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Passenger-Based Intermodal Connection Optimization with Elastic Demands

Authors: Boris Grimm, Ralf Borndörfer, Andrea Fraioli, Paula Franke, Giovanni Luca Giacco, Federico Marinucci, and Tommaso Montino

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 147, 26th Symposium on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modelling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS 2026)


Abstract
A railway network can attract additional passengers by improving the quality of service. One way to do that is to establish new train connections by slight shifts in arrival and departure times. We propose a connection optimization model to find a shifting of a given aperiodic timetable that maximizes the passenger volume, in which the demand is elastic and forecast by an integrated discrete choice logit model. The resulting large-scale mixed-integer non-linear non-convex programming problems can be solved by tailor-made heuristics for the entire Italian railway network with its 2,000 stations and 10,000 daily train trips, uncovering substantial potentials for connectivity improvements and boosts in demand.

Cite as

Boris Grimm, Ralf Borndörfer, Andrea Fraioli, Paula Franke, Giovanni Luca Giacco, Federico Marinucci, and Tommaso Montino. Passenger-Based Intermodal Connection Optimization with Elastic Demands. In 26th Symposium on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modelling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS 2026). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 147, pp. 2:1-2:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2026)


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@InProceedings{grimm_et_al:OASIcs.ATMOS.2026.2,
  author =	{Grimm, Boris and Bornd\"{o}rfer, Ralf and Fraioli, Andrea and Franke, Paula and Giacco, Giovanni Luca and Marinucci, Federico and Montino, Tommaso},
  title =	{{Passenger-Based Intermodal Connection Optimization with Elastic Demands}},
  booktitle =	{26th Symposium on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modelling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS 2026)},
  pages =	{2:1--2:18},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-453-6},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2026},
  volume =	{147},
  editor =	{Cacchiani, Valentina and Funke, Stefan},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2026.2},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-277980},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2026.2},
  annote =	{Keywords: Timetabling, Demand Elasticity, Discrete Choice, Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Programming, Heuristics}
}

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