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Width Parameterizations for Knot-Free Vertex Deletion on Digraphs

Authors Stéphane Bessy, Marin Bougeret, Alan D. A. Carneiro, Fábio Protti, Uéverton S. Souza

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Stéphane Bessy
  • Université de Montpellier - CNRS, LIRMM, Montpellier, France
Marin Bougeret
  • Université de Montpellier - CNRS, LIRMM, Montpellier, France
Alan D. A. Carneiro
  • Universidade Federal Fluminense - Instituto de Computação, Niterói, Brazil
Fábio Protti
  • Universidade Federal Fluminense - Instituto de Computação, Niterói, Brazil
Uéverton S. Souza
  • Universidade Federal Fluminense - Instituto de Computação, Niterói, Brazil

Funding

Supported by Grant E-26/203.272/2017, Rio de Janeiro Research Foundation (FAPERJ) and by Grant 303726/2017-2, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq).

Acknowledgements

We thank Ignasi Sau for introducing Alan Carneiro to Stéphane Bessy and Marin Bougeret.

Cite AsGet BibTex

Stéphane Bessy, Marin Bougeret, Alan D. A. Carneiro, Fábio Protti, and Uéverton S. Souza. Width Parameterizations for Knot-Free Vertex Deletion on Digraphs. In 14th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 148, pp. 2:1-2:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)
https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2019.2

Abstract

A knot in a directed graph G is a strongly connected subgraph Q of G with at least two vertices, such that no vertex in V(Q) is an in-neighbor of a vertex in V(G)\V(Q). Knots are important graph structures, because they characterize the existence of deadlocks in a classical distributed computation model, the so-called OR-model. Deadlock detection is correlated with the recognition of knot-free graphs as well as deadlock resolution is closely related to the Knot-Free Vertex Deletion (KFVD) problem, which consists of determining whether an input graph G has a subset S subseteq V(G) of size at most k such that G[V\S] contains no knot. Because of natural applications in deadlock resolution, KFVD is closely related to Directed Feedback Vertex Set. In this paper we focus on graph width measure parameterizations for KFVD. First, we show that: (i) KFVD parameterized by the size of the solution k is W[1]-hard even when p, the length of a longest directed path of the input graph, as well as kappa, its Kenny-width, are bounded by constants, and we remark that KFVD is para-NP-hard even considering many directed width measures as parameters, but in FPT when parameterized by clique-width; (ii) KFVD can be solved in time 2^{O(tw)} x n, but assuming ETH it cannot be solved in 2^{o(tw)} x n^{O(1)}, where tw is the treewidth of the underlying undirected graph. Finally, since the size of a minimum directed feedback vertex set (dfv) is an upper bound for the size of a minimum knot-free vertex deletion set, we investigate parameterization by dfv and we show that (iii) KFVD can be solved in FPT-time parameterized by either dfv+kappa or dfv+p. Results of (iii) cannot be improved when replacing dfv by k due to (i).

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Mathematics of computing → Graph theory
  • Theory of computation → Parameterized complexity and exact algorithms
Keywords
  • Knot
  • deadlock
  • width measure
  • FPT
  • W[1]-hard
  • directed feedback vertex set

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