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Documents authored by Rioux, Laurent

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2020.15
Tracing Hardware Monitors in the GR712RC Multicore Platform: Challenges and Lessons Learnt from a Space Case Study

Authors: Xavier Palomo, Mikel Fernandez, Sylvain Girbal, Enrico Mezzetti, Jaume Abella, Francisco J. Cazorla, and Laurent Rioux

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 165, 32nd Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2020)

Abstract
The demand for increased computing performance is driving industry in critical-embedded systems (CES) domains, e.g. space, towards the use of multicores processors. Multicores, however, pose several challenges that must be addressed before their safe adoption in critical embedded domains. One of the prominent challenges is software timing analysis, a fundamental step in the verification and validation process. Monitoring and profiling solutions, traditionally used for debugging and optimization, are increasingly exploited for software timing in multicores. In particular, hardware event monitors related to requests to shared hardware resources are building block to assess and restraining multicore interference. Modern timing analysis techniques build on event monitors to track and control the contention tasks can generate each other in a multicore platform. In this paper we look into the hardware profiling problem from an industrial perspective and address both methodological and practical problems when monitoring a multicore application. We assess pros and cons of several profiling and tracing solutions, showing that several aspects need to be taken into account while considering the appropriate mechanism to collect and extract the profiling information from a multicore COTS platform. We address the profiling problem on a representative COTS platform for the aerospace domain to find that the availability of directly-accessible hardware counters is not a given, and it may be necessary to the develop specific tools that capture the needs of both the user’s and the timing analysis technique requirements. We report challenges in developing an event monitor tracing tool that works for bare-metal and RTEMS configurations and show the accuracy of the developed tool-set in profiling a real aerospace application. We also show how the profiling tools can be exploited, together with handcrafted benchmarks, to characterize the application behavior in terms of multicore timing interference.
Cite as

Xavier Palomo, Mikel Fernandez, Sylvain Girbal, Enrico Mezzetti, Jaume Abella, Francisco J. Cazorla, and Laurent Rioux. Tracing Hardware Monitors in the GR712RC Multicore Platform: Challenges and Lessons Learnt from a Space Case Study. In 32nd Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2020). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 165, pp. 15:1-15:25, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)

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@InProceedings{palomo_et_al:LIPIcs.ECRTS.2020.15,
  author =	{Palomo, Xavier and Fernandez, Mikel and Girbal, Sylvain and Mezzetti, Enrico and Abella, Jaume and Cazorla, Francisco J. and Rioux, Laurent},
  title =	{{Tracing Hardware Monitors in the GR712RC Multicore Platform: Challenges and Lessons Learnt from a Space Case Study}},
  booktitle =	{32nd Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2020)},
  pages =	{15:1--15:25},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-152-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2020},
  volume =	{165},
  editor =	{V\"{o}lp, Marcus},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2020.15},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-123787},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2020.15},
  annote =	{Keywords: Multicore Contention, Timing interference, Hardware Event Counters, PMC}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2017.17
Budgeting Under-Specified Tasks for Weakly-Hard Real-Time Systems

Authors: Zain A. H. Hammadeh, Sophie Quinton, Marco Panunzio, Rafik Henia, Laurent Rioux, and Rolf Ernst

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 76, 29th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2017)

Abstract
In this paper, we present an extension of slack analysis for budgeting in the design of weakly-hard real-time systems. During design, it often happens that some parts of a task set are fully specified while other parameters, e.g. regarding recovery or monitoring tasks, will be available only much later. In such cases, slack analysis can help anticipate how these missing parameters can influence the behavior of the whole system so that a resource budget can be allocated to them. It is, however, sufficient in many application contexts to budget these tasks in order to preserve weakly-hard rather than hard guarantees. We thus present an extension of slack analysis for deriving task budgets for systems with hard and weakly-hard requirements. This work is motivated by and validated on a realistic case study inspired by industrial practice.
Cite as

Zain A. H. Hammadeh, Sophie Quinton, Marco Panunzio, Rafik Henia, Laurent Rioux, and Rolf Ernst. Budgeting Under-Specified Tasks for Weakly-Hard Real-Time Systems. In 29th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2017). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 76, pp. 17:1-17:22, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)

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@InProceedings{hammadeh_et_al:LIPIcs.ECRTS.2017.17,
  author =	{Hammadeh, Zain A. H. and Quinton, Sophie and Panunzio, Marco and Henia, Rafik and Rioux, Laurent and Ernst, Rolf},
  title =	{{Budgeting Under-Specified Tasks for Weakly-Hard Real-Time Systems}},
  booktitle =	{29th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2017)},
  pages =	{17:1--17:22},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-037-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{76},
  editor =	{Bertogna, Marko},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2017.17},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-71636},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2017.17},
  annote =	{Keywords: Real-time, Weakly-hard, Slack analysis, Execution budget, Fixed priority}
}
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