3 Search Results for "Dengel, Andreas"


Document
Use Case
Automating Invoice Validation with Knowledge Graphs: Optimizations and Practical Lessons

Authors: Johannes Mäkelburg and Maribel Acosta

Published in: TGDK, Volume 3, Issue 3 (2025). Transactions on Graph Data and Knowledge, Volume 3, Issue 3


Abstract
To increase the efficiency of creating, distributing, and processing of invoices, invoicing is handled in the form of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI). With EDI, invoices are handled in a standardized electronic or digital format rather than on paper. While EDIFACT is widely used for electronic invoicing, there is no standardized approach for validating its content. In this work, we tackle the problem of automatically validating electronic invoices in the EDIFACT format by leveraging KG technologies. We build on a previously developed pipeline that transforms EDIFACT invoices into RDF knowledge graphs (KGs). The resulting graphs are validated using SHACL constraints defined in collaboration with domain experts. In this work, we improve the pipeline by enhancing the correctness of the invoice representation, reducing validation time, and introducing error prioritization through the use of the severity predicate in SHACL. These improvements make validation results easier to interpret and significantly reduce the manual effort required. Our evaluation confirms that the approach is correct, efficient, and practical for real-world use.

Cite as

Johannes Mäkelburg and Maribel Acosta. Automating Invoice Validation with Knowledge Graphs: Optimizations and Practical Lessons. In Transactions on Graph Data and Knowledge (TGDK), Volume 3, Issue 3, pp. 2:1-2:24, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)


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@Article{makelburg_et_al:TGDK.3.3.2,
  author =	{M\"{a}kelburg, Johannes and Acosta, Maribel},
  title =	{{Automating Invoice Validation with Knowledge Graphs: Optimizations and Practical Lessons}},
  journal =	{Transactions on Graph Data and Knowledge},
  pages =	{2:1--2:24},
  ISSN =	{2942-7517},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{3},
  number =	{3},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/TGDK.3.3.2},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-252137},
  doi =		{10.4230/TGDK.3.3.2},
  annote =	{Keywords: Electronic Invoice, Ontology, EDIFACT, RDF, RML, SHACL}
}
Document
Position
Standardizing Knowledge Engineering Practices with a Reference Architecture

Authors: Bradley P. Allen and Filip Ilievski

Published in: TGDK, Volume 2, Issue 1 (2024): Special Issue on Trends in Graph Data and Knowledge - Part 2. Transactions on Graph Data and Knowledge, Volume 2, Issue 1


Abstract
Knowledge engineering is the process of creating and maintaining knowledge-producing systems. Throughout the history of computer science and AI, knowledge engineering workflows have been widely used given the importance of high-quality knowledge for reliable intelligent agents. Meanwhile, the scope of knowledge engineering, as apparent from its target tasks and use cases, has been shifting, together with its paradigms such as expert systems, semantic web, and language modeling. The intended use cases and supported user requirements between these paradigms have not been analyzed globally, as new paradigms often satisfy prior pain points while possibly introducing new ones. The recent abstraction of systemic patterns into a boxology provides an opening for aligning the requirements and use cases of knowledge engineering with the systems, components, and software that can satisfy them best, however, this direction has not been explored to date. This paper proposes a vision of harmonizing the best practices in the field of knowledge engineering by leveraging the software engineering methodology of creating reference architectures. We describe how a reference architecture can be iteratively designed and implemented to associate user needs with recurring systemic patterns, building on top of existing knowledge engineering workflows and boxologies. We provide a six-step roadmap that can enable the development of such an architecture, consisting of scope definition, selection of information sources, architectural analysis, synthesis of an architecture based on the information source analysis, evaluation through instantiation, and, ultimately, instantiation into a concrete software architecture. We provide an initial design and outcome of the definition of architectural scope, selection of information sources, and analysis. As the remaining steps of design, evaluation, and instantiation of the architecture are largely use-case specific, we provide a detailed description of their procedures and point to relevant examples. We expect that following through on this vision will lead to well-grounded reference architectures for knowledge engineering, will advance the ongoing initiatives of organizing the neurosymbolic knowledge engineering space, and will build new links to the software architectures and data science communities.

Cite as

Bradley P. Allen and Filip Ilievski. Standardizing Knowledge Engineering Practices with a Reference Architecture. In Special Issue on Trends in Graph Data and Knowledge - Part 2. Transactions on Graph Data and Knowledge (TGDK), Volume 2, Issue 1, pp. 5:1-5:23, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)


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@Article{allen_et_al:TGDK.2.1.5,
  author =	{Allen, Bradley P. and Ilievski, Filip},
  title =	{{Standardizing Knowledge Engineering Practices with a Reference Architecture}},
  journal =	{Transactions on Graph Data and Knowledge},
  pages =	{5:1--5:23},
  ISSN =	{2942-7517},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{2},
  number =	{1},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/TGDK.2.1.5},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-198623},
  doi =		{10.4230/TGDK.2.1.5},
  annote =	{Keywords: knowledge engineering, knowledge graphs, quality attributes, software architectures, sociotechnical systems}
}
Document
Inflection-Tolerant Ontology-Based Named Entity Recognition for Real-Time Applications

Authors: Christian Jilek, Markus Schröder, Rudolf Novik, Sven Schwarz, Heiko Maus, and Andreas Dengel

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 70, 2nd Conference on Language, Data and Knowledge (LDK 2019)


Abstract
A growing number of applications users daily interact with have to operate in (near) real-time: chatbots, digital companions, knowledge work support systems - just to name a few. To perform the services desired by the user, these systems have to analyze user activity logs or explicit user input extremely fast. In particular, text content (e.g. in form of text snippets) needs to be processed in an information extraction task. Regarding the aforementioned temporal requirements, this has to be accomplished in just a few milliseconds, which limits the number of methods that can be applied. Practically, only very fast methods remain, which on the other hand deliver worse results than slower but more sophisticated Natural Language Processing (NLP) pipelines. In this paper, we investigate and propose methods for real-time capable Named Entity Recognition (NER). As a first improvement step, we address word variations induced by inflection, for example present in the German language. Our approach is ontology-based and makes use of several language information sources like Wiktionary. We evaluated it using the German Wikipedia (about 9.4B characters), for which the whole NER process took considerably less than an hour. Since precision and recall are higher than with comparably fast methods, we conclude that the quality gap between high speed methods and sophisticated NLP pipelines can be narrowed a bit more without losing real-time capable runtime performance.

Cite as

Christian Jilek, Markus Schröder, Rudolf Novik, Sven Schwarz, Heiko Maus, and Andreas Dengel. Inflection-Tolerant Ontology-Based Named Entity Recognition for Real-Time Applications. In 2nd Conference on Language, Data and Knowledge (LDK 2019). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 70, pp. 11:1-11:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)


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@InProceedings{jilek_et_al:OASIcs.LDK.2019.11,
  author =	{Jilek, Christian and Schr\"{o}der, Markus and Novik, Rudolf and Schwarz, Sven and Maus, Heiko and Dengel, Andreas},
  title =	{{Inflection-Tolerant Ontology-Based Named Entity Recognition for Real-Time Applications}},
  booktitle =	{2nd Conference on Language, Data and Knowledge (LDK 2019)},
  pages =	{11:1--11:14},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-105-4},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{70},
  editor =	{Eskevich, Maria and de Melo, Gerard and F\"{a}th, Christian and McCrae, John P. and Buitelaar, Paul and Chiarcos, Christian and Klimek, Bettina and Dojchinovski, Milan},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.LDK.2019.11},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-103759},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.LDK.2019.11},
  annote =	{Keywords: Ontology-based information extraction, Named entity recognition, Inflectional languages, Real-time systems}
}
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