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Is Familiarity Reflected in the Spatial Knowledge Revealed by Sketch Maps?

Authors Markus Kattenbeck , Daniel R. Montello, Martin Raubal , Ioannis Giannopoulos

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Author Details

Markus Kattenbeck
  • Research Division Geoinformation, Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation, TU Wien, Austria
Daniel R. Montello
  • Geography Department, University of California Santa Barbara, CA, USA
Martin Raubal
  • Institute of Cartography and Geoinformation, ETH Zürich, Switzerland
Ioannis Giannopoulos
  • Research Division Geoinformation, Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation, TU Wien, Austria

Funding

  • Kattenbeck, Markus: This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 101026774.

Acknowledgements

We would like to thank our study participants for their time to support our research. We are also grateful to Owen Crosby and Mahala Randel for their very valuable assistance in analyzing the sketch maps.

Cite As Get BibTex

Markus Kattenbeck, Daniel R. Montello, Martin Raubal, and Ioannis Giannopoulos. Is Familiarity Reflected in the Spatial Knowledge Revealed by Sketch Maps?. In 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 315, pp. 6:1-6:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024) https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.6

Abstract

Despite the frequent use of sketch maps in assessing environmental knowledge, it remains unclear how and to what degree familiarity impacts sketch map content. In the present study, we assess whether different levels of familiarity relate to differences in the content and spatial accuracy of environmental knowledge depicted in sketch maps drawn for the purpose of route instructions. To this end, we conduct a real-world wayfinding study with 91 participants, all of whom have to walk along a pre-defined route of approximately 2.3km length. Prior to the walk, we collect self-report familiarity ratings from participants for both a set of 15 landmarks and a set of areas we define as hexagons along the route. Once participants finished walking the route, they were asked to sketch a map of the route, specifically a sketch that would enable a person who had never walked the route to follow it. We found that participants unfamiliar with the areas along the route sketched fewer features than familiar people did. Contrary to our expectations, however, we found that landmarks were sketched or not regardless of participants' level of familiarity with the landmarks. We were also surprised that the level of familiarity was not correlated to the accuracy of the sketched order of features along the route, of the position of sketched features in relation to the route, nor to the metric locational accuracy of feature placement on the sketches. These results lead us to conclude that different aspects of feature salience influence whether the features are included on sketch maps, independent of familiarity. They also point to the influence of task context on the content of sketch maps, again independent of familiarity. We propose further studies to more fully explore these ideas.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • General and reference → Empirical studies
  • Applied computing → Psychology
Keywords
  • Familiarity
  • Spatial Knowledge
  • Sketch Maps

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