63 Search Results for "Verhagen, Harko"

Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagRep.5.3.162
Normative Multi-Agent Systems (Dagstuhl Seminar 15131)

Authors: Amit K. Chopra, Leon van der Torre, Harko Verhagen, and Serena Villata

Published in: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 5, Issue 3 (2015)

Abstract
This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 15131 "Normative Multi-Agent Systems". Normative systems are systems in the behavior of which norms play a role and which need normative concepts in order to be described or specified. A normative multi-agent system combines models for normative systems (dealing for example with obligations, permissions and prohibitions) with models for multi-agent systems. Normative multi-agent systems provide a promising model for human and artificial agent coordination because they integrate norms and individual intelligence. They are a prime example of the use of sociological theories in multi-agent systems, and therefore of the relation between agent theory—both multi-agent systems and autonomous agents—and the social sciences—sociology, philosophy, economics, legal science, etc. The aim of this Dagstuhl Seminar was to feature two fresh themes in broader computing and software engineering: social computing and governance. These themes are highly interdisciplinary, bringing together research strands from computing, information sciences, economics, sociology, and psychology. Further there is considerable excitement about these areas in academia, industry, and public policy organizations. Our third theme was agreement technologies, a more traditional topic but nonetheless relevant for the NorMAS community. A norm is a fundamental social construct. Norms define the essential fabric of a society. Our purpose in this seminar was to explore the connections of norms to each of the themes, especially from a computational perspective. Moreover, the seminar has been conceived for the writing of a volume titled "Handbook of Normative Multi Agent Systems" aimed to become a standard reference in the field and to provide guidelines for future research in normative multi-agent systems.
Cite as

Amit K. Chopra, Leon van der Torre, Harko Verhagen, and Serena Villata. Normative Multi-Agent Systems (Dagstuhl Seminar 15131). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 5, Issue 3, pp. 162-176, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2015)

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@Article{chopra_et_al:DagRep.5.3.162,
  author =	{Chopra, Amit K. and van der Torre, Leon and Verhagen, Harko and Villata, Serena},
  title =	{{Normative Multi-Agent Systems (Dagstuhl Seminar 15131)}},
  pages =	{162--176},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Reports},
  ISSN =	{2192-5283},
  year =	{2015},
  volume =	{5},
  number =	{3},
  editor =	{Chopra, Amit K. and van der Torre, Leon and Verhagen, Harko and Villata, Serena},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.5.3.162},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-52710},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagRep.5.3.162},
  annote =	{Keywords: Normative Multiagent Systems, Autonomous agents and Multiagent systems, Social Computing, Governance, Agreement Technologies, Norms}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DFU.Vol4.12111.171
Simulation and NorMAS

Authors: Tina Balke, Stephen Cranefield, Gennaro Di Tosto, Samhar Mahmoud, Mario Paolucci, Bastin Tony Roy Savarimuthu, and Harko Verhagen

Published in: Dagstuhl Follow-Ups, Volume 4, Normative Multi-Agent Systems (2013)

Abstract
In this chapter, we discuss state of the art and future perspective of the study of norms with simulative methodologies, in particular employing agent-based simulation. After presenting the state of the art and framing the simulative research on norms in a norm life-cycle schema, we list those research challenges that we feel more apt to be tackled by the simulative approach. We conclude the chapter with the indications for the realization of a NorMAS simulation platform, illustrated by selected scenarios.
Cite as

Tina Balke, Stephen Cranefield, Gennaro Di Tosto, Samhar Mahmoud, Mario Paolucci, Bastin Tony Roy Savarimuthu, and Harko Verhagen. Simulation and NorMAS. In Normative Multi-Agent Systems. Dagstuhl Follow-Ups, Volume 4, pp. 171-189, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2013)

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@InCollection{balke_et_al:DFU.Vol4.12111.171,
  author =	{Balke, Tina and Cranefield, Stephen and Di Tosto, Gennaro and Mahmoud, Samhar and Paolucci, Mario and Savarimuthu, Bastin Tony Roy and Verhagen, Harko},
  title =	{{Simulation and NorMAS}},
  booktitle =	{Normative Multi-Agent Systems},
  pages =	{171--189},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Follow-Ups},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-51-4},
  ISSN =	{1868-8977},
  year =	{2013},
  volume =	{4},
  editor =	{Andrighetto, Giulia and Governatori, Guido and Noriega, Pablo and van der Torre, Leendert W. N.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DFU.Vol4.12111.171},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-40030},
  doi =		{10.4230/DFU.Vol4.12111.171},
  annote =	{Keywords: Simulation, Norms, MAS}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DFU.Vol4.12111.191
The Uses of Norms

Authors: Munindar P. Singh, Matthew Arrott, Tina Balke, Amit K. Chopra, Rob Christiaanse, Stephen Cranefield, Frank Dignum, Davide Eynard, Emilia Farcas, Nicoletta Fornara, Fabien Gandon, Guido Governatori, Hoa Khanh Dam, Joris Hulstijn, Ingolf Krueger, Ho-Pun Lam, Michael Meisinger, Pablo Noriega, Bastin Tony Roy Savarimuthu, Kartik Tadanki, Harko Verhagen, and Serena Villata

Published in: Dagstuhl Follow-Ups, Volume 4, Normative Multi-Agent Systems (2013)

Abstract
This chapter presents a variety of applications of norms. These applications include governance in sociotechnical systems, data licensing and data collection, understanding software development teams, requirements engineering, assurance, natural resource allocation, wireless grids, autonomous vehicles, serious games, and virtual worlds.
Cite as

Munindar P. Singh, Matthew Arrott, Tina Balke, Amit K. Chopra, Rob Christiaanse, Stephen Cranefield, Frank Dignum, Davide Eynard, Emilia Farcas, Nicoletta Fornara, Fabien Gandon, Guido Governatori, Hoa Khanh Dam, Joris Hulstijn, Ingolf Krueger, Ho-Pun Lam, Michael Meisinger, Pablo Noriega, Bastin Tony Roy Savarimuthu, Kartik Tadanki, Harko Verhagen, and Serena Villata. The Uses of Norms. In Normative Multi-Agent Systems. Dagstuhl Follow-Ups, Volume 4, pp. 191-229, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2013)

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@InCollection{singh_et_al:DFU.Vol4.12111.191,
  author =	{Singh, Munindar P. and Arrott, Matthew and Balke, Tina and Chopra, Amit K. and Christiaanse, Rob and Cranefield, Stephen and Dignum, Frank and Eynard, Davide and Farcas, Emilia and Fornara, Nicoletta and Gandon, Fabien and Governatori, Guido and Khanh Dam, Hoa and Hulstijn, Joris and Krueger, Ingolf and Lam, Ho-Pun and Meisinger, Michael and Noriega, Pablo and Savarimuthu, Bastin Tony Roy and Tadanki, Kartik and Verhagen, Harko and Villata, Serena},
  title =	{{The Uses of Norms}},
  booktitle =	{Normative Multi-Agent Systems},
  pages =	{191--229},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Follow-Ups},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-51-4},
  ISSN =	{1868-8977},
  year =	{2013},
  volume =	{4},
  editor =	{Andrighetto, Giulia and Governatori, Guido and Noriega, Pablo and van der Torre, Leendert W. N.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DFU.Vol4.12111.191},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-40047},
  doi =		{10.4230/DFU.Vol4.12111.191},
  annote =	{Keywords: Norms, MAS, Governance, Requirements engineering}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.1
09121 Abstracts Collection – Normative Multi-Agent Systems

Authors: Guido Boella, Pablo Noriega, and Gabriella Pigozzi

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9121, Normative Multi-Agent Systems (2009)

Abstract
From 15.03. to 20.03.2009, the Dagstuhl Seminar 09121 ``Normative Multi-Agent Systems '' was held in Schloss Dagstuhl~--~Leibniz Center for Informatics. During the seminar, several participants presented their current research, and ongoing work and open problems were discussed. Abstracts of the presentations given during the seminar as well as abstracts of seminar results and ideas are put together in this paper. The first section describes the seminar topics and goals in general.
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Guido Boella, Pablo Noriega, and Gabriella Pigozzi. 09121 Abstracts Collection – Normative Multi-Agent Systems. In Normative Multi-Agent Systems. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9121, pp. 1-17, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2009)

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@InProceedings{boella_et_al:DagSemProc.09121.1,
  author =	{Boella, Guido and Noriega, Pablo and Pigozzi, Gabriella},
  title =	{{09121 Abstracts Collection – Normative Multi-Agent Systems}},
  booktitle =	{Normative Multi-Agent Systems},
  pages =	{1--17},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2009},
  volume =	{9121},
  editor =	{Guido Boella and Pablo Noriega and Gabriella Pigozzi and Harko Verhagen},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.1},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-19229},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.1},
  annote =	{Keywords: Similarity-based clustering and classification, metric adaptation and kernel design, learning on graphs, spatiotemporal data}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.2
Normative Systems in Computer Science - Ten Guidelines for Normative Multiagent Systems

Authors: Guido Boella, Gabriella Pigozzi, and Leendert van der Torre

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9121, Normative Multi-Agent Systems (2009)

Abstract
In this paper we introduce and discuss ten guidelines for the use of normative systems in computer science. We adopt a multiagent sys- tems perspective, because norms are used to coordinate, organize, guide, regulate or control interaction among distributed autonomous systems. The first six guidelines are derived from the computer science literature. From the so-called ‘normchange’ definition of the first workshop on nor- mative multiagent systems in 2005 we derive the guidelines to motivate which definition of normative multiagent system is used, to make explicit why norms are a kind of (soft) constraints deserving special analysis, and to explain why and how norms can be changed at runtime. From the so-called ‘mechanism design’ definition of the second workshop on nor- mative multiagent systems in 2007 we derive the guidelines to discuss the use and role of norms as a mechanism in a game-theoretic setting, clarify the role of norms in the multiagent system, and to relate the no- tion of “norm” to the legal, social, or moral literature. The remaining four guidelines follow from the philosophical literature: use norms also to resolve dilemmas, and in general to coordinate, organize, guide, regulate or control interaction among agents, distinguish norms from obligations, prohibitions and permissions, use the deontic paradoxes only to illustrate the normative multiagent system, and consider regulative norms in rela- tion to other kinds of norms and other social-cognitive computer science concepts.
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Guido Boella, Gabriella Pigozzi, and Leendert van der Torre. Normative Systems in Computer Science - Ten Guidelines for Normative Multiagent Systems. In Normative Multi-Agent Systems. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9121, pp. 1-21, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2009)

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@InProceedings{boella_et_al:DagSemProc.09121.2,
  author =	{Boella, Guido and Pigozzi, Gabriella and van der Torre, Leendert},
  title =	{{Normative Systems in Computer Science - Ten Guidelines for Normative Multiagent Systems}},
  booktitle =	{Normative Multi-Agent Systems},
  pages =	{1--21},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2009},
  volume =	{9121},
  editor =	{Guido Boella and Pablo Noriega and Gabriella Pigozzi and Harko Verhagen},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.2},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-19029},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.2},
  annote =	{Keywords: Normative systems - Guidelines - Norms - Multiagent systems - Deontic logic}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.3
A categorization of simulation works on norms

Authors: Bastin Tony Roy Savarimuthu and Stephen Cranefield

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9121, Normative Multi-Agent Systems (2009)

Abstract
In multi-agent systems, software agents are modelled to possess characteristics and behaviour borrowed from human societies. Norms are expectations of behaviours of the agents in a society. Norms can be established in a society in different ways. In human societies, there are several types of norms such as moral norms, social norms and legal norms (laws). In artificial agent societies, the designers can impose these norms on the agents. Being autonomous, agents might not always follow the norms. Monitoring and controlling mechanisms should be in place to enforce norms. As the agents are autonomous, they themselves can evolve new norms while adapting to changing needs. In order to design and develop robust artificial agent societies, it is important to understand different approaches proposed by researchers by which norms can spread and emerge within agent societies. This paper makes two contributions to the study of norms. Firstly, based on the simulation works on norms, we propose a life-cycle model for norms. Secondly, we discuss different mechanisms used by researchers to study norm creation, spreading, enforcement and emergence.
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Bastin Tony Roy Savarimuthu and Stephen Cranefield. A categorization of simulation works on norms. In Normative Multi-Agent Systems. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9121, pp. 1-20, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2009)

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@InProceedings{savarimuthu_et_al:DagSemProc.09121.3,
  author =	{Savarimuthu, Bastin Tony Roy and Cranefield, Stephen},
  title =	{{A categorization of simulation works on norms}},
  booktitle =	{Normative Multi-Agent Systems},
  pages =	{1--20},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2009},
  volume =	{9121},
  editor =	{Guido Boella and Pablo Noriega and Gabriella Pigozzi and Harko Verhagen},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.3},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-19057},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.3},
  annote =	{Keywords: Norms, creation, spreading, enforcement, emergence}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.4
A convention or (tacit) agreement betwixt us

Authors: Giulia Andrighetto, Luca Tummolini, Cristiano Castelfranchi, and Rosaria Conte

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9121, Normative Multi-Agent Systems (2009)

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to show that conventions are sources of tacit agreements. Such agreements are tacit in the sense that they are implicated by what the agents do (or forbear to do) though without that any communication between them be necessary. Conventions are sources of tacit agreements under two substantial assumptions: (1) that there is a salient interpretation, in some contexts, of every-one’s silence as confirmatory of the others’ expectations, and (2) that the agents share a value of not hostility. To characterize the normativity of agreements the Principle of Reliability is introduced.
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Giulia Andrighetto, Luca Tummolini, Cristiano Castelfranchi, and Rosaria Conte. A convention or (tacit) agreement betwixt us. In Normative Multi-Agent Systems. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9121, pp. 1-28, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2009)

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@InProceedings{andrighetto_et_al:DagSemProc.09121.4,
  author =	{Andrighetto, Giulia and Tummolini, Luca and Castelfranchi, Cristiano and Conte, Rosaria},
  title =	{{A convention or (tacit) agreement betwixt us}},
  booktitle =	{Normative Multi-Agent Systems},
  pages =	{1--28},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2009},
  volume =	{9121},
  editor =	{Guido Boella and Pablo Noriega and Gabriella Pigozzi and Harko Verhagen},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.4},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-19194},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.4},
  annote =	{Keywords: Agreement, convention, norm, pragmatics}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.5
A Conviviality Measure for Early Requirement Phase

Authors: Patrice Caire and Leendert van der Torre

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9121, Normative Multi-Agent Systems (2009)

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the design of convivial multi-agent systems. Conviviality has recently been proposed as a social concept to develop multi-agent systems. In this paper we introduce temporal dependence networks to model the evolution of dependence networks and conviviality over time, we introduce epistemic dependence networks to combine the viewpoints of stakeholders, and we introduce normative dependence networks to model the transformation of social dependencies by hiding power relations and social structures to facilitate social interactions. We show how to use these visual languages in design, and we illustrate the design method using an example on virtual children adoptions.
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Patrice Caire and Leendert van der Torre. A Conviviality Measure for Early Requirement Phase. In Normative Multi-Agent Systems. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9121, pp. 1-16, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2009)

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@InProceedings{caire_et_al:DagSemProc.09121.5,
  author =	{Caire, Patrice and van der Torre, Leendert},
  title =	{{A Conviviality Measure for Early Requirement Phase}},
  booktitle =	{Normative Multi-Agent Systems},
  pages =	{1--16},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2009},
  volume =	{9121},
  editor =	{Guido Boella and Pablo Noriega and Gabriella Pigozzi and Harko Verhagen},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.5},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-18999},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.5},
  annote =	{Keywords: Multi-agent systems}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.6
A Framework for Normative MultiAgent Organisations

Authors: Olivier Boissier and Jomi Fred Hübner

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9121, Normative Multi-Agent Systems (2009)

Abstract
The social and organisational aspects of agency have led to a good amount of theoretical work in terms of formal models and theories. From these different works normative multiagent systems and multiagent organisations are particularily considered in this paper. Embodying such models and theories in the conception and engineering of proper infrastructures that achieve requirements of openness and adaptation, is still an open issue. In this direction, this paper presents and discusses a framework for normative multiagent organisations. Based on the Agents and Artifacts meta-model (A&A), it introduces organisational artifacts as first class entities to instrument the normative organisation for supporting agents activities within it.
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Olivier Boissier and Jomi Fred Hübner. A Framework for Normative MultiAgent Organisations. In Normative Multi-Agent Systems. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9121, pp. 1-25, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2009)

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@InProceedings{boissier_et_al:DagSemProc.09121.6,
  author =	{Boissier, Olivier and H\"{u}bner, Jomi Fred},
  title =	{{A Framework for Normative MultiAgent Organisations}},
  booktitle =	{Normative Multi-Agent Systems},
  pages =	{1--25},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2009},
  volume =	{9121},
  editor =	{Guido Boella and Pablo Noriega and Gabriella Pigozzi and Harko Verhagen},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.6},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-19033},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.6},
  annote =	{Keywords: Normative system, organisation, artifacts, norm enforcement}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.7
A modal logic for reasoning on consistency and completeness of regulations

Authors: Christophe Garion, Stéphanie Roussel, and Laurence Cholvy

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9121, Normative Multi-Agent Systems (2009)

Abstract
In this paper, we deal with regulations that may exist in multi-agent systems in order to regulate agent behaviour and we discuss two properties of regulations, that is consistency and completeness. After defining what consistency and completeness mean, we propose a way to consistently complete incomplete regulations. In this contribution, we extend previous works and we consider that regulations are expressed in a first order modal deontic logic.
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Christophe Garion, Stéphanie Roussel, and Laurence Cholvy. A modal logic for reasoning on consistency and completeness of regulations. In Normative Multi-Agent Systems. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9121, pp. 1-17, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2009)

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@InProceedings{garion_et_al:DagSemProc.09121.7,
  author =	{Garion, Christophe and Roussel, St\'{e}phanie and Cholvy, Laurence},
  title =	{{A modal logic for reasoning on consistency and completeness of regulations}},
  booktitle =	{Normative Multi-Agent Systems},
  pages =	{1--17},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2009},
  volume =	{9121},
  editor =	{Guido Boella and Pablo Noriega and Gabriella Pigozzi and Harko Verhagen},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.7},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-19047},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.7},
  annote =	{Keywords: Regulations, consistency, completeness, deontic logic, default logic}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.8
A note on brute vs. institutional facts

Authors: Davide Grossi

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9121, Normative Multi-Agent Systems (2009)

Abstract
The paper investigates the famous Searlean distinction between "brute" and "institutional" concepts from a logical point of view. We show how the partitioning of the non-logical alphabet—e.g., into "brute" and "institutional" atoms—gives rise to interesting modal properties. A modal logic, called UpTo-logic, is introduced and investigated which formalizes the notion of (propositional) logical equivalence up to a given signature.
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Davide Grossi. A note on brute vs. institutional facts. In Normative Multi-Agent Systems. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9121, pp. 1-10, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2009)

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@InProceedings{grossi:DagSemProc.09121.8,
  author =	{Grossi, Davide},
  title =	{{A note on brute vs. institutional facts}},
  booktitle =	{Normative Multi-Agent Systems},
  pages =	{1--10},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2009},
  volume =	{9121},
  editor =	{Guido Boella and Pablo Noriega and Gabriella Pigozzi and Harko Verhagen},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.8},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-19103},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.8},
  annote =	{Keywords: Modal logic, brute and institutional facts}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.9
A Taxonomy for Ensuring Institutional Compliance in Utility Computing

Authors: Tina Balke

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9121, Normative Multi-Agent Systems (2009)

Abstract
With the ongoing evolution from closed to open distributed systems and the lifting of the assumption that agents acting in such a system do not pursue own goals and act in the best interest of the society, new problems arise. One of them is that compliance cannot be assumed necessarily and consequently trust issues arise. One way of tackling this problem is by regulating the behavior of the agents with the help of institutions. However for institutions to function effectively their compliance needs to be ensured. Using a utility computing scenario as sample application, this paper presents a general applicable taxonomy for ensuring compliance that can be consulted for analyzing, comparing and developing enforcement strategies and hopefully will stimulate research in this area.
Cite as

Tina Balke. A Taxonomy for Ensuring Institutional Compliance in Utility Computing. In Normative Multi-Agent Systems. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9121, pp. 1-17, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2009)

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@InProceedings{balke:DagSemProc.09121.9,
  author =	{Balke, Tina},
  title =	{{A Taxonomy for Ensuring Institutional Compliance in Utility Computing}},
  booktitle =	{Normative Multi-Agent Systems},
  pages =	{1--17},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2009},
  volume =	{9121},
  editor =	{Guido Boella and Pablo Noriega and Gabriella Pigozzi and Harko Verhagen},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.9},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-19012},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.9},
  annote =	{Keywords: Institutions, Compliance, Enforcement, Regimentation, Norms, Sanctions, Utility Computing}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.10
An essay on msic-systems

Authors: Jan Odelstad

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9121, Normative Multi-Agent Systems (2009)

Abstract
A theory of many-sorted implicative conceptual systems (abbreviated msic-systems) is outlined. Examples of msic-systems include legal systems, normative systems, systems of rules and instructions, and systems expressing policies and various kinds of scientific theories. In computer science, msic-systems can be used in, for instance, legal information systems, decision support systems, and multi-agent systems. In this essay, msic-systems are approached from a logical and algebraic perspective aiming at clarifying their structure and developing effective methods for representing them. Of special interest are the most narrow links or joinings between different strata in a system, that is between subsystems of different sorts of concepts, and the intermediate concepts intervening between such strata. Special emphasis is put on normative systems, and the role that intermediate concepts play in such systems, with an eye on knowledge representation issues. In this essay, normative concepts are constructed out of descriptive concepts using operators based on the Kanger-Lindahl theory of normative positions. An abstract architecture for a norm-regulated multi-agent system is suggested, containing a scheme for how normative positions will restrict the set of actions that the agents are permitted to choose from.
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Jan Odelstad. An essay on msic-systems. In Normative Multi-Agent Systems. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9121, pp. 1-39, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2009)

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@InProceedings{odelstad:DagSemProc.09121.10,
  author =	{Odelstad, Jan},
  title =	{{An essay on msic-systems}},
  booktitle =	{Normative Multi-Agent Systems},
  pages =	{1--39},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2009},
  volume =	{9121},
  editor =	{Guido Boella and Pablo Noriega and Gabriella Pigozzi and Harko Verhagen},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.10},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-19146},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.10},
  annote =	{Keywords: Concept formation, Intermediary, Intermediate concept, Legal concept, Normative system, Normative position, Norm-regulated system, Agent architecture.}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.11
Argumentation based Resolution of Conflicts Between Desires and Normative Goals

Authors: Sanjay Modgil and Michael Luck

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9121, Normative Multi-Agent Systems (2009)

Abstract
Norms represent what ought to be done, and their fulfillment can be seen as benefiting the overall system, society or organisation. However, individual agent goals (desire) may conflict with system norms. If a decision to comply with a norm is determined exclusively by an agent or, conversely, if norms are rigidly enforced, then system performance may be degraded, and individual agent goals may be inappropriately obstructed. To prevent such deleterious effects we propose a general framework for argumentation-based resolution of conflicts amongst desires and norms. In this framework, arguments for and against compliance are arguments justifying rewards, respectively punishments, exacted by `enforcing' agents. The arguments are evaluated in a recent extension to Dung's abstract argumentation framework, in order that the agents can engage in metalevel argumentation as to whether the rewards and punishments have the required motivational force. We provide an example instantiation of the framework based on a logic programming formalism.
Cite as

Sanjay Modgil and Michael Luck. Argumentation based Resolution of Conflicts Between Desires and Normative Goals. In Normative Multi-Agent Systems. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9121, pp. 1-18, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2009)

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@InProceedings{modgil_et_al:DagSemProc.09121.11,
  author =	{Modgil, Sanjay and Luck, Michael},
  title =	{{Argumentation based Resolution of Conflicts Between Desires and Normative Goals}},
  booktitle =	{Normative Multi-Agent Systems},
  pages =	{1--18},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2009},
  volume =	{9121},
  editor =	{Guido Boella and Pablo Noriega and Gabriella Pigozzi and Harko Verhagen},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.11},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-19124},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.11},
  annote =	{Keywords: Argumentation, Norms, Desires, Conflicts}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.12
Contract Formation through Preemptive Normative Conflict Resolution

Authors: Wamberto Vasconcelos and Timothy J. Norman

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9121, Normative Multi-Agent Systems (2009)

Abstract
We explore a rule-based formalisation for contracts: the rules capture conditional norms, that is, they describe situations arising during the enactment of a multi-agent system, and norms that arise from these situations. However, such rules may establish conflicting norms, that is, norms which simultaneously prohibit and oblige (or prohibit and permit) agents to perform particular actions. We propose to use a mechanism to detect and resolve normative conflicts in a preemptive fashion: these mechanisms are used to analyse a contract and suggest "amendments" to the clauses of the contract. These amendments narrow down the scope of influence of norms and avoid normative conflicts. Agents propose rules and their amendments, leading to a contract in which no conflicts may arise.
Cite as

Wamberto Vasconcelos and Timothy J. Norman. Contract Formation through Preemptive Normative Conflict Resolution. In Normative Multi-Agent Systems. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9121, pp. 1-18, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2009)

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@InProceedings{vasconcelos_et_al:DagSemProc.09121.12,
  author =	{Vasconcelos, Wamberto and Norman, Timothy J.},
  title =	{{Contract Formation through Preemptive Normative Conflict Resolution}},
  booktitle =	{Normative Multi-Agent Systems},
  pages =	{1--18},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2009},
  volume =	{9121},
  editor =	{Guido Boella and Pablo Noriega and Gabriella Pigozzi and Harko Verhagen},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.12},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-19207},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.09121.12},
  annote =	{Keywords: Normative Conflict, Contracts}
}
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