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Computational and Combinatorial Results on Conflict-Free Choosability

Authors: Shiwali Gupta and Rogers Mathew

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 376, 52nd International Workshop on Graph-Theoretic Concepts in Computer Science (WG 2026)


Abstract
The conflict-free closed neighborhood (CFCN^*) chromatic number of a graph G = (V,E) is the smallest positive integer k for which there exists a coloring of a subset of vertices using k colors such that, for every vertex in V, there exists a color that appears exactly once in its closed neighborhood. The conflict-free open neighborhood (CFON^*) chromatic number is defined analogously. In this paper, we study "list variants" of the above-mentioned coloring parameters. The conflict-free closed neighborhood (CFCN^*) choice number of a graph G = (V,E) is the smallest positive integer k such that for every assignment of lists of size k to its vertices, there exists a coloring of a subset of vertices, say V', in which (i) every vertex in V' receives a color from its list, and (ii) for every vertex in V there exists some color that appears exactly once in its closed neighborhood. The conflict-free open neighborhood (CFON^*) choice number is defined analogously. Dębski and Przybyło [Journal of Graph Theory, 2022] showed that for any graph G with maximum degree Δ, the CFCN^* chromatic number of its line graph is O(ln Δ). This result was later extended to claw-free graphs by Bhyravarapu et al. [Journal of Graph Theory, 2023], who proved that every K_{1,k}-free graph G admits a CFCN^* coloring using O(kln Δ) colors. In this paper, we generalize this result to the list setting and show that every K_{1,k}-free graph G has a CFCN^* choice number of O(kln Δ). Further, we answer some questions concerning the hardness of computing CFCN^*/CFON^* choice numbers posed by Gupta and Mathew [SOFSEM, 2026]; in particular, we show that it is NP-hard to determine whether the CFCN^*/CFON^* choice number a graph is equal to k, for k = 1,2.

Cite as

Shiwali Gupta and Rogers Mathew. Computational and Combinatorial Results on Conflict-Free Choosability. In 52nd International Workshop on Graph-Theoretic Concepts in Computer Science (WG 2026). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 376, pp. 20:1-20:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2026)


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@InProceedings{gupta_et_al:LIPIcs.WG.2026.20,
  author =	{Gupta, Shiwali and Mathew, Rogers},
  title =	{{Computational and Combinatorial Results on Conflict-Free Choosability}},
  booktitle =	{52nd International Workshop on Graph-Theoretic Concepts in Computer Science (WG 2026)},
  pages =	{20:1--20:14},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-430-7},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2026},
  volume =	{376},
  editor =	{Goedgebeur, Jan and Rz\k{a}\.{z}ewski, Pawe{\l}},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.WG.2026.20},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-261868},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.WG.2026.20},
  annote =	{Keywords: conflict-free coloring, list conflict-free coloring, choice number, claw number, computational complexity, hardness results}
}
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