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Documents authored by Huang, Chengzi

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2026.4
Boost-At-The-Tail: Work-Triggered Frequency Boosting for Fixed-Priority Scheduling

Authors: Behnam Khodabandeloo, Chengzi Huang, and Pontus Ekberg

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 375, 38th European Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2026)

Abstract
Fixed-priority (FP) scheduling is widely used in safety-critical real-time systems due to its simplicity and analyzability, yet it may fail to schedule task sets whose worst-case response-time bounds exceed deadlines by small margins. Meanwhile, modern processors increasingly support short-term frequency boosting, providing additional processing capacity subject to thermal and power constraints. This paper introduces Boosted-FP, a fixed-priority scheduling framework that augments a given FP policy with controlled, limited frequency boosting. The key idea is to activate boosting based on the worst-case remaining execution demand of the currently executing job, thereby confining high-frequency execution to the tail of jobs. Per-task boost parameters are computed offline using standard fixed-priority response-time analysis under the chosen priority assignment, while boost activation decisions are made online using worst-case remaining-work information. We show that Boosted-FP preserves hard real-time guarantees by relating its execution behavior to that of a task set with reduced execution times. Leveraging the sustainability of fixed-priority schedulability analysis with respect to execution-time reductions, we establish that any task set schedulable under the modified execution bounds is also schedulable under the proposed framework. We evaluate the framework under a global boost-budget constraint and show experimentally that boost usage remains bounded and often well below the offline provisioned budget. Together, these results demonstrate that controlled, work-triggered boosting can safely extend the schedulable region of fixed-priority scheduling without abandoning static priorities.
Cite as

Behnam Khodabandeloo, Chengzi Huang, and Pontus Ekberg. Boost-At-The-Tail: Work-Triggered Frequency Boosting for Fixed-Priority Scheduling. In 38th European Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2026). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 375, pp. 4:1-4:22, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2026)

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@InProceedings{khodabandeloo_et_al:LIPIcs.ECRTS.2026.4,
  author =	{Khodabandeloo, Behnam and Huang, Chengzi and Ekberg, Pontus},
  title =	{{Boost-At-The-Tail: Work-Triggered Frequency Boosting for Fixed-Priority Scheduling}},
  booktitle =	{38th European Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2026)},
  pages =	{4:1--4:22},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-429-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2026},
  volume =	{375},
  editor =	{Kritikakou, Angeliki},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2026.4},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-265884},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2026.4},
  annote =	{Keywords: Fixed Priority Scheduling, Boost frequency, Execution slack}
}
Document
Artifact
DOI: 10.4230/DARTS.12.2.10
Boost-At-The-Tail: Work-Triggered Frequency Boosting for Fixed-Priority Scheduling (Artifact)

Authors: Behnam Khodabandeloo, Chengzi Huang, and Pontus Ekberg

Published in: DARTS, Volume 12, Issue 2, Special Issue of the 38th European Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2026)

Abstract
Fixed-priority (FP) scheduling is widely used in safety-critical real-time systems due to its simplicity and analyzability, yet it may fail to schedule task sets whose worst-case response-time bounds exceed deadlines by small margins. Meanwhile, modern processors increasingly support short-term frequency boosting, providing additional processing capacity subject to thermal and power constraints. This paper introduces Boosted-FP, a fixed-priority scheduling framework that augments a given FP policy with controlled, limited frequency boosting. The key idea is to activate boosting based on the worst-case remaining execution demand of the currently executing job, thereby confining high-frequency execution to the tail of jobs. Per-task boost parameters are computed offline using standard fixed-priority response-time analysis under the chosen priority assignment, while boost activation decisions are made online using worst-case remaining-work information. We show that Boosted-FP preserves hard real-time guarantees by relating its execution behavior to that of a task set with reduced execution times. Leveraging the sustainability of fixed-priority schedulability analysis with respect to execution-time reductions, we establish that any task set schedulable under the modified execution bounds is also schedulable under the proposed framework. We evaluate the framework under a global boost-budget constraint and show experimentally that boost usage remains bounded and often well below the offline provisioned budget. Together, these results demonstrate that controlled, work-triggered boosting can safely extend the schedulable region of fixed-priority scheduling without abandoning static priorities.
Cite as

Behnam Khodabandeloo, Chengzi Huang, and Pontus Ekberg. Boost-At-The-Tail: Work-Triggered Frequency Boosting for Fixed-Priority Scheduling (Artifact). In Special Issue of the 38th European Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2026). Dagstuhl Artifacts Series (DARTS), Volume 12, Issue 2, pp. 10:1-10:2, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2026)

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@Article{khodabandeloo_et_al:DARTS.12.2.10,
  author =	{Khodabandeloo, Behnam and Huang, Chengzi and Ekberg, Pontus},
  title =	{{Boost-At-The-Tail: Work-Triggered Frequency Boosting for Fixed-Priority Scheduling (Artifact)}},
  pages =	{10:1--10:2},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Artifacts Series},
  ISSN =	{2509-8195},
  year =	{2026},
  volume =	{12},
  number =	{2},
  editor =	{Khodabandeloo, Behnam and Huang, Chengzi and Ekberg, Pontus},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DARTS.12.2.10},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-266273},
  doi =		{10.4230/DARTS.12.2.10},
  annote =	{Keywords: Fixed Priority Scheduling, Boost frequency, Execution slack}
}
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