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Documents authored by Zabeti, Hooman

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.WABI.2020.2
An Interpretable Classification Method for Predicting Drug Resistance in M. Tuberculosis

Authors: Hooman Zabeti, Nick Dexter, Amir Hosein Safari, Nafiseh Sedaghat, Maxwell Libbrecht, and Leonid Chindelevitch

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 172, 20th International Workshop on Algorithms in Bioinformatics (WABI 2020)

Abstract
Motivation: The prediction of drug resistance and the identification of its mechanisms in bacteria such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiological agent of tuberculosis, is a challenging problem. Modern methods based on testing against a catalogue of previously identified mutations often yield poor predictive performance. On the other hand, machine learning techniques have demonstrated high predictive accuracy, but many of them lack interpretability to aid in identifying specific mutations which lead to resistance. We propose a novel technique, inspired by the group testing problem and Boolean compressed sensing, which yields highly accurate predictions and interpretable results at the same time. Results: We develop a modified version of the Boolean compressed sensing problem for identifying drug resistance, and implement its formulation as an integer linear program. This allows us to characterize the predictive accuracy of the technique and select an appropriate metric to optimize. A simple adaptation of the problem also allows us to quantify the sensitivity-specificity trade-off of our model under different regimes. We test the predictive accuracy of our approach on a variety of commonly used antibiotics in treating tuberculosis and find that it has accuracy comparable to that of standard machine learning models and points to several genes with previously identified association to drug resistance.
Cite as

Hooman Zabeti, Nick Dexter, Amir Hosein Safari, Nafiseh Sedaghat, Maxwell Libbrecht, and Leonid Chindelevitch. An Interpretable Classification Method for Predicting Drug Resistance in M. Tuberculosis. In 20th International Workshop on Algorithms in Bioinformatics (WABI 2020). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 172, pp. 2:1-2:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)

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@InProceedings{zabeti_et_al:LIPIcs.WABI.2020.2,
  author =	{Zabeti, Hooman and Dexter, Nick and Safari, Amir Hosein and Sedaghat, Nafiseh and Libbrecht, Maxwell and Chindelevitch, Leonid},
  title =	{{An Interpretable Classification Method for Predicting Drug Resistance in M. Tuberculosis}},
  booktitle =	{20th International Workshop on Algorithms in Bioinformatics (WABI 2020)},
  pages =	{2:1--2:18},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-161-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2020},
  volume =	{172},
  editor =	{Kingsford, Carl and Pisanti, Nadia},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.WABI.2020.2},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-127911},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.WABI.2020.2},
  annote =	{Keywords: Drug resistance, whole-genome sequencing, interpretable machine learning, integer linear programming, rule-based learning}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.WABI.2018.1
A Duality-Based Method for Identifying Elemental Balance Violations in Metabolic Network Models

Authors: Hooman Zabeti, Tamon Stephen, Bonnie Berger, and Leonid Chindelevitch

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 113, 18th International Workshop on Algorithms in Bioinformatics (WABI 2018)

Abstract
Elemental balance, the property of having the same number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation, is a fundamental feature of chemical reactions. In metabolic network models, this property is typically verified on a reaction-by-reaction basis. In this paper we show how violations of elemental balance can be efficiently detected in an entire network, without the need for specifying the chemical formula of each of the metabolites, which enhances a modeler's ability to automatically verify that their model satisfies elemental balance. Our method makes use of duality theory, linear programming, and mixed integer linear programming, and runs efficiently on genome-scale metabolic networks (GSMNs). We detect elemental balance violations in 40 out of 84 metabolic network models in the BiGG database. We also identify a short list of reactions that are candidates for being elementally imbalanced. Out of these candidates, nearly half turn out to be truly imbalanced reactions, and the rest can be seen as witnesses of elemental balance violations elsewhere in the network. The majority of these violations involve a proton imbalance, a known challenge of metabolic network reconstruction. Our approach is efficient, easy to use and powerful. It can be helpful to metabolic network modelers during model verification. Our methods are fully integrated into the MONGOOSE software suite and are available at https://github.com/WGS-TB/MongooseGUI3.
Cite as

Hooman Zabeti, Tamon Stephen, Bonnie Berger, and Leonid Chindelevitch. A Duality-Based Method for Identifying Elemental Balance Violations in Metabolic Network Models. In 18th International Workshop on Algorithms in Bioinformatics (WABI 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 113, pp. 1:1-1:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)

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@InProceedings{zabeti_et_al:LIPIcs.WABI.2018.1,
  author =	{Zabeti, Hooman and Stephen, Tamon and Berger, Bonnie and Chindelevitch, Leonid},
  title =	{{A Duality-Based Method for Identifying Elemental Balance Violations in Metabolic Network Models}},
  booktitle =	{18th International Workshop on Algorithms in Bioinformatics (WABI 2018)},
  pages =	{1:1--1:13},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-082-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{113},
  editor =	{Parida, Laxmi and Ukkonen, Esko},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.WABI.2018.1},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-93034},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.WABI.2018.1},
  annote =	{Keywords: Metabolic network analysis, elemental imbalance, linear programming, model verification}
}
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