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Sampling Multiple Edges Efficiently

Authors Talya Eden , Saleet Mossel, Ronitt Rubinfeld

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Author Details

Talya Eden
  • CSAIL, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
Saleet Mossel
  • CSAIL, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
Ronitt Rubinfeld
  • CSAIL, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA

Funding

  • Eden, Talya: This work was supported by the NSF Grant CCF-1740751, the Eric and Wendy Schmidt Fund, and Ben-Gurion University.
  • Rubinfeld, Ronitt: This work was supported by the NSF TRIPODS program (awards CCF-1740751 and DMS 2022448), NSF award CCF-2006664 and by the Fintech@CSAIL Initiative.

Cite As Get BibTex

Talya Eden, Saleet Mossel, and Ronitt Rubinfeld. Sampling Multiple Edges Efficiently. In Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques (APPROX/RANDOM 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 207, pp. 51:1-51:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021) https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.APPROX/RANDOM.2021.51

Abstract

We present a sublinear time algorithm that allows one to sample multiple edges from a distribution that is pointwise ε-close to the uniform distribution, in an amortized-efficient fashion. We consider the adjacency list query model, where access to a graph G is given via degree and neighbor queries.
The problem of sampling a single edge in this model has been raised by Eden and Rosenbaum (SOSA 18). Let n and m denote the number of vertices and edges of G, respectively. Eden and Rosenbaum provided upper and lower bounds of Θ^*(n/√ m) for sampling a single edge in general graphs (where O^*(⋅) suppresses poly(1/ε) and poly(log n) dependencies). We ask whether the query complexity lower bound for sampling a single edge can be circumvented when multiple samples are required. That is, can we get an improved amortized per-sample cost if we allow a preprocessing phase? We answer in the affirmative. 
We present an algorithm that, if one knows the number of required samples q in advance, has an overall cost that is sublinear in q, namely, O^*(√ q ⋅(n/√ m)), which is strictly preferable to O^*(q⋅ (n/√ m)) cost resulting from q invocations of the algorithm by Eden and Rosenbaum. 
Subsequent to a preliminary version of this work, Tětek and Thorup (arXiv, preprint) proved that this bound is essentially optimal.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Theory of computation → Sketching and sampling
Keywords
  • Sampling edges
  • graph algorithm
  • sublinear algorithms

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