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Documents authored by Carneiro, Mario

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2024.35
Formal Verification of the Empty Hexagon Number

Authors: Bernardo Subercaseaux, Wojciech Nawrocki, James Gallicchio, Cayden Codel, Mario Carneiro, and Marijn J. H. Heule

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 309, 15th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2024)

Abstract
A recent breakthrough in computer-assisted mathematics showed that every set of 30 points in the plane in general position (i.e., no three points on a common line) contains an empty convex hexagon. Heule and Scheucher solved this problem with a combination of geometric insights and automated reasoning techniques by constructing CNF formulas ϕ_n, with O(n⁴) clauses, such that if ϕ_n is unsatisfiable then every set of n points in general position must contain an empty convex hexagon. An unsatisfiability proof for n = 30 was then found with a SAT solver using 17 300 CPU hours of parallel computation. In this paper, we formalize and verify this result in the Lean theorem prover. Our formalization covers ideas in discrete computational geometry and SAT encoding techniques by introducing a framework that connects geometric objects to propositional assignments. We see this as a key step towards the formal verification of other SAT-based results in geometry, since the abstractions we use have been successfully applied to similar problems. Overall, we hope that our work sets a new standard for the verification of geometry problems relying on extensive computation, and that it increases the trust the mathematical community places in computer-assisted proofs.
Cite as

Bernardo Subercaseaux, Wojciech Nawrocki, James Gallicchio, Cayden Codel, Mario Carneiro, and Marijn J. H. Heule. Formal Verification of the Empty Hexagon Number. In 15th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 309, pp. 35:1-35:19, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{subercaseaux_et_al:LIPIcs.ITP.2024.35,
  author =	{Subercaseaux, Bernardo and Nawrocki, Wojciech and Gallicchio, James and Codel, Cayden and Carneiro, Mario and Heule, Marijn J. H.},
  title =	{{Formal Verification of the Empty Hexagon Number}},
  booktitle =	{15th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2024)},
  pages =	{35:1--35:19},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-337-9},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{309},
  editor =	{Bertot, Yves and Kutsia, Temur and Norrish, Michael},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2024.35},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-207633},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2024.35},
  annote =	{Keywords: Empty Hexagon Number, Discrete Computational Geometry, Erd\H{o}s-Szekeres}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2023.9
Automated Theorem Proving for Metamath

Authors: Mario Carneiro, Chad E. Brown, and Josef Urban

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 268, 14th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2023)

Abstract
Metamath is a proof assistant that keeps surprising outsiders by its combination of a very minimalist design with a large library of advanced results, ranking high on the Freek Wiedijk’s 100 list. In this work, we develop several translations of the Metamath logic and its large set-theoretical library into higher-order and first-order TPTP formats for automated theorem provers (ATPs). We show that state-of-the-art ATPs can prove 68% of the Metamath problems automatically when using the premises that were used in the human-written Metamath proofs. Finally, we add proof reconstruction and premise selection methods and combine the components into the first hammer system for Metamath.
Cite as

Mario Carneiro, Chad E. Brown, and Josef Urban. Automated Theorem Proving for Metamath. In 14th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2023). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 268, pp. 9:1-9:19, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)

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@InProceedings{carneiro_et_al:LIPIcs.ITP.2023.9,
  author =	{Carneiro, Mario and Brown, Chad E. and Urban, Josef},
  title =	{{Automated Theorem Proving for Metamath}},
  booktitle =	{14th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2023)},
  pages =	{9:1--9:19},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-284-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{268},
  editor =	{Naumowicz, Adam and Thiemann, Ren\'{e}},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2023.9},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-183846},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2023.9},
  annote =	{Keywords: Metamath, Automated theorem proving, Interactive theorem proving, Formal proof assistants, proof discovery}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2023.10
Reimplementing Mizar in Rust

Authors: Mario Carneiro

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 268, 14th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2023)

Abstract
This paper describes a new open-source proof processing tool, mizar-rs, a wholesale reimplementation of core parts of the Mizar proof system, written in Rust. In particular, the "checker" and "analyzer" of Mizar are implemented, which together form the trusted core of Mizar. This is to our knowledge the first and only external implementation of these components. Thanks to the loose coupling of Mizar’s passes, it is possible to use the checker as a drop-in replacement for the original, and we have used this to verify the entire MML in 11.8 minutes on 8 cores, a 4.8× speedup over the original Pascal implementation. Since Mizar is not designed to have a small trusted core, checking Mizar proofs entails following Mizar closely, so our ability to detect bugs is limited. Nevertheless, we were able to find multiple memory errors, four soundness bugs in the original (which were not being exploited in MML), in addition to one non-critical bug which was being exploited in 46 different MML articles. We hope to use this checker as a base for proof export tooling, as well as revitalizing development of the language.
Cite as

Mario Carneiro. Reimplementing Mizar in Rust. In 14th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2023). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 268, pp. 10:1-10:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)

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@InProceedings{carneiro:LIPIcs.ITP.2023.10,
  author =	{Carneiro, Mario},
  title =	{{Reimplementing Mizar in Rust}},
  booktitle =	{14th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2023)},
  pages =	{10:1--10:18},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-284-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{268},
  editor =	{Naumowicz, Adam and Thiemann, Ren\'{e}},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2023.10},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-183852},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2023.10},
  annote =	{Keywords: Mizar, proof checker, software, Rust}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2019.6
Data Types as Quotients of Polynomial Functors

Authors: Jeremy Avigad, Mario Carneiro, and Simon Hudon

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 141, 10th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2019)

Abstract
A broad class of data types, including arbitrary nestings of inductive types, coinductive types, and quotients, can be represented as quotients of polynomial functors. This provides perspicuous ways of constructing them and reasoning about them in an interactive theorem prover.
Cite as

Jeremy Avigad, Mario Carneiro, and Simon Hudon. Data Types as Quotients of Polynomial Functors. In 10th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 141, pp. 6:1-6:19, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@InProceedings{avigad_et_al:LIPIcs.ITP.2019.6,
  author =	{Avigad, Jeremy and Carneiro, Mario and Hudon, Simon},
  title =	{{Data Types as Quotients of Polynomial Functors}},
  booktitle =	{10th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2019)},
  pages =	{6:1--6:19},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-122-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{141},
  editor =	{Harrison, John and O'Leary, John and Tolmach, Andrew},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2019.6},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-110612},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2019.6},
  annote =	{Keywords: data types, polynomial functors, inductive types, coinductive types}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2019.12
Formalizing Computability Theory via Partial Recursive Functions

Authors: Mario Carneiro

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 141, 10th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2019)

Abstract
We present an extension to the mathlib library of the Lean theorem prover formalizing the foundations of computability theory. We use primitive recursive functions and partial recursive functions as the main objects of study, and we use a constructive encoding of partial functions such that they are executable when the programs in question provably halt. Main theorems include the construction of a universal partial recursive function and a proof of the undecidability of the halting problem. Type class inference provides a transparent way to supply Gödel numberings where needed and encapsulate the encoding details.
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Mario Carneiro. Formalizing Computability Theory via Partial Recursive Functions. In 10th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 141, pp. 12:1-12:17, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@InProceedings{carneiro:LIPIcs.ITP.2019.12,
  author =	{Carneiro, Mario},
  title =	{{Formalizing Computability Theory via Partial Recursive Functions}},
  booktitle =	{10th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2019)},
  pages =	{12:1--12:17},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-122-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{141},
  editor =	{Harrison, John and O'Leary, John and Tolmach, Andrew},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2019.12},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-110671},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2019.12},
  annote =	{Keywords: Lean, computability, halting problem, primitive recursion}
}
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