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DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2023.1
Warp-Level CFG Construction for GPU Kernel WCET Analysis

Authors: Louison Jeanmougin, Pascal Sotin, Christine Rochange, and Thomas Carle

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 114, 21th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis (WCET 2023)

Abstract
We present an abstract interpretation technique to automatically build a Control Flow Graph (CFG) representation of the execution of a GPU kernel. GPUs implement an inherently parallel execution model, in which threads are grouped within so-called warps that execute in lockstep. This execution model enables the representation of the execution of the threads of a warp as a single CFG. However, thread divergence may appear within a warp and its effect must be captured explicitly within the CFG. Our method builds the CFG of a warp by applying abstract interpretation on the assembly (Nvidia SASS) code of a kernel, and by maintaining an abstract representation of which threads within the warp agree on which values. This allows the method to detect precisely the points in the program where thread divergence may occur, and avoid spurious reactivation edges in the CFG. We apply our technique on benchmark kernels as a proof-of-concept, and generate IPET systems using the resulting CFGs.
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Louison Jeanmougin, Pascal Sotin, Christine Rochange, and Thomas Carle. Warp-Level CFG Construction for GPU Kernel WCET Analysis. In 21th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis (WCET 2023). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 114, pp. 1:1-1:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)

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@InProceedings{jeanmougin_et_al:OASIcs.WCET.2023.1,
  author =	{Jeanmougin, Louison and Sotin, Pascal and Rochange, Christine and Carle, Thomas},
  title =	{{Warp-Level CFG Construction for GPU Kernel WCET Analysis}},
  booktitle =	{21th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis (WCET 2023)},
  pages =	{1:1--1:13},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-293-8},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{114},
  editor =	{W\"{a}gemann, Peter},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2023.1},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-184303},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2023.1},
  annote =	{Keywords: Graphical Processing Unit (GPU), Control Flow Graphs (CFG), Worst-Case Execution Time (WCET), Program analysis}
}
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