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Approximate Degree Lower Bounds for Oracle Identification Problems

Authors Mark Bun, Nadezhda Voronova

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Author Details

Mark Bun
  • Department of Computer Science, Boston University, MA, USA
Nadezhda Voronova
  • Department of Computer Science, Boston University, MA, USA

Funding

Supported in part by NSF awards CCF-1947889 and CNS-2046425.
  • Bun, Mark: Supported in part by a Sloan Research Fellowship.

Acknowledgements

We thank Arkadev Chattopadhyay for suggesting the problem of determining the approximate degree of ordered search, and Arkadev and Justin Thaler for many helpful conversations about it. We also thank the anonymous TQC 2023 reviewers for helpful suggestions on the presentation.

Cite AsGet BibTex

Mark Bun and Nadezhda Voronova. Approximate Degree Lower Bounds for Oracle Identification Problems. In 18th Conference on the Theory of Quantum Computation, Communication and Cryptography (TQC 2023). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 266, pp. 1:1-1:24, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)
https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.TQC.2023.1

Abstract

The approximate degree of a Boolean function is the minimum degree of real polynomial that approximates it pointwise. For any Boolean function, its approximate degree serves as a lower bound on its quantum query complexity, and generically lifts to a quantum communication lower bound for a related function. We introduce a framework for proving approximate degree lower bounds for certain oracle identification problems, where the goal is to recover a hidden binary string x ∈ {0, 1}ⁿ given possibly non-standard oracle access to it. Our lower bounds apply to decision versions of these problems, where the goal is to compute the parity of x. We apply our framework to the ordered search and hidden string problems, proving nearly tight approximate degree lower bounds of Ω(n/log² n) for each. These lower bounds generalize to the weakly unbounded error setting, giving a new quantum query lower bound for the hidden string problem in this regime. Our lower bounds are driven by randomized communication upper bounds for the greater-than and equality functions.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Theory of computation → Complexity theory and logic
  • Theory of computation → Communication complexity
  • Theory of computation → Quantum complexity theory
Keywords
  • Approximate degree
  • quantum query complexity
  • communication complexity
  • ordered search
  • polynomial approximations
  • polynomial method

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