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Documents authored by Bhattacharya, Sayan

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2024.23
Density-Sensitive Algorithms for (Δ + 1)-Edge Coloring

Authors: Sayan Bhattacharya, Martín Costa, Nadav Panski, and Shay Solomon

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 308, 32nd Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2024)

Abstract
Vizing’s theorem asserts the existence of a (Δ+1)-edge coloring for any graph G, where Δ = Δ(G) denotes the maximum degree of G. Several polynomial time (Δ+1)-edge coloring algorithms are known, and the state-of-the-art running time (up to polylogarithmic factors) is Õ(min{m √n, m Δ}), by Gabow, Nishizeki, Kariv, Leven and Terada from 1985, where n and m denote the number of vertices and edges in the graph, respectively. Recently, Sinnamon shaved off a polylog(n) factor from the time bound of Gabow et al. The arboricity α = α(G) of a graph G is the minimum number of edge-disjoint forests into which its edge set can be partitioned, and it is a measure of the graph’s "uniform density". While α ≤ Δ in any graph, many natural and real-world graphs exhibit a significant separation between α and Δ. In this work we design a (Δ+1)-edge coloring algorithm with a running time of Õ(min{m √n, m Δ})⋅ α/Δ, thus improving the longstanding time barrier by a factor of α/Δ. In particular, we achieve a near-linear runtime for bounded arboricity graphs (i.e., α = Õ(1)) as well as when α = Õ(Δ/√n). Our algorithm builds on Gabow et al.’s and Sinnamon’s algorithms, and can be viewed as a density-sensitive refinement of them.
Cite as

Sayan Bhattacharya, Martín Costa, Nadav Panski, and Shay Solomon. Density-Sensitive Algorithms for (Δ + 1)-Edge Coloring. In 32nd Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 308, pp. 23:1-23:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{bhattacharya_et_al:LIPIcs.ESA.2024.23,
  author =	{Bhattacharya, Sayan and Costa, Mart{\'\i}n and Panski, Nadav and Solomon, Shay},
  title =	{{Density-Sensitive Algorithms for (\Delta + 1)-Edge Coloring}},
  booktitle =	{32nd Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2024)},
  pages =	{23:1--23:18},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-338-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{308},
  editor =	{Chan, Timothy and Fischer, Johannes and Iacono, John and Herman, Grzegorz},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2024.23},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-210945},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2024.23},
  annote =	{Keywords: Graph Algorithms, Edge Coloring, Arboricity}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.SWAT.2024.12
Arboricity-Dependent Algorithms for Edge Coloring

Authors: Sayan Bhattacharya, Martín Costa, Nadav Panski, and Shay Solomon

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 294, 19th Scandinavian Symposium and Workshops on Algorithm Theory (SWAT 2024)

Abstract
The problem of edge coloring has been extensively studied over the years. Recently, this problem has received significant attention in the dynamic setting, where we are given a dynamic graph evolving via a sequence of edge insertions and deletions and our objective is to maintain an edge coloring of the graph. Currently, it is not known whether it is possible to maintain a (Δ + O(Δ^(1-μ)))-edge coloring in Õ(1) update time, for any constant μ > 0, where Δ is the maximum degree of the graph. In this paper, we show how to efficiently maintain a (Δ + O(α))-edge coloring in Õ(1) amortized update time, where α is the arboricty of the graph. Thus, we answer this question in the affirmative for graphs of sufficiently small arboricity.
Cite as

Sayan Bhattacharya, Martín Costa, Nadav Panski, and Shay Solomon. Arboricity-Dependent Algorithms for Edge Coloring. In 19th Scandinavian Symposium and Workshops on Algorithm Theory (SWAT 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 294, pp. 12:1-12:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{bhattacharya_et_al:LIPIcs.SWAT.2024.12,
  author =	{Bhattacharya, Sayan and Costa, Mart{\'\i}n and Panski, Nadav and Solomon, Shay},
  title =	{{Arboricity-Dependent Algorithms for Edge Coloring}},
  booktitle =	{19th Scandinavian Symposium and Workshops on Algorithm Theory (SWAT 2024)},
  pages =	{12:1--12:15},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-318-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{294},
  editor =	{Bodlaender, Hans L.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.SWAT.2024.12},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-200524},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.SWAT.2024.12},
  annote =	{Keywords: Dynamic Algorithms, Graph Algorithms, Edge Coloring, Arboricity}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2022.17
Simple Dynamic Spanners with Near-Optimal Recourse Against an Adaptive Adversary

Authors: Sayan Bhattacharya, Thatchaphol Saranurak, and Pattara Sukprasert

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 244, 30th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2022)

Abstract
Designing dynamic algorithms against an adaptive adversary whose performance match the ones assuming an oblivious adversary is a major research program in the field of dynamic graph algorithms. One of the prominent examples whose oblivious-vs-adaptive gap remains maximally large is the fully dynamic spanner problem; there exist algorithms assuming an oblivious adversary with near-optimal size-stretch trade-off using only polylog(n) update time [Baswana, Khurana, and Sarkar TALG'12; Forster and Goranci STOC'19; Bernstein, Forster, and Henzinger SODA'20], while against an adaptive adversary, even when we allow infinite time and only count recourse (i.e. the number of edge changes per update in the maintained spanner), all previous algorithms with stretch at most log⁵(n) require at least Ω(n) amortized recourse [Ausiello, Franciosa, and Italiano ESA'05]. In this paper, we completely close this gap with respect to recourse by showing algorithms against an adaptive adversary with near-optimal size-stretch trade-off and recourse. More precisely, for any k ≥ 1, our algorithm maintains a (2k-1)-spanner of size O(n^{1+1/k}log n) with O(log n) amortized recourse, which is optimal in all parameters up to a O(log n) factor. As a step toward algorithms with small update time (not just recourse), we show another algorithm that maintains a 3-spanner of size Õ(n^{1.5}) with polylog(n) amortized recourse and simultaneously Õ(√n) worst-case update time.
Cite as

Sayan Bhattacharya, Thatchaphol Saranurak, and Pattara Sukprasert. Simple Dynamic Spanners with Near-Optimal Recourse Against an Adaptive Adversary. In 30th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 244, pp. 17:1-17:19, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)

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@InProceedings{bhattacharya_et_al:LIPIcs.ESA.2022.17,
  author =	{Bhattacharya, Sayan and Saranurak, Thatchaphol and Sukprasert, Pattara},
  title =	{{Simple Dynamic Spanners with Near-Optimal Recourse Against an Adaptive Adversary}},
  booktitle =	{30th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2022)},
  pages =	{17:1--17:19},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-247-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{244},
  editor =	{Chechik, Shiri and Navarro, Gonzalo and Rotenberg, Eva and Herman, Grzegorz},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2022.17},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-169555},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2022.17},
  annote =	{Keywords: Algorithms, Dynamic Algorithms, Spanners, Recourse}
}
Document
Track A: Algorithms, Complexity and Games
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2021.27
Deterministic Rounding of Dynamic Fractional Matchings

Authors: Sayan Bhattacharya and Peter Kiss

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 198, 48th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2021)

Abstract
We present a framework for deterministically rounding a dynamic fractional matching. Applying our framework in a black-box manner on top of existing fractional matching algorithms, we derive the following new results: (1) The first deterministic algorithm for maintaining a (2-δ)-approximate maximum matching in a fully dynamic bipartite graph, in arbitrarily small polynomial update time. (2) The first deterministic algorithm for maintaining a (1+δ)-approximate maximum matching in a decremental bipartite graph, in polylogarithmic update time. (3) The first deterministic algorithm for maintaining a (2+δ)-approximate maximum matching in a fully dynamic general graph, in small polylogarithmic (specifically, O(log⁴ n)) update time. These results are respectively obtained by applying our framework on top of the fractional matching algorithms of Bhattacharya et al. [STOC'16], Bernstein et al. [FOCS'20], and Bhattacharya and Kulkarni [SODA'19]. Previously, there were two known general-purpose rounding schemes for dynamic fractional matchings. Both these schemes, by Arar et al. [ICALP'18] and Wajc [STOC'20], were randomized. Our rounding scheme works by maintaining a good matching-sparsifier with bounded arboricity, and then applying the algorithm of Peleg and Solomon [SODA'16] to maintain a near-optimal matching in this low arboricity graph. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first dynamic matching algorithm that works on general graphs by using an algorithm for low-arboricity graphs as a black-box subroutine. This feature of our rounding scheme might be of independent interest.
Cite as

Sayan Bhattacharya and Peter Kiss. Deterministic Rounding of Dynamic Fractional Matchings. In 48th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 198, pp. 27:1-27:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)

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@InProceedings{bhattacharya_et_al:LIPIcs.ICALP.2021.27,
  author =	{Bhattacharya, Sayan and Kiss, Peter},
  title =	{{Deterministic Rounding of Dynamic Fractional Matchings}},
  booktitle =	{48th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2021)},
  pages =	{27:1--27:14},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-195-5},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{198},
  editor =	{Bansal, Nikhil and Merelli, Emanuela and Worrell, James},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2021.27},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-140960},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2021.27},
  annote =	{Keywords: Matching, Dynamic Algorithms, Data Structures}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2017.15
Improved Algorithm for Dynamic b-Matching

Authors: Sayan Bhattacharya, Manoj Gupta, and Divyarthi Mohan

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 87, 25th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2017)

Abstract
Recently there has been extensive work on maintaining (approximate) maximum matchings in dynamic graphs. We consider a generalisation of this problem known as the maximum b-matching: Every node v has a positive integral capacity b_v, and the goal is to maintain an (approximate) maximum-cardinality subset of edges that contains at most b_v edges incident on every node v. The maximum matching problem is a special case of this problem where b_v = 1 for every node v. Bhattacharya, Henzinger and Italiano [ICALP 2015] showed how to maintain a O(1) approximate maximum b-matching in a graph in O(log^3 n) amortised update time. Their approximation ratio was a large (double digit) constant. We significantly improve their result both in terms of approximation ratio as well as update time. Specifically, we design a randomised dynamic algorithm that maintains a (2+epsilon)-approximate maximum $b$-matching in expected amortised O(1/epsilon^4) update time. Thus, for every constant epsilon in (0, 1), we get expected amortised O(1) update time. Our algorithm generalises the framework of Baswana, Gupta, Sen [FOCS 2011] and Solomon [FOCS 2016] for maintaining a maximal matching in a dynamic graph.
Cite as

Sayan Bhattacharya, Manoj Gupta, and Divyarthi Mohan. Improved Algorithm for Dynamic b-Matching. In 25th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2017). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 87, pp. 15:1-15:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)

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@InProceedings{bhattacharya_et_al:LIPIcs.ESA.2017.15,
  author =	{Bhattacharya, Sayan and Gupta, Manoj and Mohan, Divyarthi},
  title =	{{Improved Algorithm for Dynamic b-Matching}},
  booktitle =	{25th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2017)},
  pages =	{15:1--15:13},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-049-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{87},
  editor =	{Pruhs, Kirk and Sohler, Christian},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2017.15},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-78443},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2017.15},
  annote =	{Keywords: dynamic data structures, graph algorithms}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2015.90
Welfare Maximization with Friends-of-Friends Network Externalities

Authors: Sayan Bhattacharya, Wolfgang Dvorák, Monika Henzinger, and Martin Starnberger

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 30, 32nd International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2015)

Abstract
Online social networks allow the collection of large amounts of data about the influence between users connected by a friendship-like relationship. When distributing items among agents forming a social network, this information allows us to exploit network externalities that each agent receives from his neighbors that get the same item. In this paper we consider Friends-of-Friends (2-hop) network externalities, i.e., externalities that not only depend on the neighbors that get the same item but also on neighbors of neighbors. For these externalities we study a setting where multiple different items are assigned to unit-demand agents. Specifically, we study the problem of welfare maximization under different types of externality functions. Let n be the number of agents and m be the number of items. Our contributions are the following: (1) We show that welfare maximization is APX-hard; we show that even for step functions with 2-hop (and also with 1-hop) externalities it is NP-hard to approximate social welfare better than (1-1/e). (2) On the positive side we present (i) an O(sqrt n)-approximation algorithm for general concave externality functions, (ii) an O(\log m)-approximation algorithm for linear externality functions, and (iii) an (1-1/e)\frac{1}{6}-approximation algorithm for 2-hop step function externalities. We also improve the result from [6] for 1-hop step function externalities by giving a (1-1/e)/2-approximation algorithm.
Cite as

Sayan Bhattacharya, Wolfgang Dvorák, Monika Henzinger, and Martin Starnberger. Welfare Maximization with Friends-of-Friends Network Externalities. In 32nd International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2015). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 30, pp. 90-102, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2015)

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@InProceedings{bhattacharya_et_al:LIPIcs.STACS.2015.90,
  author =	{Bhattacharya, Sayan and Dvor\'{a}k, Wolfgang and Henzinger, Monika and Starnberger, Martin},
  title =	{{Welfare Maximization with Friends-of-Friends Network Externalities}},
  booktitle =	{32nd International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2015)},
  pages =	{90--102},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-78-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2015},
  volume =	{30},
  editor =	{Mayr, Ernst W. and Ollinger, Nicolas},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2015.90},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-49066},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2015.90},
  annote =	{Keywords: network externalities, welfare maximization, approximation algorithms}
}
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