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Documents authored by Shaw, Connor


Artifact
Software
CSSL-UConn/temp-sim

Authors: Colin Finkbeiner, Connor Shaw, and Ghada Almashaqbeh


Abstract

Cite as

Colin Finkbeiner, Connor Shaw, Ghada Almashaqbeh. CSSL-UConn/temp-sim (Software, Source Code). Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2026)


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@misc{dagstuhl-artifact-27966,
   title = {{CSSL-UConn/temp-sim}}, 
   author = {Finkbeiner, Colin and Shaw, Connor and Almashaqbeh, Ghada},
   note = {Software, swhId: \href{https://archive.softwareheritage.org/swh:1:dir:71dbe9c9ecdc32669573f00c1ef9950caad6bd2f;origin=https://github.com/CSSL-UConn/temp-sim;visit=swh:1:snp:73a02f02d4fcbcd3568ff71628d19ea2a776c428;anchor=swh:1:rev:b25e8e2e602772a0285b908eb195432747eb0ce1}{\texttt{swh:1:dir:71dbe9c9ecdc32669573f00c1ef9950caad6bd2f}} (visited on 2026-10-02)},
   url = {https://github.com/CSSL-UConn/temp-sim},
   doi = {10.4230/artifacts.27966},
}
Document
When Does Being Selfish Pay Off? Temporal Composability and Profitability in Selfish Mining

Authors: Colin Finkbeiner, Connor Shaw, and Ghada Almashaqbeh

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 395, 8th Conference on Advances in Financial Technologies (AFT 2026)


Abstract
Selfish mining undermines incentive compatibility of proof-of-work blockchains, letting a miner earn disproportionate rewards at a hashrate lower than the majority threshold. A decade of research has investigated whether a strategy is profitable, however, far less is understood about when it becomes profitable. Timing is critical since selfish mining operates at a loss before it turns a profit, typically requiring tens of weeks to break even in the classic case. In this paper, we present a holistic study of the time-to-profitability (TTP) of existing selfish mining strategies structured around four contributions. First, in the single-attacker setting, we characterize TTP across the full strategy space and find that TTP-minimizing and profit-maximizing strategies frequently diverge, making attack horizon a critical metric. In particular, under realistic fee dynamics, the use of incentive transactions to recruit honest-but-rational miners enables reaching profitability up to 15× faster than classic selfish mining at the same hash rate. Second, we study TTP for the first time in the multi-attacker setting, showing that the difference in strategies between opposing attackers has a dramatic impact on join profitability. Third, we generalize intermittent selfish mining by examining temporal composition over the full strategy space and showing that its purported benefits are largely overstated; alternating strategies rarely outperforms the best static strategy in terms of TTP and long-term profits. Finally, and building on these findings, we investigate adaptive, state-conditioned strategy selection at the difficulty adjustment period (DAP) level. We compare a general-purpose LLM agent against a fixed decision-tree selector. We find that both selectors reliably identify profit-maximizing strategies from observed network conditions, at a low operational cost, thus lowering the expertise barrier to exploiting adaptive selfish mining.

Cite as

Colin Finkbeiner, Connor Shaw, and Ghada Almashaqbeh. When Does Being Selfish Pay Off? Temporal Composability and Profitability in Selfish Mining. In 8th Conference on Advances in Financial Technologies (AFT 2026). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 395, pp. 29:1-29:23, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2026)


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@InProceedings{finkbeiner_et_al:LIPIcs.AFT.2026.29,
  author =	{Finkbeiner, Colin and Shaw, Connor and Almashaqbeh, Ghada},
  title =	{{When Does Being Selfish Pay Off? Temporal Composability and Profitability in Selfish Mining}},
  booktitle =	{8th Conference on Advances in Financial Technologies (AFT 2026)},
  pages =	{29:1--29:23},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-451-2},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2026},
  volume =	{395},
  editor =	{Kiayias, Aggelos and Kyropoulou, Maria},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.AFT.2026.29},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-278839},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.AFT.2026.29},
  annote =	{Keywords: Bitcoin, Proof of work, Selfish mining, Temporal mining strategies}
}

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