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Geometric Amortization of Enumeration Algorithms

Authors Florent Capelli , Yann Strozecki

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Author Details

Florent Capelli
  • Université de Lille, CNRS, Inria, Centrale Lille, UMR 9189 - CRIStAL, F-59000 Lille, France
Yann Strozecki
  • Université Paris Saclay, UVSQ, DAVID, France

Funding

This work was supported by project ANR KCODA, ANR-20-CE48-0004.

Acknowledgements

We would like to thank anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on previous version of the paper and Nofar Carmeli and Stefan Mengel for proofreading earlier version of the paper.

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Florent Capelli and Yann Strozecki. Geometric Amortization of Enumeration Algorithms. In 40th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2023). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 254, pp. 18:1-18:22, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023) https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2023.18

Abstract

In this paper, we introduce a technique we call geometric amortization for enumeration algorithms, which can be used to make the delay of enumeration algorithms more regular with little overhead on the space it uses. More precisely, we consider enumeration algorithms having incremental linear delay, that is, algorithms enumerating, on input x, a set A(x) such that for every t ≤ ♯ A(x), it outputs at least t solutions in time O(t⋅p(|x|)), where p is a polynomial. We call p the incremental delay of the algorithm. While it is folklore that one can transform such an algorithm into an algorithm with maximal delay O(p(|x|)), the naive transformation may use exponential space. We show that, using geometric amortization, such an algorithm can be transformed into an algorithm with delay O(p(|x|)log(♯A(x))) and space O(s log(♯A(x))) where s is the space used by the original algorithm. In terms of complexity, we prove that classes DelayP and IncP₁ with polynomial space coincide. 
We apply geometric amortization to show that one can trade the delay of flashlight search algorithms for their average delay up to a factor of O(log(♯A(x))). We illustrate how this tradeoff is advantageous for the enumeration of solutions of DNF formulas.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Theory of computation → Complexity classes
Keywords
  • Enumeration
  • Polynomial Delay
  • Incremental Delay
  • Amortization

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References

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