We apply Invertible Bloom Lookup Tables (IBLTs) to the comparison of k-mer sets originated from large DNA sequence datasets. We show that for similar datasets, IBLTs provide a more space-efficient and, at the same time, more accurate method for estimating Jaccard similarity of underlying k-mer sets, compared to MinHash which is a go-to sketching technique for efficient pairwise similarity estimation. This is achieved by combining IBLTs with k-mer sampling based on syncmers, which constitute a context-independent alternative to minimizers and provide an unbiased estimator of Jaccard similarity. A key property of our method is that involved data structures require space proportional to the difference of k-mer sets and are independent of the size of sets themselves. As another application, we show how our ideas can be applied in order to efficiently compute (an approximation of) k-mers that differ between two datasets, still using space only proportional to their number. We experimentally illustrate our results on both simulated and real data (SARS-CoV-2 and Streptococcus Pneumoniae genomes).
@InProceedings{shibuya_et_al:LIPIcs.WABI.2022.14, author = {Shibuya, Yoshihiro and Belazzougui, Djamal and Kucherov, Gregory}, title = {{Efficient Reconciliation of Genomic Datasets of High Similarity}}, booktitle = {22nd International Workshop on Algorithms in Bioinformatics (WABI 2022)}, pages = {14:1--14:14}, series = {Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)}, ISBN = {978-3-95977-243-3}, ISSN = {1868-8969}, year = {2022}, volume = {242}, editor = {Boucher, Christina and Rahmann, Sven}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik}, address = {Dagstuhl, Germany}, URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.WABI.2022.14}, URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-170481}, doi = {10.4230/LIPIcs.WABI.2022.14}, annote = {Keywords: k-mers, sketching, Invertible Bloom Lookup Tables, IBLT, MinHash, syncmers, minimizers} }
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