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Space-Efficient Graph Coarsening with Applications to Succinct Planar Encodings

Authors Frank Kammer , Johannes Meintrup

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LIPIcs.ISAAC.2022.62.pdf
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Author Details

Frank Kammer
  • THM, Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany
Johannes Meintrup
  • THM, Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany

Funding

  • Meintrup, Johannes: Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) - 379157101.

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Frank Kammer and Johannes Meintrup. Space-Efficient Graph Coarsening with Applications to Succinct Planar Encodings. In 33rd International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation (ISAAC 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 248, pp. 62:1-62:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022) https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.ISAAC.2022.62

Abstract

We present a novel space-efficient graph coarsening technique for n-vertex planar graphs G, called cloud partition, which partitions the vertices V(G) into disjoint sets C of size O(log n) such that each C induces a connected subgraph of G. Using this partition 𝒫 we construct a so-called structure-maintaining minor F of G via specific contractions within the disjoint sets such that F has O(n/log n) vertices. The combination of (F, 𝒫) is referred to as a cloud decomposition.
For planar graphs we show that a cloud decomposition can be constructed in O(n) time and using O(n) bits. Given a cloud decomposition (F, 𝒫) constructed for a planar graph G we are able to find a balanced separator of G in O(n/log n) time. Contrary to related publications, we do not make use of an embedding of the planar input graph. We generalize our cloud decomposition from planar graphs to H-minor-free graphs for any fixed graph H. This allows us to construct the succinct encoding scheme for H-minor-free graphs due to Blelloch and Farzan (CPM 2010) in O(n) time and O(n) bits improving both runtime and space by a factor of Θ(log n).
As an additional application of our cloud decomposition we show that, for H-minor-free graphs, a tree decomposition of width O(n^{1/2 + ε}) for any ε > 0 can be constructed in O(n) bits and a time linear in the size of the tree decomposition. A similar result by Izumi and Otachi (ICALP 2020) constructs a tree decomposition of width O(k √n log n) for graphs of treewidth k ≤ √n in sublinear space and polynomial time.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Theory of computation → Graph algorithms analysis
Keywords
  • planar graph
  • H-minor-free
  • space-efficient
  • separator
  • tree decomposition

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