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Documents authored by Skrzypczak, Michał


Document
Positionality in Σ⁰₂ and a Completeness Result

Authors: Pierre Ohlmann and Michał Skrzypczak

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 289, 41st International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2024)


Abstract
We study the existence of positional strategies for the protagonist in infinite duration games over arbitrary game graphs. We prove that prefix-independent objectives in Σ⁰₂ which are positional and admit a (strongly) neutral letter are exactly those that are recognised by history-deterministic monotone co-Büchi automata over countable ordinals. This generalises a criterion proposed by [Kopczyński, ICALP 2006] and gives an alternative proof of closure under union for these objectives, which was known from [Ohlmann, TheoretiCS 2023]. We then give two applications of our result. First, we prove that the mean-payoff objective is positional over arbitrary game graphs. Second, we establish the following completeness result: for any objective W which is prefix-independent, admits a (weakly) neutral letter, and is positional over finite game graphs, there is an objective W' which is equivalent to W over finite game graphs and positional over arbitrary game graphs.

Cite as

Pierre Ohlmann and Michał Skrzypczak. Positionality in Σ⁰₂ and a Completeness Result. In 41st International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 289, pp. 54:1-54:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)


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@InProceedings{ohlmann_et_al:LIPIcs.STACS.2024.54,
  author =	{Ohlmann, Pierre and Skrzypczak, Micha{\l}},
  title =	{{Positionality in \Sigma⁰₂ and a Completeness Result}},
  booktitle =	{41st International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2024)},
  pages =	{54:1--54:18},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-311-9},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{289},
  editor =	{Beyersdorff, Olaf and Kant\'{e}, Mamadou Moustapha and Kupferman, Orna and Lokshtanov, Daniel},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2024.54},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-197643},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2024.54},
  annote =	{Keywords: infinite duration games, positionality, Borel class \Sigma⁰₂, history determinism}
}
Document
Languages Given by Finite Automata over the Unary Alphabet

Authors: Wojciech Czerwiński, Maciej Dębski, Tomasz Gogasz, Gordon Hoi, Sanjay Jain, Michał Skrzypczak, Frank Stephan, and Christopher Tan

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 284, 43rd IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2023)


Abstract
This paper studies the complexity of operations on finite automata and the complexity of their decision problems when the alphabet is unary and n the number of states of the finite automata considered. The following main results are obtained: 1) Equality and inclusion of NFAs can be decided within time 2^O((n log n)^{1/3}); previous upper bound 2^O((n log n)^{1/2}) was by Chrobak (1986) via DFA conversion. 2) The state complexity of operations of UFAs (unambiguous finite automata) increases for complementation and union at most by quasipolynomial; however, for concatenation of two n-state UFAs, the worst case is an UFA of at least 2^Ω(n^{1/6}) states. Previously the upper bounds for complementation and union were exponential-type and this lower bound for concatenation is new.

Cite as

Wojciech Czerwiński, Maciej Dębski, Tomasz Gogasz, Gordon Hoi, Sanjay Jain, Michał Skrzypczak, Frank Stephan, and Christopher Tan. Languages Given by Finite Automata over the Unary Alphabet. In 43rd IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2023). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 284, pp. 22:1-22:20, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)


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@InProceedings{czerwinski_et_al:LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2023.22,
  author =	{Czerwi\'{n}ski, Wojciech and D\k{e}bski, Maciej and Gogasz, Tomasz and Hoi, Gordon and Jain, Sanjay and Skrzypczak, Micha{\l} and Stephan, Frank and Tan, Christopher},
  title =	{{Languages Given by Finite Automata over the Unary Alphabet}},
  booktitle =	{43rd IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2023)},
  pages =	{22:1--22:20},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-304-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{284},
  editor =	{Bouyer, Patricia and Srinivasan, Srikanth},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2023.22},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-193959},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2023.22},
  annote =	{Keywords: Nondeterministic Finite Automata, Unambiguous Finite Automata, Upper Bounds on Runtime, Conditional Lower Bounds, Languages over the Unary Alphabet}
}
Document
Unambiguity in Automata Theory (Dagstuhl Seminar 21452)

Authors: Thomas Colcombet, Karin Quaas, and Michał Skrzypczak

Published in: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 11, Issue 10 (2022)


Abstract
This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 21452 "Unambiguity in Automata Theory". The aim of the seminar was to improve the understanding of the notion of unambiguity in automata theory, especially with respect to questions related to the expressive power, succinctness, and the tractability of unambiguous devices. The main motivation behind these studies is the hope that unambiguous machines can provide a golden balance between efficiency - sometimes not worse than for deterministic devices - and expressibility / succinctness, which often is similar to the general nondeterministic machines. These trade-offs become especially important in the models where the expressiveness or the decidability status of unambiguous machines is different from that of nondeterministic ones, as it is the case, e.g., for register automata.

Cite as

Thomas Colcombet, Karin Quaas, and Michał Skrzypczak. Unambiguity in Automata Theory (Dagstuhl Seminar 21452). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 11, Issue 10, pp. 57-71, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)


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@Article{colcombet_et_al:DagRep.11.10.57,
  author =	{Colcombet, Thomas and Quaas, Karin and Skrzypczak, Micha{\l}},
  title =	{{Unambiguity in Automata Theory (Dagstuhl Seminar 21452)}},
  pages =	{57--71},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Reports},
  ISSN =	{2192-5283},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{11},
  number =	{10},
  editor =	{Colcombet, Thomas and Quaas, Karin and Skrzypczak, Micha{\l}},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.11.10.57},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-159282},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagRep.11.10.57},
  annote =	{Keywords: Unambiguity in Automata Theory, Dagstuhl Seminar}
}
Document
On Guidable Index of Tree Automata

Authors: Damian Niwiński and Michał Skrzypczak

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 202, 46th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2021)


Abstract
We study guidable parity automata over infinite trees introduced by Colcombet and Löding, which form an expressively complete subclass of all non-deterministic tree automata. We show that, for any non-deterministic automaton, an equivalent guidable automaton with the smallest possible index can be effectively found. Moreover, if an input automaton is of a special kind, i.e. it is deterministic or game automaton then a guidable automaton with an optimal index can be deterministic (respectively game) automaton as well. Recall that the problem whether an equivalent non-deterministic automaton with the smallest possible index can be effectively found is open, and a positive answer is known only in the case when an input automaton is a deterministic, or more generally, a game automaton.

Cite as

Damian Niwiński and Michał Skrzypczak. On Guidable Index of Tree Automata. In 46th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 202, pp. 81:1-81:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)


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@InProceedings{niwinski_et_al:LIPIcs.MFCS.2021.81,
  author =	{Niwi\'{n}ski, Damian and Skrzypczak, Micha{\l}},
  title =	{{On Guidable Index of Tree Automata}},
  booktitle =	{46th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2021)},
  pages =	{81:1--81:14},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-201-3},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{202},
  editor =	{Bonchi, Filippo and Puglisi, Simon J.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2021.81},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-145214},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2021.81},
  annote =	{Keywords: guidable automata, index problem, \omega-regular games}
}
Document
Track B: Automata, Logic, Semantics, and Theory of Programming
Deterministic and Game Separability for Regular Languages of Infinite Trees

Authors: Lorenzo Clemente and Michał Skrzypczak

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 198, 48th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2021)


Abstract
We show that it is decidable whether two regular languages of infinite trees are separable by a deterministic language, resp., a game language. We consider two variants of separability, depending on whether the set of priorities of the separator is fixed, or not. In each case, we show that separability can be decided in EXPTIME, and that separating automata of exponential size suffice. We obtain our results by reducing to infinite duration games with ω-regular winning conditions and applying the finite-memory determinacy theorem of Büchi and Landweber.

Cite as

Lorenzo Clemente and Michał Skrzypczak. Deterministic and Game Separability for Regular Languages of Infinite Trees. In 48th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 198, pp. 126:1-126:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)


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@InProceedings{clemente_et_al:LIPIcs.ICALP.2021.126,
  author =	{Clemente, Lorenzo and Skrzypczak, Micha{\l}},
  title =	{{Deterministic and Game Separability for Regular Languages of Infinite Trees}},
  booktitle =	{48th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2021)},
  pages =	{126:1--126:15},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-195-5},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{198},
  editor =	{Bansal, Nikhil and Merelli, Emanuela and Worrell, James},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2021.126},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-141952},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2021.126},
  annote =	{Keywords: separation, infinite trees, regular languages, deterministic automata, game automata}
}
Document
On the Succinctness of Alternating Parity Good-For-Games Automata

Authors: Udi Boker, Denis Kuperberg, Karoliina Lehtinen, and Michał Skrzypczak

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 182, 40th IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2020)


Abstract
We study alternating parity good-for-games (GFG) automata, i.e., alternating parity automata where both conjunctive and disjunctive choices can be resolved in an online manner, without knowledge of the suffix of the input word still to be read. We show that they can be exponentially more succinct than both their nondeterministic and universal counterparts. Furthermore, we present a single exponential determinisation procedure and an Exptime upper bound to the problem of recognising whether an alternating automaton is GFG. We also study the complexity of deciding "half-GFGness", a property specific to alternating automata that only requires nondeterministic choices to be resolved in an online manner. We show that this problem is PSpace-hard already for alternating automata on finite words.

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Udi Boker, Denis Kuperberg, Karoliina Lehtinen, and Michał Skrzypczak. On the Succinctness of Alternating Parity Good-For-Games Automata. In 40th IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2020). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 182, pp. 41:1-41:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)


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@InProceedings{boker_et_al:LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2020.41,
  author =	{Boker, Udi and Kuperberg, Denis and Lehtinen, Karoliina and Skrzypczak, Micha{\l}},
  title =	{{On the Succinctness of Alternating Parity Good-For-Games Automata}},
  booktitle =	{40th IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2020)},
  pages =	{41:1--41:13},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-174-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2020},
  volume =	{182},
  editor =	{Saxena, Nitin and Simon, Sunil},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2020.41},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-132825},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2020.41},
  annote =	{Keywords: Good for games, history-determinism, alternation}
}
Document
Regular Choice Functions and Uniformisations For countable Domains

Authors: Vincent Michielini and Michał Skrzypczak

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 170, 45th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2020)


Abstract
We view languages of words over a product alphabet A x B as relations between words over A and words over B. This leads to the notion of regular relations - relations given by a regular language. We ask when it is possible to find regular uniformisations of regular relations. The answer depends on the structure or shape of the underlying model: it is true e.g. for ω-words, while false for words over ℤ or for infinite trees. In this paper we focus on countable orders. Our main result characterises, which countable linear orders D have the property that every regular relation between words over D has a regular uniformisation. As it turns out, the only obstacle for uniformisability is the one displayed in the case of ℤ - non-trivial automorphisms of the given structure. Thus, we show that either all regular relations over D have regular uniformisations, or there is a non-trivial automorphism of D and even the simple relation of choice cannot be uniformised. Moreover, this dichotomy is effective.

Cite as

Vincent Michielini and Michał Skrzypczak. Regular Choice Functions and Uniformisations For countable Domains. In 45th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2020). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 170, pp. 69:1-69:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)


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@InProceedings{michielini_et_al:LIPIcs.MFCS.2020.69,
  author =	{Michielini, Vincent and Skrzypczak, Micha{\l}},
  title =	{{Regular Choice Functions and Uniformisations For countable Domains}},
  booktitle =	{45th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2020)},
  pages =	{69:1--69:13},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-159-7},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2020},
  volume =	{170},
  editor =	{Esparza, Javier and Kr\'{a}l', Daniel},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2020.69},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-127386},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2020.69},
  annote =	{Keywords: Uniformisation, Monadic Second-order logic, Countable words}
}
Document
Track B: Automata, Logic, Semantics, and Theory of Programming
Computing Measures of Weak-MSO Definable Sets of Trees

Authors: Damian Niwiński, Marcin Przybyłko, and Michał Skrzypczak

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 168, 47th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2020)


Abstract
This work addresses the problem of computing measures of recognisable sets of infinite trees. An algorithm is provided to compute the probability measure of a tree language recognisable by a weak alternating automaton, or equivalently definable in weak monadic second-order logic. The measure is the uniform coin-flipping measure or more generally it is generated by a branching stochastic process. The class of tree languages in consideration, although smaller than all regular tree languages, comprises in particular the languages definable in the alternation-free μ-calculus or in temporal logic CTL. Thus, the new algorithm may enhance the toolbox of probabilistic model checking.

Cite as

Damian Niwiński, Marcin Przybyłko, and Michał Skrzypczak. Computing Measures of Weak-MSO Definable Sets of Trees. In 47th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2020). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 168, pp. 136:1-136:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)


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@InProceedings{niwinski_et_al:LIPIcs.ICALP.2020.136,
  author =	{Niwi\'{n}ski, Damian and Przyby{\l}ko, Marcin and Skrzypczak, Micha{\l}},
  title =	{{Computing Measures of Weak-MSO Definable Sets of Trees}},
  booktitle =	{47th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2020)},
  pages =	{136:1--136:18},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-138-2},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2020},
  volume =	{168},
  editor =	{Czumaj, Artur and Dawar, Anuj and Merelli, Emanuela},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2020.136},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-125430},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2020.136},
  annote =	{Keywords: infinite trees, weak alternating automata, coin-flipping measure}
}
Document
Uniformisation Gives the Full Strength of Regular Languages

Authors: Nathan Lhote, Vincent Michielini, and Michał Skrzypczak

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 138, 44th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2019)


Abstract
Given R a binary relation between words (which we treat as a language over a product alphabet AxB), a uniformisation of it is another relation L included in R which chooses a single word over B, for each word over A whenever there exists one. It is known that MSO, the full class of regular languages, is strong enough to define a uniformisation for each of its relations. The quest of this work is to see which other formalisms, weaker than MSO, also have this property. In this paper, we solve this problem for pseudo-varieties of semigroups: we show that no nonempty pseudo-variety weaker than MSO can provide uniformisations for its relations.

Cite as

Nathan Lhote, Vincent Michielini, and Michał Skrzypczak. Uniformisation Gives the Full Strength of Regular Languages. In 44th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 138, pp. 61:1-61:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)


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@InProceedings{lhote_et_al:LIPIcs.MFCS.2019.61,
  author =	{Lhote, Nathan and Michielini, Vincent and Skrzypczak, Micha{\l}},
  title =	{{Uniformisation Gives the Full Strength of Regular Languages}},
  booktitle =	{44th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2019)},
  pages =	{61:1--61:13},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-117-7},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{138},
  editor =	{Rossmanith, Peter and Heggernes, Pinar and Katoen, Joost-Pieter},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2019.61},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-110053},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2019.61},
  annote =	{Keywords: pseudo-variety, finite word, semigroup, uniformisation, regular language}
}
Document
Unambiguity and uniformization problems on infinite trees

Authors: Marcin Bilkowski and Michał Skrzypczak

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 23, Computer Science Logic 2013 (CSL 2013)


Abstract
A nondeterministic automaton is called unambiguous if it has at most one accepting run on every input. A regular language is called unambiguous if there exists an unambiguous automaton recognizing this language. Currently, the class of unambiguous languages of infinite trees is not well-understood. In particular, there is no known decision procedure verifying if a given regular tree language is unambiguous. In this work we study the self-dual class of bi-unambiguous languages - languages that are unambiguous and their complement is also unambiguous. It turns out that thin trees (trees with only countably many branches) emerge naturally in this context. We propose a procedure P designed to decide if a given tree automaton recognizes a bi-unambiguous language. The procedure is sound for every input. It is also complete for languages recognisable by deterministic automata. We conjecture that P is complete for all inputs but this depends on a new conjecture stating that there is no MSO-definable choice function on thin trees. This would extend a result by Gurevich and Shelah on the undefinability of choice on the binary tree. We provide a couple of equivalent statements to our conjecture, we also give several related results about uniformizability on thin trees. In particular, we provide a new example of a language that is not unambiguous, namely the language of all thin trees. The main tool in our studies are algebras that can be seen as an adaptation of Wilke algebras to the case of infinite trees.

Cite as

Marcin Bilkowski and Michał Skrzypczak. Unambiguity and uniformization problems on infinite trees. In Computer Science Logic 2013 (CSL 2013). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 23, pp. 81-100, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2013)


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@InProceedings{bilkowski_et_al:LIPIcs.CSL.2013.81,
  author =	{Bilkowski, Marcin and Skrzypczak, Micha{\l}},
  title =	{{Unambiguity and uniformization problems on infinite trees}},
  booktitle =	{Computer Science Logic 2013 (CSL 2013)},
  pages =	{81--100},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-60-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2013},
  volume =	{23},
  editor =	{Ronchi Della Rocca, Simona},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CSL.2013.81},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-41916},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CSL.2013.81},
  annote =	{Keywords: nondeterministic automata, infinite trees, MSO logic}
}
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