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Magic state distillation is a fundamental technique for realizing fault-tolerant universal quantum computing, and produces high-fidelity Clifford eigenstates, called magic states, which can be used to implement the non-Clifford pi/8 gate. We propose an efficient protocol for distilling other non-stabilizer states that requires only Clifford operations, measurement, and magic states. One critical application of our protocol is efficiently and fault tolerantly implementing arbitrary, non-Clifford, single-qubit rotations in average constant online circuit depth and polylogarithmic (in precision) offline resource cost, resulting in significant improvements over state-of-the-art decomposition techniques. Finally, we show that our protocol is robust to noise in the resource states.
@InProceedings{ducloscianci_et_al:LIPIcs.TQC.2013.235,
author = {Duclos-Cianci, Guillaume and Svore, Krysta M.},
title = {{Distillation of Non-Stabilizer States for Universal Quantum Computation}},
booktitle = {8th Conference on the Theory of Quantum Computation, Communication and Cryptography (TQC 2013)},
pages = {235--243},
series = {Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-939897-55-2},
ISSN = {1868-8969},
year = {2013},
volume = {22},
editor = {Severini, Simone and Brandao, Fernando},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.TQC.2013.235},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-43233},
doi = {10.4230/LIPIcs.TQC.2013.235},
annote = {Keywords: quantum computing, resource estimation, magic state distillation}
}