed under complement. Our second result shows that for Petri nets, the complexity of the backwards coverability algorithm yields a bound on the size of the regular separator. We complement it by a lower bound construction.
Cite as

Wojciech Czerwinski, Slawomir Lasota, Roland Meyer, Sebastian Muskalla, K. Narayan Kumar, and Prakash Saivasan. Regular Separability of Well-Structured Transition Systems. In 29th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 118, pp. 35:1-35:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)

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@InProceedings{czerwinski_et_al:LIPIcs.CONCUR.2018.35,
  author =	{Czerwinski, Wojciech and Lasota, Slawomir and Meyer, Roland and Muskalla, Sebastian and Narayan Kumar, K. and Saivasan, Prakash},
  title =	{{Regular Separability of Well-Structured Transition Systems}},
  booktitle =	{29th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2018)},
  pages =	{35:1--35:18},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-087-3},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{118},
  editor =	{Schewe, Sven and Zhang, Lijun},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2018.35},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-95733},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2018.35},
  annote =	{Keywords: regular separability, wsts, coverability languages, Petri nets}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2018.57
Parity to Safety in Polynomial Time for Pushdown and Collapsible Pushdown Systems

Authors: Matthew Hague, Roland Meyer, Sebastian Muskalla, and Martin Zimmermann

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 117, 43rd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2018)

Abstract
We give a direct polynomial-time reduction from parity games played over the configuration graphs of collapsible pushdown systems to safety games played over the same class of graphs. That a polynomial-time reduction would exist was known since both problems are complete for the same complexity class. Coming up with a direct reduction, however, has been an open problem. Our solution to the puzzle brings together a number of techniques for pushdown games and adds three new ones. This work contributes to a recent trend of liveness to safety reductions which allow the advanced state-of-the-art in safety checking to be used for more expressive specifications.
Cite as

Matthew Hague, Roland Meyer, Sebastian Muskalla, and Martin Zimmermann. Parity to Safety in Polynomial Time for Pushdown and Collapsible Pushdown Systems. In 43rd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 117, pp. 57:1-57:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)

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@InProceedings{hague_et_al:LIPIcs.MFCS.2018.57,
  author =	{Hague, Matthew and Meyer, Roland and Muskalla, Sebastian and Zimmermann, Martin},
  title =	{{Parity to Safety in Polynomial Time for Pushdown and Collapsible Pushdown Systems}},
  booktitle =	{43rd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2018)},
  pages =	{57:1--57:15},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-086-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{117},
  editor =	{Potapov, Igor and Spirakis, Paul and Worrell, James},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2018.57},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-96396},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2018.57},
  annote =	{Keywords: Parity Games, Safety Games, Pushdown Systems, Collapsible Pushdown Systems, Higher-Order Recursion Schemes, Model Checking}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2017.49
On the Upward/Downward Closures of Petri Nets

Authors: Mohamed Faouzi Atig, Roland Meyer, Sebastian Muskalla, and Prakash Saivasan

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 83, 42nd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2017)

Abstract
We study the size and the complexity of computing finite state automata (FSA) representing and approximating the downward and the upward closure of Petri net languages with coverability as the acceptance condition. We show how to construct an FSA recognizing the upward closure of a Petri net language in doubly-exponential time, and therefore the size is at most doubly exponential. For downward closures, we prove that the size of the minimal automata can be non-primitive recursive. In the case of BPP nets, a well-known subclass of Petri nets, we show that an FSA accepting the downward/upward closure can be constructed in exponential time. Furthermore, we consider the problem of checking whether a simple regular language is included in the downward/upward closure of a Petri net/BPP net language. We show that this problem is EXPSPACE-complete (resp. NP-complete) in the case of Petri nets (resp. BPP nets). Finally, we show that it is decidable whether a Petri net language is upward/downward closed.
Cite as

Mohamed Faouzi Atig, Roland Meyer, Sebastian Muskalla, and Prakash Saivasan. On the Upward/Downward Closures of Petri Nets. In 42nd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2017). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 83, pp. 49:1-49:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)

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@InProceedings{atig_et_al:LIPIcs.MFCS.2017.49,
  author =	{Atig, Mohamed Faouzi and Meyer, Roland and Muskalla, Sebastian and Saivasan, Prakash},
  title =	{{On the Upward/Downward Closures of Petri Nets}},
  booktitle =	{42nd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2017)},
  pages =	{49:1--49:14},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-046-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{83},
  editor =	{Larsen, Kim G. and Bodlaender, Hans L. and Raskin, Jean-Francois},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2017.49},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-81278},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2017.49},
  annote =	{Keywords: Petri nets, BPP nets, downward closure, upward closure}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2017.59
Domains for Higher-Order Games

Authors: Matthew Hague, Roland Meyer, and Sebastian Muskalla

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 83, 42nd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2017)

Abstract
We study two-player inclusion games played over word-generating higher-order recursion schemes. While inclusion checks are known to capture verification problems, two-player games generalize this relationship to program synthesis. In such games, non-terminals of the grammar are controlled by opposing players. The goal of the existential player is to avoid producing a word that lies outside of a regular language of safe words. We contribute a new domain that provides a representation of the winning region of such games. Our domain is based on (functions over) potentially infinite Boolean formulas with words as atomic propositions. We develop an abstract interpretation framework that we instantiate to abstract this domain into a domain where the propositions are replaced by states of a finite automaton. This second domain is therefore finite and we obtain, via standard fixed-point techniques, a direct algorithm for the analysis of two-player inclusion games. We show, via a second instantiation of the framework, that our finite domain can be optimized, leading to a (k+1)EXP algorithm for order-k recursion schemes. We give a matching lower bound, showing that our approach is optimal. Since our approach is based on standard Kleene iteration, existing techniques and tools for fixed-point computations can be applied.
Cite as

Matthew Hague, Roland Meyer, and Sebastian Muskalla. Domains for Higher-Order Games. In 42nd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2017). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 83, pp. 59:1-59:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)

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@InProceedings{hague_et_al:LIPIcs.MFCS.2017.59,
  author =	{Hague, Matthew and Meyer, Roland and Muskalla, Sebastian},
  title =	{{Domains for Higher-Order Games}},
  booktitle =	{42nd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2017)},
  pages =	{59:1--59:15},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-046-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{83},
  editor =	{Larsen, Kim G. and Bodlaender, Hans L. and Raskin, Jean-Francois},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2017.59},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-81409},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2017.59},
  annote =	{Keywords: higher-order recursion schemes, games, semantics, abstract interpretation, fixed points}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2016.41
Summaries for Context-Free Games

Authors: Lukás Holík, Roland Meyer, and Sebastian Muskalla

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 65, 36th IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2016)

Abstract
We study two-player games played on the infinite graph of sentential forms induced by a context-free grammar (that comes with an ownership partitioning of the non-terminals). The winning condition is inclusion of the derived terminal word in the language of a finite automaton. Our contribution is a new algorithm to decide the winning player and to compute her strategy. It is based on a novel representation of all plays starting in a non-terminal. The representation uses the domain of Boolean formulas over the transition monoid of the target automaton. The elements of the monoid are essentially procedure summaries, and our approach can be seen as the first summary-based algorithm for the synthesis of recursive programs. We show that our algorithm has optimal (doubly exponential) time complexity, that it is compatible with recent antichain optimizations, and that it admits a lazy evaluation strategy. Our preliminary experiments indeed show encouraging results, indicating a speed up of three orders of magnitude over a competitor.
Cite as

Lukás Holík, Roland Meyer, and Sebastian Muskalla. Summaries for Context-Free Games. In 36th IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2016). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 65, pp. 41:1-41:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2016)

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@InProceedings{holik_et_al:LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2016.41,
  author =	{Hol{\'\i}k, Luk\'{a}s and Meyer, Roland and Muskalla, Sebastian},
  title =	{{Summaries for Context-Free Games}},
  booktitle =	{36th IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2016)},
  pages =	{41:1--41:16},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-027-9},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2016},
  volume =	{65},
  editor =	{Lal, Akash and Akshay, S. and Saurabh, Saket and Sen, Sandeep},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2016.41},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-68763},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2016.41},
  annote =	{Keywords: summaries, context-free games, Kleene iteration, transition monoid, strategy synthesis}
}
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