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DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.WABI.2018.9

An Average-Case Sublinear Exact Li and Stephens Forward Algorithm

Authors: Yohei M. Rosen and Benedict J. Paten

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 113, 18th International Workshop on Algorithms in Bioinformatics (WABI 2018)

Abstract

Hidden Markov models of haplotype inheritance such as the Li and Stephens model allow for computationally tractable probability calculations using the forward algorithms as long as the representative reference panel used in the model is sufficiently small. Specifically, the monoploid Li and Stephens model and its variants are linear in reference panel size unless heuristic approximations are used. However, sequencing projects numbering in the thousands to hundreds of thousands of individuals are underway, and others numbering in the millions are anticipated. To make the Li and Stephens forward algorithm for these datasets computationally tractable, we have created a numerically exact version of the algorithm with observed average case O(nk^{0.35}) runtime in number of genetic sites n and reference panel size k. This avoids any tradeoff between runtime and model complexity. We demonstrate that our approach also provides a succinct data structure for general purpose haplotype data storage. We discuss generalizations of our algorithmic techniques to other hidden Markov models.

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Yohei M. Rosen and Benedict J. Paten. An Average-Case Sublinear Exact Li and Stephens Forward Algorithm. In 18th International Workshop on Algorithms in Bioinformatics (WABI 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 113, pp. 9:1-9:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)

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@InProceedings{rosen_et_al:LIPIcs.WABI.2018.9,
  author =	{Rosen, Yohei M. and Paten, Benedict J.},
  title =	{{An Average-Case Sublinear Exact Li and Stephens Forward Algorithm}},
  booktitle =	{18th International Workshop on Algorithms in Bioinformatics (WABI 2018)},
  pages =	{9:1--9:13},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-082-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{113},
  editor =	{Parida, Laxmi and Ukkonen, Esko},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.WABI.2018.9},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-93116},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.WABI.2018.9},
  annote =	{Keywords: Haplotype, Hidden Markov Model, Forward Algorithm, Lazy Evaluation}
}

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An Average-Case Sublinear Exact Li and Stephens Forward Algorithm

Abstract

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