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The Simultaneous Interval Number: A New Width Parameter that Measures the Similarity to Interval Graphs

Authors Jesse Beisegel , Nina Chiarelli , Ekkehard Köhler, Martin Milanič , Peter Muršič , Robert Scheffler

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Author Details

Jesse Beisegel
  • Institute of Mathematics, Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany
Nina Chiarelli
  • FAMNIT and IAM, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
Ekkehard Köhler
  • Institute of Mathematics, Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany
Martin Milanič
  • FAMNIT and IAM, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
Peter Muršič
  • FAMNIT, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
Robert Scheffler
  • Institute of Mathematics, Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany

Funding

The authors acknowledge partial support by the Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency (I0-0035, research programs P1-0285 and P1-0404, and research projects N1-0160, N1-0210, J1-3001, J1-3002, J1-3003, J1-4008, and J1-4084) and by the research program CogniCom (0013103) at the University of Primorska.

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the reviewers for their helpful remarks; in particular, for their hints on thinness and boxicity.

Cite AsGet BibTex

Jesse Beisegel, Nina Chiarelli, Ekkehard Köhler, Martin Milanič, Peter Muršič, and Robert Scheffler. The Simultaneous Interval Number: A New Width Parameter that Measures the Similarity to Interval Graphs. In 19th Scandinavian Symposium and Workshops on Algorithm Theory (SWAT 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 294, pp. 7:1-7:20, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)
https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.SWAT.2024.7

Abstract

We propose a novel way of generalizing the class of interval graphs, via a graph width parameter called simultaneous interval number. This parameter is related to the simultaneous representation problem for interval graphs and defined as the smallest number d of labels such that the graph admits a d-simultaneous interval representation, that is, an assignment of intervals and label sets to the vertices such that two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding intervals, as well as their label sets, intersect. We show that this parameter is NP-hard to compute and give several bounds for the parameter, showing in particular that it is sandwiched between pathwidth and linear mim-width. For classes of graphs with bounded parameter values, assuming that the graph is equipped with a simultaneous interval representation with a constant number of labels, we give FPT algorithms for the clique, independent set, and dominating set problems, and hardness results for the independent dominating set and coloring problems. The FPT results for independent set and dominating set are for the simultaneous interval number plus solution size. In contrast, both problems are known to be 𝖶[1]-hard for linear mim-width plus solution size.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Theory of computation → Parameterized complexity and exact algorithms
  • Theory of computation → Graph algorithms analysis
Keywords
  • Interval graph
  • simultaneous representation
  • width parameter
  • algorithm
  • parameterized complexity

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