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DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2025.16

Finiteness of Symbolic Derivatives in Lean

Authors: Ekaterina Zhuchko, Hendrik Maarand, Margus Veanes, and Gabriel Ebner

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 352, 16th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2025)

Abstract

Brzozowski proved that the set of derivatives of any regular expression is finite modulo associativity, idempotence and, notably, commutativity of the union operator. We extend this result to the case of symbolic location based derivatives, for which we prove finiteness of the state space by quotienting only by associativity, deduplication and idempotence (ADI); the fact that we don't use commutativity allows for this result to carry over to the derivative based backtracking (PCRE) match semantics, where the union operator is noncommutative. Furthermore, we consider regular expressions extended with lookarounds, intersection, and negation. We also show that our method for proving finiteness allows us to include certain simplification rules in the derivative operation while preserving finiteness. The finiteness proof is constructive: given an expression R, we construct a finite set that is an overapproximation (modulo ADI) of the set of derivatives of R. We reuse some of the infrastructure provided in previous formalization efforts for regular expressions in Lean 4, showing the flexibility and reusability of the framework.

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Ekaterina Zhuchko, Hendrik Maarand, Margus Veanes, and Gabriel Ebner. Finiteness of Symbolic Derivatives in Lean. In 16th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 352, pp. 16:1-16:19, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{zhuchko_et_al:LIPIcs.ITP.2025.16,
  author =	{Zhuchko, Ekaterina and Maarand, Hendrik and Veanes, Margus and Ebner, Gabriel},
  title =	{{Finiteness of Symbolic Derivatives in Lean}},
  booktitle =	{16th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2025)},
  pages =	{16:1--16:19},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-396-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{352},
  editor =	{Forster, Yannick and Keller, Chantal},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2025.16},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-246144},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2025.16},
  annote =	{Keywords: Lean, regular languages, lookarounds, derivatives, finiteness}
}

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Invited Talk

DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CSL.2017.7

Symbolic Automata Theory with Applications (Invited Talk)

Authors: Margus Veanes

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 82, 26th EACSL Annual Conference on Computer Science Logic (CSL 2017)

Abstract

Symbolic automata extend classic finite state automata by allowing transitions to carry predicates over rich alphabet theories. The key algorithmic difference to classic automata is the ability to efficiently operate over very large or infinite alphabets. In this talk we give an overview of what is currently known about symbolic automata, what their main applications are, and what challenges arise when reasoning about them. We also discuss some of the open problems and research directions in symbolic automata theory.

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Margus Veanes. Symbolic Automata Theory with Applications (Invited Talk). In 26th EACSL Annual Conference on Computer Science Logic (CSL 2017). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 82, pp. 7:1-7:3, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)

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@InProceedings{veanes:LIPIcs.CSL.2017.7,
  author =	{Veanes, Margus},
  title =	{{Symbolic Automata Theory with Applications}},
  booktitle =	{26th EACSL Annual Conference on Computer Science Logic (CSL 2017)},
  pages =	{7:1--7:3},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-045-3},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{82},
  editor =	{Goranko, Valentin and Dam, Mads},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CSL.2017.7},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-76872},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CSL.2017.7},
  annote =	{Keywords: automaton, transducer, symbolic}
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/DagRep.3.1.1

Symbolic Methods in Testing (Dagstuhl Seminar 13021)

Authors: Thierry Jéron, Margus Veanes, and Burkhart Wolff

Published in: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 3, Issue 1 (2013)

Abstract

This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 13021 "Symbolic Methods in Testing". The aim of the seminar was to bring together leading researchers of this field; the seminary ended up with 38 participants from 10 countries: France, The Netherlands, The Unites States, Germany, Switzerland, United Kingdom, Brazil, Norway, Estonia and Italy. Through a series of presentations, discussions, and working group meetings, the seminar attempted to get a coherent picture of the field, which transcends the borders of applications and disciplines, of existing approaches and problems in formal testing. The seminar brought together, on the one hand, researchers from the different camps and various tools. The main outcome of the seminar is the exchange of information between different groups and the discussion of new trends (parallelization, cloud-computing).

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Thierry Jéron, Margus Veanes, and Burkhart Wolff. Symbolic Methods in Testing (Dagstuhl Seminar 13021). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 3, Issue 1, pp. 1-29, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2013)

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@Article{jeron_et_al:DagRep.3.1.1,
  author =	{J\'{e}ron, Thierry and Veanes, Margus and Wolff, Burkhart},
  title =	{{Symbolic Methods in Testing (Dagstuhl Seminar 13021)}},
  pages =	{1--29},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Reports},
  ISSN =	{2192-5283},
  year =	{2013},
  volume =	{3},
  number =	{1},
  editor =	{J\'{e}ron, Thierry and Veanes, Margus and Wolff, Burkhart},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.3.1.1},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-40060},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagRep.3.1.1},
  annote =	{Keywords: Automated Deduction, White-box testing, Black-box Testing, Fuzz-Testing, Unit-Testing,Theorem prover-based Testing}
}

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Documents authored by Veanes, Margus

Finiteness of Symbolic Derivatives in Lean

Abstract

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Symbolic Automata Theory with Applications (Invited Talk)

Abstract

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Symbolic Methods in Testing (Dagstuhl Seminar 13021)

Abstract

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