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Documents authored by Pina, Luís

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECOOP.2023.26
Sinatra: Stateful Instantaneous Updates for Commercial Browsers Through Multi-Version eXecution

Authors: Ugnius Rumsevicius, Siddhanth Venkateshwaran, Ellen Kidane, and Luís Pina

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 263, 37th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2023)

Abstract
Browsers are the main way in which most users experience the internet, which makes them a prime target for malicious entities. The best defense for the common user is to keep their browser always up-to-date, installing updates as soon as they are available. Unfortunately, updating a browser is disruptive as it results in loss of user state. Even though modern browsers reopen all pages (tabs) after an update to minimize inconvenience, this approach still loses all local user state in each page (e.g., contents of unsubmitted forms, including associated JavaScript validation state) and assumes that pages can be refreshed and result in the same contents. We believe this is an important barrier that keeps users from updating their browsers as frequently as possible. In this paper, we present the design, implementation, and evaluation of Sinatra, which supports instantaneous browser updates that do not result in any data loss through a novel Multi-Version eXecution (MVX) approach for JavaScript programs, combined with a sophisticated proxy. Sinatra works in pure JavaScript, does not require any browser support, thus works on closed-source browsers, and requires trivial changes to each target page, that can be automated. First, Sinatra captures all the non-determinism available to a JavaScript program (e.g., event handlers executed, expired timers, invocations of Math.random). Our evaluation shows that Sinatra requires 6MB to store such events, and the memory grows at a modest rate of 253KB/s as the user keeps interacting with each page. When an update becomes available, Sinatra transfer the state by re-executing the same set of non-deterministic events on the new browser. During this time, which can be as long as 1.5 seconds, Sinatra uses MVX to allow the user to keep interacting with the old browser. Finally, Sinatra changes the roles in less than 10ms, and the user starts interacting with the new browser, effectively performing a browser update with zero downtime and no loss of state.
Cite as

Ugnius Rumsevicius, Siddhanth Venkateshwaran, Ellen Kidane, and Luís Pina. Sinatra: Stateful Instantaneous Updates for Commercial Browsers Through Multi-Version eXecution. In 37th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2023). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 263, pp. 26:1-26:29, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)

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@InProceedings{rumsevicius_et_al:LIPIcs.ECOOP.2023.26,
  author =	{Rumsevicius, Ugnius and Venkateshwaran, Siddhanth and Kidane, Ellen and Pina, Lu{\'\i}s},
  title =	{{Sinatra: Stateful Instantaneous Updates for Commercial Browsers Through Multi-Version eXecution}},
  booktitle =	{37th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2023)},
  pages =	{26:1--26:29},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-281-5},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{263},
  editor =	{Ali, Karim and Salvaneschi, Guido},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECOOP.2023.26},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-182190},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECOOP.2023.26},
  annote =	{Keywords: Internet browsers, dynamic software updating, multi-version execution}
}
Document
Artifact
DOI: 10.4230/DARTS.9.2.3
Sinatra: Stateful Instantaneous Updates for Commercial Browsers Through Multi-Version eXecution (Artifact)

Authors: Ugnius Rumsevicius, Siddhanth Venkateshwaran, Ellen Kidane, and Luís Pina

Published in: DARTS, Volume 9, Issue 2, Special Issue of the 37th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2023)

Abstract
This document describes the artifact for the paper Sinatra: Stateful Instantaneous Updates for Commercial Browsers through Multi-Version eXecution.
Cite as

Ugnius Rumsevicius, Siddhanth Venkateshwaran, Ellen Kidane, and Luís Pina. Sinatra: Stateful Instantaneous Updates for Commercial Browsers Through Multi-Version eXecution (Artifact). In Special Issue of the 37th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2023). Dagstuhl Artifacts Series (DARTS), Volume 9, Issue 2, pp. 3:1-3:2, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)

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@Article{rumsevicius_et_al:DARTS.9.2.3,
  author =	{Rumsevicius, Ugnius and Venkateshwaran, Siddhanth and Kidane, Ellen and Pina, Lu{\'\i}s},
  title =	{{Sinatra: Stateful Instantaneous Updates for Commercial Browsers Through Multi-Version eXecution (Artifact)}},
  pages =	{3:1--3:2},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Artifacts Series},
  ISSN =	{2509-8195},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{9},
  number =	{2},
  editor =	{Rumsevicius, Ugnius and Venkateshwaran, Siddhanth and Kidane, Ellen and Pina, Lu{\'\i}s},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DARTS.9.2.3},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-182431},
  doi =		{10.4230/DARTS.9.2.3},
  annote =	{Keywords: Internet browsers, dynamic software updating, multi-version execution}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECOOP.2018.17
CROCHET: Checkpoint and Rollback via Lightweight Heap Traversal on Stock JVMs

Authors: Jonathan Bell and Luís Pina

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 109, 32nd European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2018)

Abstract
Checkpoint/rollback (CR) mechanisms create snapshots of the state of a running application, allowing it to later be restored to that checkpointed snapshot. Support for checkpoint/rollback enables many program analyses and software engineering techniques, including test generation, fault tolerance, and speculative execution. Fully automatic CR support is built into some modern operating systems. However, such systems perform checkpoints at the coarse granularity of whole pages of virtual memory, which imposes relatively high overhead to incrementally capture the changing state of a process, and makes it difficult for applications to checkpoint only some logical portions of their state. CR systems implemented at the application level and with a finer granularity typically require complex developer support to identify: (1) where checkpoints can take place, and (2) which program state needs to be copied. A popular compromise is to implement CR support in managed runtime environments, e.g. the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), but this typically requires specialized, non-standard runtime environments, limiting portability and adoption of this approach. In this paper, we present a novel approach for Checkpoint ROllbaCk via lightweight HEap Traversal (Crochet), which enables fully automatic fine-grained lightweight checkpoints within unmodified commodity JVMs (specifically Oracle's HotSpot and OpenJDK). Leveraging key insights about the internal design common to modern JVMs, Crochet works entirely through bytecode rewriting and standard debug APIs, utilizing special proxy objects to perform a lazy heap traversal that starts at the root references and traverses the heap as objects are accessed, copying or restoring state as needed and removing each proxy immediately after it is used. We evaluated Crochet on the DaCapo benchmark suite, finding it to have very low runtime overhead in steady state (ranging from no overhead to 1.29x slowdown), and that it often outperforms a state-of-the-art system-level checkpoint tool when creating large checkpoints.
Cite as

Jonathan Bell and Luís Pina. CROCHET: Checkpoint and Rollback via Lightweight Heap Traversal on Stock JVMs. In 32nd European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 109, pp. 17:1-17:31, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)

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@InProceedings{bell_et_al:LIPIcs.ECOOP.2018.17,
  author =	{Bell, Jonathan and Pina, Lu{\'\i}s},
  title =	{{CROCHET: Checkpoint and Rollback via Lightweight Heap Traversal on Stock JVMs}},
  booktitle =	{32nd European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2018)},
  pages =	{17:1--17:31},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-079-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{109},
  editor =	{Millstein, Todd},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECOOP.2018.17},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-92223},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECOOP.2018.17},
  annote =	{Keywords: Checkpoint rollback, runtime systems, dynamic analysis}
}
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