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(Actual) Neurosymbolic AI: Combining Deep Learning and Knowledge Graphs (Dagstuhl Seminar 25291)

Authors: Pascal Hitzler, Cogan Shimizu, Daria Stepanova, and Frank van Harmelen

Published in: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 15, Issue 7 (2026)

Abstract

In the past decade, both deep learning (DL) and knowledge graphs (KGs) have seen astonishing growth and groundbreaking milestones – DL due to newly available resources (e.g., accessibility of (modern) web scale data), previously un-scalable techniques (e.g., transformers), and modern hardware; KGs due to successful standardization, web-scale integration, and previously un-scalable techniques for querying and inference. This has brought new and increased interest to both fields, and especially in how they can complement each other. % This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 25291 "(Actual) Neurosymbolic AI: Combining Deep Learning and Knowledge Graphs". This Dagstuhl Seminar brought 34 internationally recognized experts together to examine the gap between deep learning and knowledge graphs, and architect their integration: neurosymbolic AI.

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Pascal Hitzler, Cogan Shimizu, Daria Stepanova, and Frank van Harmelen. (Actual) Neurosymbolic AI: Combining Deep Learning and Knowledge Graphs (Dagstuhl Seminar 25291). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 15, Issue 7, pp. 53-123, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2026)

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@Article{hitzler_et_al:DagRep.15.7.53,
  author =	{Hitzler, Pascal and Shimizu, Cogan and Stepanova, Daria and van Harmelen, Frank},
  title =	{{(Actual) Neurosymbolic AI: Combining Deep Learning and Knowledge Graphs (Dagstuhl Seminar 25291)}},
  pages =	{53--123},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Reports},
  ISSN =	{2192-5283},
  year =	{2026},
  volume =	{15},
  number =	{7},
  editor =	{Hitzler, Pascal and Shimizu, Cogan and Stepanova, Daria and van Harmelen, Frank},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.15.7.53},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-257675},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagRep.15.7.53},
  annote =	{Keywords: deep learning, knowledge graphs, neurosymbolic ai}
}

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(Actual) Neurosymbolic AI: Combining Deep Learning and Knowledge Graphs (Dagstuhl Seminar 25291)

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