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DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2024.31
On the Complexity of Isomorphism Problems for Tensors, Groups, and Polynomials III: Actions by Classical Groups

Authors: Zhili Chen, Joshua A. Grochow, Youming Qiao, Gang Tang, and Chuanqi Zhang

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 287, 15th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2024)

Abstract
We study the complexity of isomorphism problems for d-way arrays, or tensors, under natural actions by classical groups such as orthogonal, unitary, and symplectic groups. These problems arise naturally in statistical data analysis and quantum information. We study two types of complexity-theoretic questions. First, for a fixed action type (isomorphism, conjugacy, etc.), we relate the complexity of the isomorphism problem over a classical group to that over the general linear group. Second, for a fixed group type (orthogonal, unitary, or symplectic), we compare the complexity of the isomorphism problems for different actions. Our main results are as follows. First, for orthogonal and symplectic groups acting on 3-way arrays, the isomorphism problems reduce to the corresponding problems over the general linear group. Second, for orthogonal and unitary groups, the isomorphism problems of five natural actions on 3-way arrays are polynomial-time equivalent, and the d-tensor isomorphism problem reduces to the 3-tensor isomorphism problem for any fixed d > 3. For unitary groups, the preceding result implies that LOCC classification of tripartite quantum states is at least as difficult as LOCC classification of d-partite quantum states for any d. Lastly, we also show that the graph isomorphism problem reduces to the tensor isomorphism problem over orthogonal and unitary groups.
Cite as

Zhili Chen, Joshua A. Grochow, Youming Qiao, Gang Tang, and Chuanqi Zhang. On the Complexity of Isomorphism Problems for Tensors, Groups, and Polynomials III: Actions by Classical Groups. In 15th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 287, pp. 31:1-31:23, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{chen_et_al:LIPIcs.ITCS.2024.31,
  author =	{Chen, Zhili and Grochow, Joshua A. and Qiao, Youming and Tang, Gang and Zhang, Chuanqi},
  title =	{{On the Complexity of Isomorphism Problems for Tensors, Groups, and Polynomials III: Actions by Classical Groups}},
  booktitle =	{15th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2024)},
  pages =	{31:1--31:23},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-309-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{287},
  editor =	{Guruswami, Venkatesan},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2024.31},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-195595},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2024.31},
  annote =	{Keywords: complexity class, tensor isomorphism, polynomial isomorphism, group isomorphism, local operations and classical communication}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2021.38
Average-Case Algorithms for Testing Isomorphism of Polynomials, Algebras, and Multilinear Forms

Authors: Joshua A. Grochow, Youming Qiao, and Gang Tang

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 187, 38th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2021)

Abstract
We study the problems of testing isomorphism of polynomials, algebras, and multilinear forms. Our first main results are average-case algorithms for these problems. For example, we develop an algorithm that takes two cubic forms f, g ∈ 𝔽_q[x_1, … , x_n], and decides whether f and g are isomorphic in time q^O(n) for most f. This average-case setting has direct practical implications, having been studied in multivariate cryptography since the 1990s. Our second result concerns the complexity of testing equivalence of alternating trilinear forms. This problem is of interest in both mathematics and cryptography. We show that this problem is polynomial-time equivalent to testing equivalence of symmetric trilinear forms, by showing that they are both Tensor Isomorphism-complete (Grochow & Qiao, ITCS 2021), therefore is equivalent to testing isomorphism of cubic forms over most fields.
Cite as

Joshua A. Grochow, Youming Qiao, and Gang Tang. Average-Case Algorithms for Testing Isomorphism of Polynomials, Algebras, and Multilinear Forms. In 38th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 187, pp. 38:1-38:17, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)

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@InProceedings{grochow_et_al:LIPIcs.STACS.2021.38,
  author =	{Grochow, Joshua A. and Qiao, Youming and Tang, Gang},
  title =	{{Average-Case Algorithms for Testing Isomorphism of Polynomials, Algebras, and Multilinear Forms}},
  booktitle =	{38th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2021)},
  pages =	{38:1--38:17},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-180-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{187},
  editor =	{Bl\"{a}ser, Markus and Monmege, Benjamin},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2021.38},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-136836},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2021.38},
  annote =	{Keywords: polynomial isomorphism, trilinear form equivalence, algebra isomorphism, average-case algorithms, tensor isomorphism complete, symmetric and alternating bilinear maps}
}
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