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Documents authored by Schwering, Angela

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.8
Generalized, Inaccurate, Incomplete: How to Comprehensively Analyze Sketch Maps Beyond Their Metric Correctness

Authors: Angela Schwering, Jakub Krukar, Charu Manivannan, Malumbo Chipofya, and Sahib Jan

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 240, 15th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2022)

Abstract
Sketch mapping is a method to investigate a person’s spatial perception and knowledge about the surrounding environment. While cartographic maps can be easily evaluated with respect to the represented features, map scale, and spatial accuracy, there still does not exist a comprehensive method to evaluate sketch maps. This paper aims to overcome this gap and proposes a sketch map analysis method that allows for analyzing the completeness, generalization and (qualitative) spatial accuracy of the sketched information in a three-step process. After describing the method, we illustrate how our computer-supported method performs in a use case with three sketch maps. Our approach may assist researchers in geography, psychology, and education to evaluate spatial knowledge in a systematic way independent of specific research questions and experimental scenarios.
Cite as

Angela Schwering, Jakub Krukar, Charu Manivannan, Malumbo Chipofya, and Sahib Jan. Generalized, Inaccurate, Incomplete: How to Comprehensively Analyze Sketch Maps Beyond Their Metric Correctness. In 15th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 240, pp. 8:1-8:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)

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@InProceedings{schwering_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.8,
  author =	{Schwering, Angela and Krukar, Jakub and Manivannan, Charu and Chipofya, Malumbo and Jan, Sahib},
  title =	{{Generalized, Inaccurate, Incomplete: How to Comprehensively Analyze Sketch Maps Beyond Their Metric Correctness}},
  booktitle =	{15th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2022)},
  pages =	{8:1--8:15},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-257-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{240},
  editor =	{Ishikawa, Toru and Fabrikant, Sara Irina and Winter, Stephan},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.8},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-168936},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.8},
  annote =	{Keywords: sketch map analysis, spatial knowledge evaluation, cognitive map}
}
Document
Vision Paper
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.10
Are Psychological Variables Relevant to Evaluating Geoinformatics Applications? The Case of Landmarks (Vision Paper)

Authors: Jakub Krukar and Angela Schwering

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 240, 15th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2022)

Abstract
Interdisciplinary integration of spatial cognition and spatial computation promises to create better spatial technology based on findings from cognitive psychology experiments. Using the example of psychological studies and computational modelling of landmarks, this paper argues that core evaluation criteria of both disciplines are not well aligned with the goal of evaluating landmark-enhanced navigation support systems that support users in everyday wayfinding. The paper raises two points. First, it reviews evaluation criteria used in the interdisciplinary field of landmark research. It is argued that when to consider the role of landmark-enhanced navigation support systems in everyday life of their users, different evaluation criteria are needed. If strictly-psychological or strictly-computational criteria continue being prioritised by the community, we risk undervaluing significant technological contributions. Second, it proposes one such potential criterion: testing whether the cognitive task has changed due to equipping users with the new technology. This goal might be achieved at the expense of criteria typical to strictly-psychological studies (such as spatial memory of landmarks along the travelled route) or strictly-computational studies (such as efficiency and accuracy of a landmark-selection algorithm). Thus, promoting and implementing alternative evaluation criteria comes with methodological risks. In order to mitigate them we propose a process based on pre-registration of "postdiction" studies and hope to stimulate a further debate on a consensus-based approach in the community.
Cite as

Jakub Krukar and Angela Schwering. Are Psychological Variables Relevant to Evaluating Geoinformatics Applications? The Case of Landmarks (Vision Paper). In 15th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 240, pp. 10:1-10:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)

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@InProceedings{krukar_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.10,
  author =	{Krukar, Jakub and Schwering, Angela},
  title =	{{Are Psychological Variables Relevant to Evaluating Geoinformatics Applications? The Case of Landmarks (Vision Paper)}},
  booktitle =	{15th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2022)},
  pages =	{10:1--10:13},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-257-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{240},
  editor =	{Ishikawa, Toru and Fabrikant, Sara Irina and Winter, Stephan},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.10},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-168956},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.10},
  annote =	{Keywords: wayfinding, navigation support systems, cognitive geoengineering, landmarks}
}
Document
Short Paper
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.14
3D Sketch Maps: Concept, Potential Benefits, and Challenges (Short Paper)

Authors: Kevin Gonyop Kim, Jakub Krukar, Panagiotis Mavros, Jiayan Zhao, Peter Kiefer, Angela Schwering, Christoph Hölscher, and Martin Raubal

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 240, 15th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2022)

Abstract
Studying the 3D aspect of spatial information has become increasingly important due to changes in the way we interact with the surrounding environments as well as technological innovations. Current pen-and-paper approaches of sketch mapping have a limitation in investigating 3D spatial knowledge as they are forced to be drawn on 2D interfaces. In this paper, we propose the concept of 3D sketch mapping as a tool to study human spatial knowledge by externalizing the mental models of spatial information with 3D representations. The goal of this paper is to introduce the concept, discuss its potential importance and challenges, and share our vision for future research directions.
Cite as

Kevin Gonyop Kim, Jakub Krukar, Panagiotis Mavros, Jiayan Zhao, Peter Kiefer, Angela Schwering, Christoph Hölscher, and Martin Raubal. 3D Sketch Maps: Concept, Potential Benefits, and Challenges (Short Paper). In 15th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 240, pp. 14:1-14:7, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)

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@InProceedings{kim_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.14,
  author =	{Kim, Kevin Gonyop and Krukar, Jakub and Mavros, Panagiotis and Zhao, Jiayan and Kiefer, Peter and Schwering, Angela and H\"{o}lscher, Christoph and Raubal, Martin},
  title =	{{3D Sketch Maps: Concept, Potential Benefits, and Challenges}},
  booktitle =	{15th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2022)},
  pages =	{14:1--14:7},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-257-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{240},
  editor =	{Ishikawa, Toru and Fabrikant, Sara Irina and Winter, Stephan},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.14},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-168992},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.14},
  annote =	{Keywords: Sketch maps, mental representations, spatial knowledge}
}
Document
Short Paper
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2019.3
Functional Scales in Assisted Wayfinding (Short Paper)

Authors: Heinrich Löwen, Jakub Krukar, and Angela Schwering

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 142, 14th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2019)

Abstract
GPS-based navigation systems are widely used to get wayfinding assistance. Current navigation systems incorporate different map scales for presenting wayfinding instructions, however, the selection of scale is not supported by psychological findings. Different tasks of the users such as the identification of the next decision point or the orientation within the environment might be supported best at particular scales. We propose a new conceptual distinction of functional scales with respect to their role in supporting wayfinding and orientation. We suggest that these functional scales can have a benefit for supporting wayfinding and orientation if used for providing wayfinding instructions. This we aim to empirically evaluate in future work.
Cite as

Heinrich Löwen, Jakub Krukar, and Angela Schwering. Functional Scales in Assisted Wayfinding (Short Paper). In 14th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 142, pp. 3:1-3:7, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@InProceedings{lowen_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2019.3,
  author =	{L\"{o}wen, Heinrich and Krukar, Jakub and Schwering, Angela},
  title =	{{Functional Scales in Assisted Wayfinding}},
  booktitle =	{14th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2019)},
  pages =	{3:1--3:7},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-115-3},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{142},
  editor =	{Timpf, Sabine and Schlieder, Christoph and Kattenbeck, Markus and Ludwig, Bernd and Stewart, Kathleen},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2019.3},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-110953},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2019.3},
  annote =	{Keywords: navigation, wayfinding support, orientation information, scale}
}
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