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Response Time Analysis for RT-MQTT Protocol Grounded on SDN

Authors Ehsan Shahri , Paulo Pedreiras , Luis Almeida

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Author Details

Ehsan Shahri
  • Department of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics (DETI), University of Aveiro, Portugal
  • Institute of Telecommunications, Campus de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
Paulo Pedreiras
  • Department of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics (DETI), University of Aveiro, Portugal
  • Institute of Telecommunications, Campus de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
Luis Almeida
  • Research Center in Real-Time and Embedded Computing Systems (CISTER), Porto, Portugal
  • Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto (FEUP), Portugal

Funding

This work is funded by Portuguese national funds through FCT/MCTES and, when applicable, co-funded by European Community funds, under projects IT-UIDB/50008/2020-UIDP/50008/2020 and CISTER-UIDB/04234/2020, as well as the FCT scholarship PD/BD/137388/2018.

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Ehsan Shahri, Paulo Pedreiras, and Luis Almeida. Response Time Analysis for RT-MQTT Protocol Grounded on SDN. In Fourth Workshop on Next Generation Real-Time Embedded Systems (NG-RES 2023). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 108, pp. 5:1-5:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)
https://doi.org/10.4230/OASIcs.NG-RES.2023.5

Abstract

The current industry trend is to replace the use of custom components with standards-based Commercially available Off-The-Shelf (COTS) based hardware and protocols. Furthermore, the emergence of new industrial paradigms, such as Industry 4.0 and the Industrial Internet of Things, sets additional requirements regarding e.g. scale, transparency, agility, flexibility and efficiency. Therefore, in these domains, application layer protocols such as Message Queuing Telemetry Transport protocol (MQTT) are gaining popularity, in result of their simplicity, scalability, low resource-usage and decoupling between end nodes. However, such protocols were not designed for real-time applications, missing key features such as determinism and latency bounds. A recent work proposed extending MQTT with real-time services, taking advantage of Software Defined Networking (SDN) to manage the network resource. These extensions allow applications to specify real-time requirements that are then captured by a resource manager and used to reserve the necessary resources at the network layer. This paper shows that such MQTT extended architecture is analyzable from a worst-case timing perspective. We derive a system model that captures the real-time features and we present a response-time analysis to assess the schedulability of the real-time traffic. Finally, we validate the analysis with a set of experimental results.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Networks
Keywords
  • Real-time systems
  • OpenFlow
  • fixed-priority non-preemptive scheduling
  • response time analysis
  • MQTT

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