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Documents authored by Kern-Isberner, Gabriele

Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagRep.9.2.73
The Role of Non-monotonic Reasoning in Future Development of Artificial Intelligence (Dagstuhl Perspectives Workshop 19072)

Authors: Anthony Hunter, Gabriele Kern-Isberner, Thomas Meyer, and Renata Wassermann

Published in: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 9, Issue 2 (2019)

Abstract
This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Perspectives Workshop 19072 "The Role of Non-monotonic Reasoning in Future Development of Artificial Intelligence". The workshop brought together researchers both from core topics and peripheral areas of non-monotonic reasoning (NMR), but also attracted researchers from other scientific domains in which recent developments have shown an increased relevance of NMR topics. The overall goal of this workshop was to reshape NMR as a core methodology for artificial intelligence being able to meet present and future challenges. Participants of this workshop discussed in what shape NMR would be useful for future AI, and how NMR can be developed for those requirements. The workshop started with brief survey talks and had some technical talks on central topics of NMR afterwards. These were followed by working groups on core aspects of NMR and potential links with learning. On the last day of the seminar, each working group presented their ideas and future plans. The workshop closed with a plenary discussion on the future of NMR.
Cite as

Anthony Hunter, Gabriele Kern-Isberner, Thomas Meyer, and Renata Wassermann. The Role of Non-monotonic Reasoning in Future Development of Artificial Intelligence (Dagstuhl Perspectives Workshop 19072). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 9, Issue 2, pp. 73-90, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@Article{hunter_et_al:DagRep.9.2.73,
  author =	{Hunter, Anthony and Kern-Isberner, Gabriele and Meyer, Thomas and Wassermann, Renata},
  title =	{{The Role of Non-monotonic Reasoning in Future Development of Artificial Intelligence (Dagstuhl Perspectives Workshop 19072)}},
  pages =	{73--90},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Reports},
  ISSN =	{2192-5283},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{9},
  number =	{2},
  editor =	{Hunter, Anthony and Kern-Isberner, Gabriele and Meyer, Thomas and Wassermann, Renata},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.9.2.73},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-108601},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagRep.9.2.73},
  annote =	{Keywords: Artificial intelligence, Knowledge representation and reasoning, Nonmonotonic, default reasoning and belief revision, Probabilistic reasoning, Logic programming and answer set programming, Ontology engineering, Cognitive science, Machine learning}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagRep.9.1.47
Conditional Logics and Conditional Reasoning: New Joint Perspectives (Dagstuhl Seminar 19032)

Authors: Guillaume Aucher, Paul Egré, Gabriele Kern-Isberner, and Francesca Poggliesi

Published in: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 9, Issue 1 (2019)

Abstract
In the last decades, with the emergence of artificial intelligence, a large number of logics called conditional logics have been introduced to model our conditional reasoning captured by so--called conditionals, which are statements of the form `if A then B'. More recently, conditional reasoning has also come under scrutiny by psychologists, yet with more pragmatic and empirical considerations. The main objective of this seminar was to provide an opportunity for these different communities working on that topic to meet and reinforce their ties. We focused on three specific issues. First, we investigated how people's intuitions about `counterpossibles' can be understood empirically and classified with respect to the theoretical accounts of conditional logics. Second, we reconsidered the various semantics of system P and we wondered to which extent pragmatics plays a role in the relevance relation between the antecedant and the consequent of a conditional. Third, we strove to apply the recent advances in proof theory and correspondence theory to conditional logics. These working groups were preceded by short talks and tutorials.
Cite as

Guillaume Aucher, Paul Egré, Gabriele Kern-Isberner, and Francesca Poggliesi. Conditional Logics and Conditional Reasoning: New Joint Perspectives (Dagstuhl Seminar 19032). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 9, Issue 1, pp. 47-66, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@Article{aucher_et_al:DagRep.9.1.47,
  author =	{Aucher, Guillaume and Egr\'{e}, Paul and Kern-Isberner, Gabriele and Poggliesi, Francesca},
  title =	{{Conditional Logics and Conditional Reasoning: New Joint Perspectives (Dagstuhl Seminar 19032)}},
  pages =	{47--66},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Reports},
  ISSN =	{2192-5283},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{9},
  number =	{1},
  editor =	{Aucher, Guillaume and Egr\'{e}, Paul and Kern-Isberner, Gabriele and Poggliesi, Francesca},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.9.1.47},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-105693},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagRep.9.1.47},
  annote =	{Keywords: Commonsense reasoning, conditionals, correspondence theory, proof theory, psychology of reasoning}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagRep.5.5.92
Multi-disciplinary Approaches to Reasoning with Imperfect Information and Knowledge - a Synthesis and a Roadmap of Challenges (Dagstuhl Seminar 15221)

Authors: Igor Douven, Gabriele Kern-Isberner, Markus Knauff, and Henri Prade

Published in: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 5, Issue 5 (2016)

Abstract
This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 15221 "Multi-disciplinary approaches to reasoning with imperfect information and knowledge - a synthesis and a roadmap of challenges". This multi-disciplinary seminar brought together researchers from computer science, philosophy and psychology dealing with topics of rational reasoning, reasoning with imperfect information and rational decision making in real world problems. The different views from computational, logical and cognitive perspectives provided new insights on overlapping goals and complemtary questions, for instance, when psychologists being interested in new formal models and computer scientists being interested whether their developed methods are materially adequate discussed logical and terminological backgrounds with philosophers. The combination of introductory talks, presentations and discussions of current work of the participants and discussion groups dealing with general questions lead to fruitful discussions where challenges for new paradigms of rational reasoning as well as visions and foci for interdisciplinary work were raised.
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Igor Douven, Gabriele Kern-Isberner, Markus Knauff, and Henri Prade. Multi-disciplinary Approaches to Reasoning with Imperfect Information and Knowledge - a Synthesis and a Roadmap of Challenges (Dagstuhl Seminar 15221). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 5, Issue 5, pp. 92-114, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2016)

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@Article{douven_et_al:DagRep.5.5.92,
  author =	{Douven, Igor and Kern-Isberner, Gabriele and Knauff, Markus and Prade, Henri},
  title =	{{Multi-disciplinary Approaches to Reasoning with Imperfect Information and Knowledge - a Synthesis and a Roadmap of Challenges (Dagstuhl Seminar 15221)}},
  pages =	{92--114},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Reports},
  ISSN =	{2192-5283},
  year =	{2016},
  volume =	{5},
  number =	{5},
  editor =	{Douven, Igor and Kern-Isberner, Gabriele and Knauff, Markus and Prade, Henri},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.5.5.92},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-54033},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagRep.5.5.92},
  annote =	{Keywords: uncertain reasoning; commonsense reasoning; rational reasoning; conditionals; nonmonotonic logics; belief revision; similarity-based reasoning: case-based, interpolative, extrapolative, and analogical reasoning; reasoning on time, space, and causality; abductive reasoning; semantical framework}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.07351.4
A conceptual framework for (iterated) revision, update, and nonmonotonic reasoning

Authors: Gabriele Kern-Isberner

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 7351, Formal Models of Belief Change in Rational Agents (2007)

Abstract
This paper makes a foundational contribution to the discussions on the very nature of belief change operations. Belief revision and belief update are investigated within an abstract framework of epistemic states and (qualitative or quantitative) conditionals. Moreover, we distinguish between background knowledge and contextual information in order to analyse belief change more appropriately. The rich epistemic representation framework allows us to make a clear conceptual distinction between revision and update on the one side, while revealing structural similarities on the other side. We propose generic postulates for revision and update that also apply to iterated change. Furthermore, we complete the unifying picture by introducing universal inference operations as a proper counterpart in nonmonotonic reasoning to iterated belief change.
Cite as

Gabriele Kern-Isberner. A conceptual framework for (iterated) revision, update, and nonmonotonic reasoning. In Formal Models of Belief Change in Rational Agents. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 7351, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)

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@InProceedings{kernisberner:DagSemProc.07351.4,
  author =	{Kern-Isberner, Gabriele},
  title =	{{A conceptual framework for (iterated) revision, update, and nonmonotonic reasoning}},
  booktitle =	{Formal Models of Belief Change in Rational Agents},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{7351},
  editor =	{Giacomo Bonanno and James Delgrande and J\'{e}r\^{o}me Lang and Hans Rott},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.07351.4},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-12082},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.07351.4},
  annote =	{Keywords: Belief revision, belief update, nonmonotonic inference, epistemic states, conditionals}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.05321.13
Probabilistic Abduction Without Priors

Authors: Didier Dubois, Angelo Gilio, and Gabriele Kern-Isberner

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 5321, Belief Change in Rational Agents: Perspectives from Artificial Intelligence, Philosophy, and Economics (2005)

Abstract
This paper considers the simple problem of abduction in the framework of Bayes theorem, i.e. computing a posterior probability of an hypothesis when its prior probability is not available, either because there are no statistical data on which to rely on, or simply because a human expert is reluctant to provide a subjective assessment of this prior probability. The problem remains an open issue since a simple sensitivity analysis on the value of the unknown prior yields empty results. This paper tries to survey and comment on various solutions to this problem: the use of likelihood functions (as in classical statistics), the use of information principles like maximal entropy, Shapley value, maximum likelihood. We also study the problem in the setting of de Finetti coherence approach, which does not exclude conditioning on contingent events with zero probability. We show that the ad hoc likelihood function method, that can be reinterpreted in terms of possibility theory, is consistent with most other formal approaches. However, the maximal entropy solution is significantly different.
Cite as

Didier Dubois, Angelo Gilio, and Gabriele Kern-Isberner. Probabilistic Abduction Without Priors. In Belief Change in Rational Agents: Perspectives from Artificial Intelligence, Philosophy, and Economics. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 5321, pp. 1-8, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2005)

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@InProceedings{dubois_et_al:DagSemProc.05321.13,
  author =	{Dubois, Didier and Gilio, Angelo and Kern-Isberner, Gabriele},
  title =	{{Probabilistic Abduction Without Priors}},
  booktitle =	{Belief Change in Rational Agents: Perspectives from Artificial Intelligence, Philosophy, and Economics},
  pages =	{1--8},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2005},
  volume =	{5321},
  editor =	{James Delgrande and Jerome Lang and Hans Rott and Jean-Marc Tallon},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.05321.13},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-3286},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.05321.13},
  annote =	{Keywords: Conditional probability, Bayes Theorem, imprecise probability, entropy, possibility theory, maximum likelihood}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.05171.4
Modelling and Implementing a Knowledge Base for Checking Medical Invoices with DLV

Authors: Gabriele Kern-Isberner, Christoph Beierle, and Oliver Dusso

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 5171, Nonmonotonic Reasoning, Answer Set Programming and Constraints (2005)

Abstract
Checking medical invoices, done by every health insurance company, is a labor-intensive task. Both speed and quality of executing this task may be increased by the knowledge-based decision support system ACMI which we present in this paper. As the relevant regulations also contain various default rules, ACMI`s knowledge core is modelled using the answer set programming paradigm. It turned out that all relevant rules could be expressed directly in this framework, providing for a declarative and easily extendable and modifiable knowledge base. ACMI is implemented using the DLV system.
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Gabriele Kern-Isberner, Christoph Beierle, and Oliver Dusso. Modelling and Implementing a Knowledge Base for Checking Medical Invoices with DLV. In Nonmonotonic Reasoning, Answer Set Programming and Constraints. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 5171, pp. 1-12, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2005)

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@InProceedings{kernisberner_et_al:DagSemProc.05171.4,
  author =	{Kern-Isberner, Gabriele and Beierle, Christoph and Dusso, Oliver},
  title =	{{Modelling and Implementing a Knowledge Base for Checking Medical Invoices with DLV}},
  booktitle =	{Nonmonotonic Reasoning, Answer Set Programming and Constraints},
  pages =	{1--12},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2005},
  volume =	{5171},
  editor =	{Gerhard Brewka and Ilkka Niemel\"{a} and Torsten Schaub and Miroslaw Truszczynski},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.05171.4},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-2610},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.05171.4},
  annote =	{Keywords: Answer sets, default rules, health insurance, rule schemas}
}
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