12 Search Results for "Palamidessi, Catuscia"

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2024.33
Correctly Compiling Proofs About Programs Without Proving Compilers Correct

Authors: Audrey Seo, Christopher Lam, Dan Grossman, and Talia Ringer

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 309, 15th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2024)

Abstract
Guaranteeing correct compilation is nearly synonymous with compiler verification. However, the correctness guarantees for certified compilers and translation validation can be stronger than we need. While many compilers do have incorrect behavior, even when a compiler bug occurs it may not change the program’s behavior meaningfully with respect to its specification. Many real-world specifications are necessarily partial in that they do not completely specify all of a program’s behavior. While compiler verification and formal methods have had great success for safety-critical systems, there are magnitudes more code, such as math libraries, compiled with incorrect compilers, that would benefit from a guarantee of its partial specification. This paper explores a technique to get guarantees about compiled programs even in the presence of an unverified, or even incorrect, compiler. Our workflow compiles programs, specifications, and proof objects, from an embedded source language and logic to an embedded target language and logic. We implement two simple imperative languages, each with its own Hoare-style program logic, and a system for instantiating proof compilers out of compilers between these two languages that fulfill certain equational conditions in Coq. We instantiate our system on four compilers: one that is incomplete, two that are incorrect, and one that is correct but unverified. We use these instances to compile Hoare proofs for several programs, and we are able to leverage compiled proofs to assist in proofs of larger programs. Our proof compiler system is formally proven sound in Coq. We demonstrate how our approach enables strong target program guarantees even in the presence of incorrect compilation, opening up new options for which proof burdens one might shoulder instead of, or in addition to, compiler correctness.
Cite as

Audrey Seo, Christopher Lam, Dan Grossman, and Talia Ringer. Correctly Compiling Proofs About Programs Without Proving Compilers Correct. In 15th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 309, pp. 33:1-33:20, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{seo_et_al:LIPIcs.ITP.2024.33,
  author =	{Seo, Audrey and Lam, Christopher and Grossman, Dan and Ringer, Talia},
  title =	{{Correctly Compiling Proofs About Programs Without Proving Compilers Correct}},
  booktitle =	{15th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2024)},
  pages =	{33:1--33:20},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-337-9},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{309},
  editor =	{Bertot, Yves and Kutsia, Temur and Norrish, Michael},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2024.33},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-207612},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2024.33},
  annote =	{Keywords: proof transformations, compiler validation, program logics, proof engineering}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2024.7
Fairness and Consensus in an Asynchronous Opinion Model for Social Networks

Authors: Jesús Aranda, Sebastián Betancourt, Juan Fco. Díaz, and Frank Valencia

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 311, 35th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2024)

Abstract
We introduce a DeGroot-based model for opinion dynamics in social networks. A community of agents is represented as a weighted directed graph whose edges indicate how much agents influence one another. The model is formalized using labeled transition systems, henceforth called opinion transition systems (OTS), whose states represent the agents' opinions and whose actions are the edges of the influence graph. If a transition labeled (i,j) is performed, agent j updates their opinion taking into account the opinion of agent i and the influence i has over j. We study (convergence to) opinion consensus among the agents of strongly-connected graphs with influence values in the interval (0,1). We show that consensus cannot be guaranteed under the standard strong fairness assumption on transition systems. We derive that consensus is guaranteed under a stronger notion from the literature of concurrent systems; bounded fairness. We argue that bounded-fairness is too strong of a notion for consensus as it almost surely rules out random runs and it is not a constructive liveness property. We introduce a weaker fairness notion, called m-bounded fairness, and show that it guarantees consensus. The new notion includes almost surely all random runs and it is a constructive liveness property. Finally, we consider OTS with dynamic influence and show convergence to consensus holds under m-bounded fairness if the influence changes within a fixed interval [L,U] with 0 < L < U < 1. We illustrate OTS with examples and simulations, offering insights into opinion formation under fairness and dynamic influence.
Cite as

Jesús Aranda, Sebastián Betancourt, Juan Fco. Díaz, and Frank Valencia. Fairness and Consensus in an Asynchronous Opinion Model for Social Networks. In 35th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 311, pp. 7:1-7:17, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{aranda_et_al:LIPIcs.CONCUR.2024.7,
  author =	{Aranda, Jes\'{u}s and Betancourt, Sebasti\'{a}n and D{\'\i}az, Juan Fco. and Valencia, Frank},
  title =	{{Fairness and Consensus in an Asynchronous Opinion Model for Social Networks}},
  booktitle =	{35th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2024)},
  pages =	{7:1--7:17},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-339-3},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{311},
  editor =	{Majumdar, Rupak and Silva, Alexandra},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2024.7},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-207794},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2024.7},
  annote =	{Keywords: Social networks, fairness, DeGroot, consensus, asynchrony}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2024.20
Behavioural Metrics: Compositionality of the Kantorovich Lifting and an Application to Up-To Techniques

Authors: Keri D'Angelo, Sebastian Gurke, Johanna Maria Kirss, Barbara König, Matina Najafi, Wojciech Różowski, and Paul Wild

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 311, 35th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2024)

Abstract
Behavioural distances of transition systems modelled via coalgebras for endofunctors generalize traditional notions of behavioural equivalence to a quantitative setting, in which states are equipped with a measure of how (dis)similar they are. Endowing transition systems with such distances essentially relies on the ability to lift functors describing the one-step behavior of the transition systems to the category of pseudometric spaces. We consider the category theoretic generalization of the Kantorovich lifting from transportation theory to the case of lifting functors to quantale-valued relations, which subsumes equivalences, preorders and (directed) metrics. We use tools from fibred category theory, which allow one to see the Kantorovich lifting as arising from an appropriate fibred adjunction. Our main contributions are compositionality results for the Kantorovich lifting, where we show that that the lifting of a composed functor coincides with the composition of the liftings. In addition, we describe how to lift distributive laws in the case where one of the two functors is polynomial (with finite coproducts). These results are essential ingredients for adapting up-to-techniques to the case of quantale-valued behavioural distances. Up-to techniques are a well-known coinductive technique for efficiently showing lower bounds for behavioural distances. We illustrate the results of our paper in two case studies.
Cite as

Keri D'Angelo, Sebastian Gurke, Johanna Maria Kirss, Barbara König, Matina Najafi, Wojciech Różowski, and Paul Wild. Behavioural Metrics: Compositionality of the Kantorovich Lifting and an Application to Up-To Techniques. In 35th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 311, pp. 20:1-20:19, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{dangelo_et_al:LIPIcs.CONCUR.2024.20,
  author =	{D'Angelo, Keri and Gurke, Sebastian and Kirss, Johanna Maria and K\"{o}nig, Barbara and Najafi, Matina and R\'{o}\.{z}owski, Wojciech and Wild, Paul},
  title =	{{Behavioural Metrics: Compositionality of the Kantorovich Lifting and an Application to Up-To Techniques}},
  booktitle =	{35th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2024)},
  pages =	{20:1--20:19},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-339-3},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{311},
  editor =	{Majumdar, Rupak and Silva, Alexandra},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2024.20},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-207921},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2024.20},
  annote =	{Keywords: behavioural metrics, coalgebra, Galois connections, quantales, Kantorovich lifting, up-to techniques}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2024.37
A Spectrum of Approximate Probabilistic Bisimulations

Authors: Timm Spork, Christel Baier, Joost-Pieter Katoen, Jakob Piribauer, and Tim Quatmann

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 311, 35th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2024)

Abstract
This paper studies various notions of approximate probabilistic bisimulation on labeled Markov chains (LMCs). We introduce approximate versions of weak and branching bisimulation, as well as a notion of ε-perturbed bisimulation that relates LMCs that can be made (exactly) probabilistically bisimilar by small perturbations of their transition probabilities. We explore how the notions interrelate and establish their connections to other well-known notions like ε-bisimulation.
Cite as

Timm Spork, Christel Baier, Joost-Pieter Katoen, Jakob Piribauer, and Tim Quatmann. A Spectrum of Approximate Probabilistic Bisimulations. In 35th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 311, pp. 37:1-37:19, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{spork_et_al:LIPIcs.CONCUR.2024.37,
  author =	{Spork, Timm and Baier, Christel and Katoen, Joost-Pieter and Piribauer, Jakob and Quatmann, Tim},
  title =	{{A Spectrum of Approximate Probabilistic Bisimulations}},
  booktitle =	{35th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2024)},
  pages =	{37:1--37:19},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-339-3},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{311},
  editor =	{Majumdar, Rupak and Silva, Alexandra},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2024.37},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-208099},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2024.37},
  annote =	{Keywords: Markov chains, Approximate bisimulation, Abstraction, Model checking}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.WABI.2024.5
Memoization on Shared Subtrees Accelerates Computations on Genealogical Forests

Authors: Lukas Hübner and Alexandros Stamatakis

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 312, 24th International Workshop on Algorithms in Bioinformatics (WABI 2024)

Abstract
The field of population genetics attempts to advance our understanding of evolutionary processes. It has applications, for example, in medical research, wildlife conservation, and - in conjunction with recent advances in ancient DNA sequencing technology - studying human migration patterns over the past few thousand years. The basic toolbox of population genetics includes genealogical trees, which describe the shared evolutionary history among individuals of the same species. They are calculated on the basis of genetic variations. However, in recombining organisms, a single tree is insufficient to describe the evolutionary history of the whole genome. Instead, a collection of correlated trees can be used, where each describes the evolutionary history of a consecutive region of the genome. The current corresponding state of-the-art data structure, tree sequences, compresses these genealogical trees via edit operations when moving from one tree to the next along the genome instead of storing the full, often redundant, description for each tree. We propose a new data structure, genealogical forests, which compresses the set of genealogical trees into a DAG. In this DAG identical subtrees that are shared across the input trees are encoded only once, thereby allowing for straight-forward memoization of intermediate results. Additionally, we provide a C++ implementation of our proposed data structure, called gfkit, which is 2.1 to 11.2 (median 4.0) times faster than the state-of-the-art tool on empirical and simulated datasets at computing important population genetics statistics such as the Allele Frequency Spectrum, Patterson’s f, the Fixation Index, Tajima’s D, pairwise Lowest Common Ancestors, and others. On Lowest Common Ancestor queries with more than two samples as input, gfkit scales asymptotically better than the state-of-the-art, and is thus up to 990 times faster. In conclusion, our proposed data structure compresses genealogical trees by storing shared subtrees only once, thereby enabling straight-forward memoization of intermediate results, yielding a substantial runtime reduction and a potentially more intuitive data representation over the state-of-the-art. Our improvements will boost the development of novel analyses and models in the field of population genetics and increases scalability to ever-growing genomic datasets.
Cite as

Lukas Hübner and Alexandros Stamatakis. Memoization on Shared Subtrees Accelerates Computations on Genealogical Forests. In 24th International Workshop on Algorithms in Bioinformatics (WABI 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 312, pp. 5:1-5:22, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{hubner_et_al:LIPIcs.WABI.2024.5,
  author =	{H\"{u}bner, Lukas and Stamatakis, Alexandros},
  title =	{{Memoization on Shared Subtrees Accelerates Computations on Genealogical Forests}},
  booktitle =	{24th International Workshop on Algorithms in Bioinformatics (WABI 2024)},
  pages =	{5:1--5:22},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-340-9},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{312},
  editor =	{Pissis, Solon P. and Sung, Wing-Kin},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.WABI.2024.5},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-206499},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.WABI.2024.5},
  annote =	{Keywords: bioinformatics, population genetics, algorithms}
}
Document
Track A: Algorithms, Complexity and Games
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2024.101
On the Space Usage of Approximate Distance Oracles with Sub-2 Stretch

Authors: Tsvi Kopelowitz, Ariel Korin, and Liam Roditty

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 297, 51st International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2024)

Abstract
For an undirected unweighted graph G = (V,E) with n vertices and m edges, let d(u,v) denote the distance from u ∈ V to v ∈ V in G. An (α,β)-stretch approximate distance oracle (ADO) for G is a data structure that given u,v ∈ V returns in constant (or near constant) time a value dˆ(u,v) such that d(u,v) ≤ dˆ(u,v) ≤ α⋅ d(u,v) + β, for some reals α > 1, β. Thorup and Zwick [Mikkel Thorup and Uri Zwick, 2005] showed that one cannot beat stretch 3 with subquadratic space (in terms of n) for general graphs. Pǎtraşcu and Roditty [Mihai Pǎtraşcu and Liam Roditty, 2010] showed that one can obtain stretch 2 using O(m^{1/3}n^{4/3}) space, and so if m is subquadratic in n then the space usage is also subquadratic. Moreover, Pǎtraşcu and Roditty [Mihai Pǎtraşcu and Liam Roditty, 2010] showed that one cannot beat stretch 2 with subquadratic space even for graphs where m = Õ(n), based on the set-intersection hypothesis. In this paper we explore the conditions for which an ADO can beat stretch 2 while using subquadratic space. In particular, we show that if the maximum degree in G is Δ_G ≤ O(n^{1/k-ε}) for some 0 < ε ≤ 1/k, then there exists an ADO for G that uses Õ(n^{2-(kε)/3) space and has a (2,1-k)-stretch. For k = 2 this result implies a subquadratic sub-2 stretch ADO for graphs with Δ_G ≤ O(n^{1/2-ε}). Moreover, we prove a conditional lower bound, based on the set intersection hypothesis, which states that for any positive integer k ≤ log n, obtaining a sub-(k+2)/k stretch for graphs with Δ_G = Θ(n^{1/k}) requires Ω̃(n²) space. Thus, for graphs with maximum degree Θ(n^{1/2}), obtaining a sub-2 stretch requires Ω̃(n²) space.
Cite as

Tsvi Kopelowitz, Ariel Korin, and Liam Roditty. On the Space Usage of Approximate Distance Oracles with Sub-2 Stretch. In 51st International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 297, pp. 101:1-101:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{kopelowitz_et_al:LIPIcs.ICALP.2024.101,
  author =	{Kopelowitz, Tsvi and Korin, Ariel and Roditty, Liam},
  title =	{{On the Space Usage of Approximate Distance Oracles with Sub-2 Stretch}},
  booktitle =	{51st International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2024)},
  pages =	{101:1--101:18},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-322-5},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{297},
  editor =	{Bringmann, Karl and Grohe, Martin and Puppis, Gabriele and Svensson, Ola},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2024.101},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-202443},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2024.101},
  annote =	{Keywords: Graph algorithms, Approximate distance oracle, data structures, shortest path}
}
Document
Invited Paper
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2021.1
CONCUR Test-Of-Time Award 2021 (Invited Paper)

Authors: Nathalie Bertrand, Luca de Alfaro, Rob van Glabbeek, Catuscia Palamidessi, and Nobuko Yoshida

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 203, 32nd International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2021)

Abstract
This short article announces the recipients of the CONCUR Test-of-Time Award 2021.
Cite as

Nathalie Bertrand, Luca de Alfaro, Rob van Glabbeek, Catuscia Palamidessi, and Nobuko Yoshida. CONCUR Test-Of-Time Award 2021 (Invited Paper). In 32nd International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 203, pp. 1:1-1:3, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)

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@InProceedings{bertrand_et_al:LIPIcs.CONCUR.2021.1,
  author =	{Bertrand, Nathalie and de Alfaro, Luca and van Glabbeek, Rob and Palamidessi, Catuscia and Yoshida, Nobuko},
  title =	{{CONCUR Test-Of-Time Award 2021}},
  booktitle =	{32nd International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2021)},
  pages =	{1:1--1:3},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-203-7},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{203},
  editor =	{Haddad, Serge and Varacca, Daniele},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2021.1},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-143786},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2021.1},
  annote =	{Keywords: Concurrency, CONCUR Test-of-Time Award}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.Gabbrielli.11
Derivation of Constraints from Machine Learning Models and Applications to Security and Privacy

Authors: Moreno Falaschi, Catuscia Palamidessi, and Marco Romanelli

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 86, Recent Developments in the Design and Implementation of Programming Languages (2020)

Abstract
This paper shows how we can combine the power of machine learning with the flexibility of constraints. More specifically, we show how machine learning models can be represented by first-order logic theories, and how to derive these theories. The advantage of this representation is that it can be augmented with additional formulae, representing constraints of some kind on the data domain. For instance, new knowledge, or potential attackers, or fairness desiderata. We consider various kinds of learning algorithms (neural networks, k-nearest-neighbours, decision trees, support vector machines) and for each of them we show how to infer the FOL formulae. Then we focus on one particular application domain, namely the field of security and privacy. The idea is to represent the potentialities and goals of the attacker as a set of constraints, then use a constraint solver (more precisely, a solver modulo theories) to verify the satisfiability. If a solution exists, then it means that an attack is possible, otherwise, the system is safe. We show various examples from different areas of security and privacy; specifically, we consider a side-channel attack on a password checker, a malware attack on smart health systems, and a model-inversion attack on a neural network.
Cite as

Moreno Falaschi, Catuscia Palamidessi, and Marco Romanelli. Derivation of Constraints from Machine Learning Models and Applications to Security and Privacy. In Recent Developments in the Design and Implementation of Programming Languages. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 86, pp. 11:1-11:20, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)

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@InProceedings{falaschi_et_al:OASIcs.Gabbrielli.11,
  author =	{Falaschi, Moreno and Palamidessi, Catuscia and Romanelli, Marco},
  title =	{{Derivation of Constraints from Machine Learning Models and Applications to Security and Privacy}},
  booktitle =	{Recent Developments in the Design and Implementation of Programming Languages},
  pages =	{11:1--11:20},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-171-9},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2020},
  volume =	{86},
  editor =	{de Boer, Frank S. and Mauro, Jacopo},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.Gabbrielli.11},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-132338},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.Gabbrielli.11},
  annote =	{Keywords: Constraints, machine learning, privacy, security}
}
Document
Invited Paper
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2020.4
Modern Applications of Game-Theoretic Principles (Invited Paper)

Authors: Catuscia Palamidessi and Marco Romanelli

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 171, 31st International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2020)

Abstract
Game theory is the study of the strategic behavior of rational decision makers who are aware that their decisions affect one another. Its simple but universal principles have found applications in the most diverse disciplines, including economics, social sciences, evolutionary biology, as well as logic, system science and computer science. Despite its long-standing tradition and its many advances, game theory is still a young and developing science. In this paper, we describe some recent and exciting applications in the fields of machine learning and privacy.
Cite as

Catuscia Palamidessi and Marco Romanelli. Modern Applications of Game-Theoretic Principles (Invited Paper). In 31st International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2020). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 171, pp. 4:1-4:9, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)

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@InProceedings{palamidessi_et_al:LIPIcs.CONCUR.2020.4,
  author =	{Palamidessi, Catuscia and Romanelli, Marco},
  title =	{{Modern Applications of Game-Theoretic Principles}},
  booktitle =	{31st International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2020)},
  pages =	{4:1--4:9},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-160-3},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2020},
  volume =	{171},
  editor =	{Konnov, Igor and Kov\'{a}cs, Laura},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2020.4},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-128167},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2020.4},
  annote =	{Keywords: Game theory, machine learning, privacy, security}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2016.35
Up-To Techniques for Generalized Bisimulation Metrics

Authors: Konstantinos Chatzikokolakis, Catuscia Palamidessi, and Valeria Vignudelli

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 59, 27th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2016)

Abstract
Bisimulation metrics allow us to compute distances between the behaviors of probabilistic systems. In this paper we present enhancements of the proof method based on bisimulation metrics, by extending the theory of up-to techniques to (pre)metrics on discrete probabilistic concurrent processes. Up-to techniques have proved to be a powerful proof method for showing that two systems are bisimilar, since they make it possible to build (and thereby check) smaller relations in bisimulation proofs. We define soundness conditions for up-to techniques on metrics, and study compatibility properties that allow us to safely compose up-to techniques with each other. As an example, we derive the soundness of the up-to-bisimilarity-metric-and-context technique. The study is carried out for a generalized version of the bisimulation metrics, in which the Kantorovich lifting is parametrized with respect to a distance function. The standard bisimulation metrics, as well as metrics aimed at capturing multiplicative properties such as differential privacy, are specific instances of this general definition.
Cite as

Konstantinos Chatzikokolakis, Catuscia Palamidessi, and Valeria Vignudelli. Up-To Techniques for Generalized Bisimulation Metrics. In 27th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2016). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 59, pp. 35:1-35:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2016)

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@InProceedings{chatzikokolakis_et_al:LIPIcs.CONCUR.2016.35,
  author =	{Chatzikokolakis, Konstantinos and Palamidessi, Catuscia and Vignudelli, Valeria},
  title =	{{Up-To Techniques for Generalized Bisimulation Metrics}},
  booktitle =	{27th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2016)},
  pages =	{35:1--35:14},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-017-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2016},
  volume =	{59},
  editor =	{Desharnais, Jos\'{e}e and Jagadeesan, Radha},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2016.35},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-61793},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2016.35},
  annote =	{Keywords: bisimulation, metrics, up-to techniques, Kantorovich, differential privacy}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagRep.2.11.135
Quantitative Security Analysis (Dagstuhl Seminar 12481)

Authors: Boris Köpf, Paquale Malacaria, and Catuscia Palamidessi

Published in: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 2, Issue 11 (2013)

Abstract
The high amount of trust put into today's software systems calls for a rigorous analysis of their security. Unfortunately, security is often in conflict with requirements on the functionality or the performance of a system, making perfect security an impossible or overly expensive goal. Under such constraints, the relevant question is not whether a system is secure, but rather how much security it provides. Quantitative notions of security can express degrees of protection and thus enable reasoning about the trade-off between security and conflicting requirements. Corresponding quantitative security analyses bear the potential of becoming an important tool for the rigorous development of practical systems, and a formal foundation for the management of security risks.
Cite as

Boris Köpf, Paquale Malacaria, and Catuscia Palamidessi. Quantitative Security Analysis (Dagstuhl Seminar 12481). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 2, Issue 11, pp. 135-154, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2013)

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@Article{kopf_et_al:DagRep.2.11.135,
  author =	{K\"{o}pf, Boris and Malacaria, Paquale and Palamidessi, Catuscia},
  title =	{{Quantitative Security Analysis (Dagstuhl Seminar 12481)}},
  pages =	{135--154},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Reports},
  ISSN =	{2192-5283},
  year =	{2013},
  volume =	{2},
  number =	{11},
  editor =	{K\"{o}pf, Boris and Malacaria, Paquale and Palamidessi, Catuscia},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.2.11.135},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-39824},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagRep.2.11.135},
  annote =	{Keywords: Security, Privacy,Information theory, Programming languages, Formal methods}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.05081.8
Probabilistic Anonymity

Authors: Catuscia Palamidessi and Mohit Bhargava

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 5081, Foundations of Global Computing (2006)

Abstract
The concept of anonymity comes into play in a wide range of situations, varying from voting and anonymous donations to postings on bulletin boards and sending mails. A formal definition of this concept has been given in literature in terms of nondeterminism. In this paper, we investigate a notion of anonymity based on probability theory, and we we discuss the relation with the nondeterministic one. We then formulate this definition in terms of observables for processes in the probabilistic $pi$-calculus, and propose a method to verify automatically the anonymity property. We illustrate the method by using the example of the dining cryptographers.
Cite as

Catuscia Palamidessi and Mohit Bhargava. Probabilistic Anonymity. In Foundations of Global Computing. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 5081, pp. 1-25, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2006)

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@InProceedings{palamidessi_et_al:DagSemProc.05081.8,
  author =	{Palamidessi, Catuscia and Bhargava, Mohit},
  title =	{{Probabilistic Anonymity}},
  booktitle =	{Foundations of Global Computing},
  pages =	{1--25},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2006},
  volume =	{5081},
  editor =	{Jos\'{e} Luiz Fiadeiro and Ugo Montanari and Martin Wirsing},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.05081.8},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-2992},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.05081.8},
  annote =	{Keywords: Anonymity, probability theory, process calculi}
}
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