Issue
Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 12, Issue 9
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Part of:
Volume:
Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 12
Journal: Dagstuhl Reports (DagRep)
Event
Dagstuhl Seminars 22361, 22362, 22371, 22372, 22381, 22382, 22391, 22392Publication Details
- published at: 2023-04-04
- Publisher: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
- DBLP: db/journals/dagstuhl-reports/dagstuhl-reports12
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Complete Issue
Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 12, Issue 9, September 2022, Complete Issue
Abstract
Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 12, Issue 9, September 2022, Complete Issue
Cite as
Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 12, Issue 9, pp. 1-236, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)
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@Article{DagRep.12.9,
title = {{Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 12, Issue 9, September 2022, Complete Issue}},
pages = {1--236},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2023},
volume = {12},
number = {9},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.12.9},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-178052},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.12.9},
annote = {Keywords: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 12, Issue 9, September 2022, Complete Issue}
}
Document
Front Matter
Dagstuhl Reports, Table of Contents, Volume 12, Issue 9, 2022
Abstract
Dagstuhl Reports, Table of Contents, Volume 12, Issue 9, 2022
Cite as
Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 12, Issue 9, pp. i-ii, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)
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@Article{DagRep.12.9.i,
title = {{Dagstuhl Reports, Table of Contents, Volume 12, Issue 9, 2022}},
pages = {i--ii},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2023},
volume = {12},
number = {9},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.12.9.i},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-178061},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.12.9.i},
annote = {Keywords: Table of Contents, Frontmatter}
}
Document
Challenges and Opportunities of Democracy in the Digital Society (Dagstuhl Seminar 22361)
Abstract
Digital technologies amplify and change societal processes. So far, society and intellectuals have painted two extremes of viewing the effects of the digital transformation on democratic life. While the early 2000s to mid-2010s declared the "liberating" aspects of digital technology, the post-Brexit events and the 2016 US elections have emphasized the "dark side" of the digital revolution. Now, explicit effort is needed to go beyond tech saviorism or doom scenarios.
To this end, we organized the Dagstuhl Seminar 22361 "Challenges and Opportunities of Democracy in the Digital Society" to discuss the future of digital democracy.
This report presents a summary of the seminar, which took place in Dagstuhl in September 2022. The seminar attracted scientific scholars from various disciplines, including political science, computer science, jurisprudence, and communication science, as well as civic technology practitioners.
Cite as
Abraham Bernstein, Anita Gohdes, Cristina Sarasua, Steffen Staab, and Beth Simone Noveck. Challenges and Opportunities of Democracy in the Digital Society (Dagstuhl Seminar 22361). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 12, Issue 9, pp. 1-19, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)
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@Article{bernstein_et_al:DagRep.12.9.1,
author = {Bernstein, Abraham and Gohdes, Anita and Sarasua, Cristina and Staab, Steffen and Noveck, Beth Simone},
title = {{Challenges and Opportunities of Democracy in the Digital Society (Dagstuhl Seminar 22361)}},
pages = {1--19},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2023},
volume = {12},
number = {9},
editor = {Bernstein, Abraham and Gohdes, Anita and Sarasua, Cristina and Staab, Steffen and Noveck, Beth Simone},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.12.9.1},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-178073},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.12.9.1},
annote = {Keywords: co-design, democratic regulation, large-scale decision-making, large-scale deliberation, society}
}
Document
Model-Driven Engineering of Digital Twins (Dagstuhl Seminar 22362)
Abstract
This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 22362 "Model-Driven Engineering of Digital Twins".
Digital twins are an emerging concept with the potential for revolutionising the way we interact with the physical world. Digital twins can be used for improved analysis and understanding of complex systems as well as for control and transformation of these systems. Digital twins are themselves complex software systems, posing novel software-engineering challenges, which have so far not been sufficiently addressed by the software-engineering research community.
The seminar aimed as a key outcome to contribute to a solid research roadmap for the new Software Engineering subdiscipline of Model-Based Development of Digital Twins. This paper is an intermediate result, which is thought to be further discussed in the research community that has also been built using this seminar.
Cite as
Loek Cleophas, Thomas Godfrey, Djamel Eddine Khelladi, Daniel Lehner, Benoit Combemale, Bernhard Rumpe, and Steffen Zschaler. Model-Driven Engineering of Digital Twins (Dagstuhl Seminar 22362). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 12, Issue 9, pp. 20-40, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)
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@Article{cleophas_et_al:DagRep.12.9.20,
author = {Cleophas, Loek and Godfrey, Thomas and Khelladi, Djamel Eddine and Lehner, Daniel and Combemale, Benoit and Rumpe, Bernhard and Zschaler, Steffen},
title = {{Model-Driven Engineering of Digital Twins (Dagstuhl Seminar 22362)}},
pages = {20--40},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2023},
volume = {12},
number = {9},
editor = {Combemale, Benoit and Rumpe, Bernhard and Zschaler, Steffen},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.12.9.20},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-178080},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.12.9.20},
annote = {Keywords: Software Engineering, Model-Driven Engineering, Digital Twins, Model Management, Data Management, Models@runtime}
}
Document
Algebraic and Analytic Methods in Computational Complexity (Dagstuhl Seminar 22371)
Abstract
This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 2237 "Algebraic and Analytic Methods in Computational Complexity".
Computational Complexity is concerned with the resources that are required for algorithms to detect properties of combinatorial objects and structures. It has often proven true that the best way to argue about these combinatorial objects is by establishing a connection (perhaps approximate) to a more well-behaved algebraic setting.
Beside algebraic methods, analytic methods have been used for quite some time in theoretical computer science. These methods can also be used to solve algebraic problems as show by many recent examples in the areas of derandomization, coding theory or circuit lower bounds. These new directions were in the focus of the Dagstuhl Seminar and reflect the developments in the field since the previous Dagstuhl Seminar 18391.
This Dagstuhl Seminar brought together researchers who are using a diverse array of algebraic and analytic methods in a variety of settings. Researchers in these areas are relying on ever more sophisticated and specialized mathematics and this seminar played a role in educating a diverse community about the latest new techniques, spurring further progress.
Cite as
Markus Bläser, Valentine Kabanets, Ronen Shaltiel, and Jacobo Torán. Algebraic and Analytic Methods in Computational Complexity (Dagstuhl Seminar 22371). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 12, Issue 9, pp. 41-59, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)
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@Article{blaser_et_al:DagRep.12.9.41,
author = {Bl\"{a}ser, Markus and Kabanets, Valentine and Shaltiel, Ronen and Tor\'{a}n, Jacobo},
title = {{Algebraic and Analytic Methods in Computational Complexity (Dagstuhl Seminar 22371)}},
pages = {41--59},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2023},
volume = {12},
number = {9},
editor = {Bl\"{a}ser, Markus and Kabanets, Valentine and Shaltiel, Ronen and Tor\'{a}n, Jacobo},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.12.9.41},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-178092},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.12.9.41},
annote = {Keywords: (de-)randomization, algebra, circuits, coding, computational complexity}
}
Document
Knowledge Graphs and their Role in the Knowledge Engineering of the 21st Century (Dagstuhl Seminar 22372)
Abstract
This report documents the programme and outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 22372 "Knowledge Graphs and their Role in the Knowledge Engineering of the 21st Century" held in September 2022.
The seminar aimed to gain a better understanding of the way knowledge graphs are created, maintained, and used today, and identify research challenges throughout the knowledge engineering life cycle, including tasks such as modelling, representation, reasoning, and evolution. The participants identified directions of research to answer these challenges, which will form the basis for new methodologies, methods, and tools, applicable to varied AI systems in which knowledge graphs are used, for instance, in natural language processing, or in information retrieval.
The seminar brought together a snapshot of the knowledge engineering and adjacent communities, including leading experts, academics, practitioners, and rising stars in those fields. It fulfilled its aims - the participants took inventory of existing and emerging solutions, discussed open problems and practical challenges, and identified ample opportunities for novel research, technology transfer, and inter-disciplinary collaborations. Among the topics of discussion were: designing engineering methodologies for knowledge graphs, integrating large language models and structured data into knowledge engineering pipelines, neural methods for knowledge engineering, responsible use of AI in knowledge graph construction, other forms of knowledge representations, and generating user and developer buy-in. Besides a range of joint publications, hackathons, and project proposals, the participants suggested joint activities with other scientific communities, in particular those working on large language models, generative AI, FAccT (fairness, accountability, transparency), and human-AI interaction.
The discussions were captured in visual summaries thanks to Catherine Allan - you can find more about her work at https://www.catherineallan.co.uk/. The summaries are arrayed throughout this report. Lastly, knowledge about the seminar is captured in Wikidata at https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113961931
Cite as
Paul Groth, Elena Simperl, Marieke van Erp, and Denny Vrandečić. Knowledge Graphs and their Role in the Knowledge Engineering of the 21st Century (Dagstuhl Seminar 22372). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 12, Issue 9, pp. 60-120, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)
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@Article{groth_et_al:DagRep.12.9.60,
author = {Groth, Paul and Simperl, Elena and van Erp, Marieke and Vrande\v{c}i\'{c}, Denny},
title = {{Knowledge Graphs and their Role in the Knowledge Engineering of the 21st Century (Dagstuhl Seminar 22372)}},
pages = {60--120},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2023},
volume = {12},
number = {9},
editor = {Groth, Paul and Simperl, Elena and van Erp, Marieke and Vrande\v{c}i\'{c}, Denny},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.12.9.60},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-178105},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.12.9.60},
annote = {Keywords: Dagstuhl Seminar}
}
Document
Rational Design of RiboNucleic Acids (Dagstuhl Seminar 22381)
Abstract
This report documents the program and outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 22381 "Rational Design of RiboNucleic Acids" (RNAs). The seminar covered a wide array of models, algorithmic strategies, molecular scales and modalities, all targeting in silico design of RNAs performing predefined biological functions. It consisted in a series of talks, each being allocated a generous time budget enabling frequent (welcomed!) interruptions and fruitful discussions. Applications of rational RNA design include mRNA vaccines; RNAs acting as sensors; self-replicating RNAs, relevant to RNA world/origin of life studies; populations of RNAs performing computations, e.g. through strand-displacement systems; RNA origamis forming nano-architectures through self-assembly; weakly interacting RNAs inducing the formation of droplets within cells through liquid-liquid phase separation. Those diverse applications are typically tackled by Bioinformatics-inclined scientists, contributing to distinct areas of life science and, as a result, somewhat isolated and sometimes unaware of similar pursuits in neighboring fields. The overarching goals of this meeting were to gather computational scientists from multiple fields, increase awareness of relevant efforts in distant communities, and ultimately contribute to a transversal perspective where RNA design becomes an object of study in itself.
Cite as
Sven Findeiß, Christoph Flamm, and Yann Ponty. Rational Design of RiboNucleic Acids (Dagstuhl Seminar 22381). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 12, Issue 9, pp. 121-149, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)
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@Article{findei_et_al:DagRep.12.9.121,
author = {Findei{\ss}, Sven and Flamm, Christoph and Ponty, Yann},
title = {{Rational Design of RiboNucleic Acids (Dagstuhl Seminar 22381)}},
pages = {121--149},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2023},
volume = {12},
number = {9},
editor = {Findei{\ss}, Sven and Flamm, Christoph and Ponty, Yann},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.12.9.121},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-178110},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.12.9.121},
annote = {Keywords: RNA, RNA design, Inverse folding, RNA structure, mRNA design, RNA sensors, Co-transcriptional folding, Molecular evolution, Distant homology, Drug design}
}
Document
Machine Learning for Science: Bridging Data-Driven and Mechanistic Modelling (Dagstuhl Seminar 22382)
Abstract
This report documents the programme and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 22382 "Machine Learning for Science: Bridging Data-Driven and Mechanistic Modelling".
Today’s scientific challenges are characterised by complexity. Interconnected natural, technological, and human systems are influenced by forces acting across time- and spatial-scales, resulting in complex interactions and emergent behaviours. Understanding these phenomena - and leveraging scientific advances to deliver innovative solutions to improve society’s health, wealth, and well-being - requires new ways of analysing complex systems.
The transformative potential of AI stems from its widespread applicability across disciplines, and will only be achieved through integration across research domains. AI for science is a rendezvous point. It brings together expertise from AI and application domains; combines modelling knowledge with engineering know-how; and relies on collaboration across disciplines and between humans and machines. Alongside technical advances, the next wave of progress in the field will come from building a community of machine learning researchers, domain experts, citizen scientists, and engineers working together to design and deploy effective AI tools.
This report summarises the discussions from the seminar and provides a roadmap to suggest how different communities can collaborate to deliver a new wave of progress in AI and its application for scientific discovery.
Cite as
Philipp Berens, Kyle Cranmer, Neil D. Lawrence, Ulrike von Luxburg, and Jessica Montgomery. Machine Learning for Science: Bridging Data-Driven and Mechanistic Modelling (Dagstuhl Seminar 22382). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 12, Issue 9, pp. 150-199, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)
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@Article{berens_et_al:DagRep.12.9.150,
author = {Berens, Philipp and Cranmer, Kyle and Lawrence, Neil D. and von Luxburg, Ulrike and Montgomery, Jessica},
title = {{Machine Learning for Science: Bridging Data-Driven and Mechanistic Modelling (Dagstuhl Seminar 22382)}},
pages = {150--199},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2023},
volume = {12},
number = {9},
editor = {Berens, Philipp and Cranmer, Kyle and Lawrence, Neil D. and von Luxburg, Ulrike and Montgomery, Jessica},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.12.9.150},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-178125},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.12.9.150},
annote = {Keywords: machine learning, artificial intelligence, life sciences, physical sciences, environmental sciences, simulation, causality, modelling}
}
Document
Cognitive Robotics (Dagstuhl Seminar 22391)
Abstract
This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 22391 on the topic of "Cognitive Robotics". Cognitive Robotics is concerned with endowing robots or software agents with higher level cognitive functions that involve reasoning, for example, about goals, perception, actions, the mental states of other agents, and collaborative task execution. The seminar is the latest event in a series of events on this topic that were initiated in 1998. With its roots in knowledge representation and reasoning, the program for this seminar was influenced by transformative advances in machine learning and deep learning, by recent advances in human-robot interactions, and by issues that arise in the development of trustworthy cognitive robotic systems. Reflective of this, the seminar featured sessions devoted to the following four themes: cognitive robotics and KR, verification of cognitive robots, human-robot interaction and robot ethics, and planning and learning. Each theme consisted of plenary talks, plenary discussions and working groups resulting in a research road map for the coming years. There was also a poster session where new or published results could be presented by the participants.
The seminar was very successful and well received by the participants thanks to the excellent environment for exchanging ideas provided by Schloss Dagstuhl.
Cite as
Fredrik Heintz, Gerhard Lakemeyer, and Sheila McIlraith. Cognitive Robotics (Dagstuhl Seminar 22391). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 12, Issue 9, pp. 200-219, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)
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@Article{heintz_et_al:DagRep.12.9.200,
author = {Heintz, Fredrik and Lakemeyer, Gerhard and McIlraith, Sheila},
title = {{Cognitive Robotics (Dagstuhl Seminar 22391)}},
pages = {200--219},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2023},
volume = {12},
number = {9},
editor = {Heintz, Fredrik and Lakemeyer, Gerhard and McIlraith, Sheila},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.12.9.200},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-178132},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.12.9.200},
annote = {Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Cognitive Robotics, Verification, Human-robot Interaction, Robot Ethics, Machine Learning, Planning}
}
Document
Transparent Quantitative Research as a User Interface Problem (Dagstuhl Seminar 22392)
Abstract
The replication crises in many scientific fields galvanize movements toward Open Science. Within this movement is a push for increasing research transparency. Although researchers in the areas of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) and Visualization (VIS) face these challenges, they have methodological expertise to study, design, and evaluate innovations that could help improve research transparency. This Dagstuhl Seminar gathers HCI and VIS researchers and those from adjacent fields such as statistics and psychology to discuss challenges in promoting and adopting research transparency, create prototypes of potential solutions, and receive feedback from policy influencers in the research community. This seminar fostered seeds for future initiatives and collaboration toward improving research transparency in HCI, VIS, and other scientific fields.
Cite as
Chat Wacharamanotham, Yvonne Jansen, Amelia A. McNamara, Kasper Hornbæk, Judy Robertson, and Lahari Goswami. Transparent Quantitative Research as a User Interface Problem (Dagstuhl Seminar 22392). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 12, Issue 9, pp. 220-234, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)
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@Article{wacharamanotham_et_al:DagRep.12.9.220,
author = {Wacharamanotham, Chat and Jansen, Yvonne and McNamara, Amelia A. and Hornb{\ae}k, Kasper and Robertson, Judy and Goswami, Lahari},
title = {{Transparent Quantitative Research as a User Interface Problem (Dagstuhl Seminar 22392)}},
pages = {220--234},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2023},
volume = {12},
number = {9},
editor = {Wacharamanotham, Chat and Jansen, Yvonne and McNamara, Amelia A. and Hornb{\ae}k, Kasper and Robertson, Judy and Goswami, Lahari},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.12.9.220},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-178149},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.12.9.220},
annote = {Keywords: Open Science, Research Transparency, Replicability, Reproducibility, Dagstuhl Seminar}
}