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DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECOOP.2023.34

Dependent Merges and First-Class Environments

Authors: Jinhao Tan and Bruno C. d. S. Oliveira

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 263, 37th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2023)

Abstract

In most programming languages a (runtime) environment stores all the definitions that are available to programmers. Typically, environments are a meta-level notion, used only conceptually or internally in the implementation of programming languages. Only a few programming languages allow environments to be first-class values, which can be manipulated directly in programs. Although there is some research on calculi with first-class environments for statically typed programming languages, these calculi typically have significant restrictions. In this paper we propose a statically typed calculus, called 𝖤_i, with first-class environments. The main novelty of the 𝖤_i calculus is its support for first-class environments, together with an expressive set of operators that manipulate them. Such operators include: reification of the current environment, environment concatenation, environment restriction, and reflection mechanisms for running computations under a given environment. In 𝖤_i any type can act as a context (i.e. an environment type) and contexts are simply types. Furthermore, because 𝖤_i supports subtyping, there is a natural notion of context subtyping. There are two important ideas in 𝖤_i that generalize and are inspired by existing notions in the literature. The 𝖤_i calculus borrows disjoint intersection types and a merge operator, used in 𝖤_i to model contexts and environments, from the λ_i calculus. However, unlike the merges in λ_i, the merges in 𝖤_i can depend on previous components of a merge. From implicit calculi, the 𝖤_i calculus borrows the notion of a query, which allows type-based lookups on environments. In particular, queries are key to the ability of 𝖤_i to reify the current environment, or some parts of it. We prove the determinism and type soundness of 𝖤_i, and show that 𝖤_i can encode all well-typed λ_i programs.

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Jinhao Tan and Bruno C. d. S. Oliveira. Dependent Merges and First-Class Environments. In 37th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2023). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 263, pp. 34:1-34:32, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)

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@InProceedings{tan_et_al:LIPIcs.ECOOP.2023.34,
  author =	{Tan, Jinhao and Oliveira, Bruno C. d. S.},
  title =	{{Dependent Merges and First-Class Environments}},
  booktitle =	{37th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2023)},
  pages =	{34:1--34:32},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-281-5},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{263},
  editor =	{Ali, Karim and Salvaneschi, Guido},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECOOP.2023.34},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-182277},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECOOP.2023.34},
  annote =	{Keywords: First-class Environments, Disjointness, Intersection Types}
}

Document

Artifact

DOI: 10.4230/DARTS.9.2.2

Dependent Merges and First-Class Environments (Artifact)

Authors: Jinhao Tan and Bruno C. d. S. Oliveira

Published in: DARTS, Volume 9, Issue 2, Special Issue of the 37th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2023)

Abstract

This artifact contains the mechanical formalization of the calculi associated with the paper Dependent Merges and First-Class Environments. All of the metatheory has been formalized in Coq theorem prover. The paper studies a statically typed calculus, called 𝖤_i, with first-class environments. The main novelty of the 𝖤_i calculus is its support for first-class environments, together with an expressive set of operators that manipulate them.

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Jinhao Tan and Bruno C. d. S. Oliveira. Dependent Merges and First-Class Environments (Artifact). In Special Issue of the 37th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2023). Dagstuhl Artifacts Series (DARTS), Volume 9, Issue 2, pp. 2:1-2:3, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)

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@Article{tan_et_al:DARTS.9.2.2,
  author =	{Tan, Jinhao and Oliveira, Bruno C. d. S.},
  title =	{{Dependent Merges and First-Class Environments (Artifact)}},
  pages =	{2:1--2:3},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Artifacts Series},
  ISSN =	{2509-8195},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{9},
  number =	{2},
  editor =	{Tan, Jinhao and Oliveira, Bruno C. d. S.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DARTS.9.2.2},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-182427},
  doi =		{10.4230/DARTS.9.2.2},
  annote =	{Keywords: First-class Environments, Disjointness, Intersection Types}
}

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Dependent Merges and First-Class Environments

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Dependent Merges and First-Class Environments (Artifact)

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