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Documents authored by Boneh, Itai

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2024.31
String 2-Covers with No Length Restrictions

Authors: Itai Boneh, Shay Golan, and Arseny Shur

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 308, 32nd Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2024)

Abstract
A λ-cover of a string S is a set of strings {C_i}₁^λ such that every index in S is contained in an occurrence of at least one string C_i. The existence of a 1-cover defines a well-known class of quasi-periodic strings. Quasi-periodicity can be decided in linear time, and all 1-covers of a string can be reported in linear time as well. Since in general it is NP-complete to decide whether a string has a λ-cover, the natural next step is the development of efficient algorithms for 2-covers. Radoszewski and Straszyński [ESA 2020] analysed the particular case where the strings in a 2-cover must be of the same length. They provided an algorithm that reports all such 2-covers of S in time near-linear in |S| and in the size of the output. In this work, we consider 2-covers in full generality. Since every length-n string has Ω(n²) trivial 2-covers (every prefix and suffix of total length at least n constitute such a 2-cover), we state the reporting problem as follows: given a string S and a number m, report all 2-covers {C₁,C₂} of S with length |C₁|+|C₂| upper bounded by m. We present an Õ(n + output) time algorithm solving this problem, with output being the size of the output. This algorithm admits a simpler modification that finds a 2-cover of minimum length. We also provide an Õ(n) time construction of a 2-cover oracle which, given two substrings C₁,C₂ of S, reports in poly-logarithmic time whether {C₁,C₂} is a 2-cover of S.
Cite as

Itai Boneh, Shay Golan, and Arseny Shur. String 2-Covers with No Length Restrictions. In 32nd Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 308, pp. 31:1-31:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{boneh_et_al:LIPIcs.ESA.2024.31,
  author =	{Boneh, Itai and Golan, Shay and Shur, Arseny},
  title =	{{String 2-Covers with No Length Restrictions}},
  booktitle =	{32nd Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2024)},
  pages =	{31:1--31:18},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-338-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{308},
  editor =	{Chan, Timothy and Fischer, Johannes and Iacono, John and Herman, Grzegorz},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2024.31},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-211029},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2024.31},
  annote =	{Keywords: Quasi-periodicity, String cover, Range query, Range stabbing}
}
Document
Track A: Algorithms, Complexity and Games
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2024.30
Õptimal Dynamic Time Warping on Run-Length Encoded Strings

Authors: Itai Boneh, Shay Golan, Shay Mozes, and Oren Weimann

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 297, 51st International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2024)

Abstract
Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) distance is the optimal cost of matching two strings when extending runs of letters is for free. Therefore, it is natural to measure the time complexity of DTW in terms of the number of runs n (rather than the string lengths N). In this paper, we give an Õ(n²) time algorithm for computing the DTW distance. This matches (up to log factors) the known (conditional) lower bound, and should be compared with the previous fastest O(n³) time exact algorithm and the Õ(n²) time approximation algorithm. Our method also immediately implies an Õ(nk) time algorithm when the distance is bounded by k. This should be compared with the previous fastest O(n²k) and O(Nk) time exact algorithms and the Õ(nk) time approximation algorithm.
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Itai Boneh, Shay Golan, Shay Mozes, and Oren Weimann. Õptimal Dynamic Time Warping on Run-Length Encoded Strings. In 51st International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 297, pp. 30:1-30:17, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{boneh_et_al:LIPIcs.ICALP.2024.30,
  author =	{Boneh, Itai and Golan, Shay and Mozes, Shay and Weimann, Oren},
  title =	{{\~{O}ptimal Dynamic Time Warping on Run-Length Encoded Strings}},
  booktitle =	{51st International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2024)},
  pages =	{30:1--30:17},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-322-5},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{297},
  editor =	{Bringmann, Karl and Grohe, Martin and Puppis, Gabriele and Svensson, Ola},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2024.30},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-201730},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2024.30},
  annote =	{Keywords: Dynamic time warping, Fr\'{e}chet distance, edit distance, run-length encoding}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CPM.2024.10
Searching 2D-Strings for Matching Frames

Authors: Itai Boneh, Dvir Fried, Shay Golan, Matan Kraus, Adrian Miclăuş, and Arseny Shur

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 296, 35th Annual Symposium on Combinatorial Pattern Matching (CPM 2024)

Abstract
We study a natural type of repetitions in 2-dimensional strings. Such a repetition, called a matching frame, is a rectangular substring of size at least 2× 2 with equal marginal rows and equal marginal columns. Matching frames first appeared in literature in the context of Wang tiles. We present two algorithms finding a matching frame with the maximum perimeter in a given n× m input string. The first algorithm solves the problem exactly in Õ(n^{2.5}) time (assuming n ≥ m). The second algorithm finds a (1-ε)-approximate solution in Õ((nm)/ε⁴) time, which is near linear in the size of the input for constant ε. In particular, by setting ε = O(1) the second algorithm decides the existence of a matching frame in a given string in Õ(nm) time. Some technical elements and structural properties used in these algorithms can be of independent interest.
Cite as

Itai Boneh, Dvir Fried, Shay Golan, Matan Kraus, Adrian Miclăuş, and Arseny Shur. Searching 2D-Strings for Matching Frames. In 35th Annual Symposium on Combinatorial Pattern Matching (CPM 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 296, pp. 10:1-10:19, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{boneh_et_al:LIPIcs.CPM.2024.10,
  author =	{Boneh, Itai and Fried, Dvir and Golan, Shay and Kraus, Matan and Micl\u{a}u\c{s}, Adrian and Shur, Arseny},
  title =	{{Searching 2D-Strings for Matching Frames}},
  booktitle =	{35th Annual Symposium on Combinatorial Pattern Matching (CPM 2024)},
  pages =	{10:1--10:19},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-326-3},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{296},
  editor =	{Inenaga, Shunsuke and Puglisi, Simon J.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CPM.2024.10},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-201205},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CPM.2024.10},
  annote =	{Keywords: 2D string, matching frame, LCP, multidimensional range query}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CPM.2024.11
Hairpin Completion Distance Lower Bound

Authors: Itai Boneh, Dvir Fried, Shay Golan, and Matan Kraus

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 296, 35th Annual Symposium on Combinatorial Pattern Matching (CPM 2024)

Abstract
Hairpin completion, derived from the hairpin formation observed in DNA biochemistry, is an operation applied to strings, particularly useful in DNA computing. Conceptually, a right hairpin completion operation transforms a string S into S⋅ S' where S' is the reverse complement of a prefix of S. Similarly, a left hairpin completion operation transforms a string S into S'⋅ S where S' is the reverse complement of a suffix of S. The hairpin completion distance from S to T is the minimum number of hairpin completion operations needed to transform S into T. Recently Boneh et al. [Itai Boneh et al., 2023] showed an O(n²) time algorithm for finding the hairpin completion distance between two strings of length at most n. In this paper we show that for any ε > 0 there is no O(n^{2-ε})-time algorithm for the hairpin completion distance problem unless the Strong Exponential Time Hypothesis (SETH) is false. Thus, under SETH, the time complexity of the hairpin completion distance problem is quadratic, up to sub-polynomial factors.
Cite as

Itai Boneh, Dvir Fried, Shay Golan, and Matan Kraus. Hairpin Completion Distance Lower Bound. In 35th Annual Symposium on Combinatorial Pattern Matching (CPM 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 296, pp. 11:1-11:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{boneh_et_al:LIPIcs.CPM.2024.11,
  author =	{Boneh, Itai and Fried, Dvir and Golan, Shay and Kraus, Matan},
  title =	{{Hairpin Completion Distance Lower Bound}},
  booktitle =	{35th Annual Symposium on Combinatorial Pattern Matching (CPM 2024)},
  pages =	{11:1--11:16},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-326-3},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{296},
  editor =	{Inenaga, Shunsuke and Puglisi, Simon J.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CPM.2024.11},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-201215},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CPM.2024.11},
  annote =	{Keywords: Fine-grained complexity, Hairpin completion, LCS}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CPM.2023.5
Faster Algorithms for Computing the Hairpin Completion Distance and Minimum Ancestor

Authors: Itai Boneh, Dvir Fried, Adrian Miclăuş, and Alexandru Popa

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 259, 34th Annual Symposium on Combinatorial Pattern Matching (CPM 2023)

Abstract
Hairpin completion is an operation on formal languages that has been inspired by hairpin formation in DNA biochemistry and has many applications especially in DNA computing. Consider s to be a string over the alphabet {A, C, G, T} such that a prefix/suffix of it matches the reversed complement of a substring of s. Then, in a hairpin completion operation the reversed complement of this prefix/suffix is added to the start/end of s forming a new string. In this paper we study two problems related to the hairpin completion. The first problem asks the minimum number of hairpin operations necessary to transform one string into another, number that is called the hairpin completion distance. For this problem we show an algorithm of running time O(n²), where n is the maximum length of the two strings. Our algorithm improves on the algorithm of Manea (TCS 2010), that has running time O(n² log n). In the minimum distance common hairpin completion ancestor problem we want to find, for two input strings x and y, a string w that minimizes the sum of the hairpin completion distances to x and y. Similarly, we present an algorithm with running time O(n²) that improves by a O(log n) factor the algorithm of Manea (TCS 2010).
Cite as

Itai Boneh, Dvir Fried, Adrian Miclăuş, and Alexandru Popa. Faster Algorithms for Computing the Hairpin Completion Distance and Minimum Ancestor. In 34th Annual Symposium on Combinatorial Pattern Matching (CPM 2023). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 259, pp. 5:1-5:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)

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@InProceedings{boneh_et_al:LIPIcs.CPM.2023.5,
  author =	{Boneh, Itai and Fried, Dvir and Micl\u{a}u\c{s}, Adrian and Popa, Alexandru},
  title =	{{Faster Algorithms for Computing the Hairpin Completion Distance and Minimum Ancestor}},
  booktitle =	{34th Annual Symposium on Combinatorial Pattern Matching (CPM 2023)},
  pages =	{5:1--5:18},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-276-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{259},
  editor =	{Bulteau, Laurent and Lipt\'{a}k, Zsuzsanna},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CPM.2023.5},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-179592},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CPM.2023.5},
  annote =	{Keywords: dynamic programming, incremental trees, exact algorithm}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CPM.2021.5
The k-Mappability Problem Revisited

Authors: Amihood Amir, Itai Boneh, and Eitan Kondratovsky

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 191, 32nd Annual Symposium on Combinatorial Pattern Matching (CPM 2021)

Abstract
The k-mappability problem has two integers parameters m and k. For every subword of size m in a text S, we wish to report the number of indices in S in which the word occurs with at most k mismatches. The problem was lately tackled by Alzamel et al. [Mai Alzamel et al., 2018]. For a text with constant alphabet Σ and k ∈ O(1), they present an algorithm with linear space and O(nlog^{k+1}n) time. For the case in which k = 1 and a constant size alphabet, a faster algorithm with linear space and O(nlog(n)log log(n)) time was presented in [Mai Alzamel et al., 2020]. In this work, we enhance the techniques of [Mai Alzamel et al., 2020] to obtain an algorithm with linear space and O(n log(n)) time for k = 1. Our algorithm removes the constraint of the alphabet being of constant size. We also present linear algorithms for the case of k = 1, |Σ| ∈ O(1) and m = Ω(√n).
Cite as

Amihood Amir, Itai Boneh, and Eitan Kondratovsky. The k-Mappability Problem Revisited. In 32nd Annual Symposium on Combinatorial Pattern Matching (CPM 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 191, pp. 5:1-5:20, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)

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@InProceedings{amir_et_al:LIPIcs.CPM.2021.5,
  author =	{Amir, Amihood and Boneh, Itai and Kondratovsky, Eitan},
  title =	{{The k-Mappability Problem Revisited}},
  booktitle =	{32nd Annual Symposium on Combinatorial Pattern Matching (CPM 2021)},
  pages =	{5:1--5:20},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-186-3},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{191},
  editor =	{Gawrychowski, Pawe{\l} and Starikovskaya, Tatiana},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CPM.2021.5},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-139566},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CPM.2021.5},
  annote =	{Keywords: Pattern Matching, Hamming Distance, Suffix Tree, Suffix Array}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ISAAC.2020.63
Update Query Time Trade-Off for Dynamic Suffix Arrays

Authors: Amihood Amir and Itai Boneh

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 181, 31st International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation (ISAAC 2020)

Abstract
The Suffix Array SA(S) of a string S[1 … n] is an array containing all the suffixes of S sorted by lexicographic order. The suffix array is one of the most well known indexing data structures, and it functions as a key tool in many string algorithms. In this paper, we present a data structure for maintaining the Suffix Array of a dynamic string. For every 1 ≤ k ≤ n, our data structure reports SA[i] in 𝒪̃(n/k) time and handles text modification in 𝒪̃(k) time. Additionally, our data structure enables the same query time for reporting iSA[i], with iSA being the Inverse Suffix Array of S[1 … n]. Our data structure can be used to construct sub-linear dynamic variants of static strings algorithms or data structures that are based on the Suffix Array and the Inverse Suffix Array.
Cite as

Amihood Amir and Itai Boneh. Update Query Time Trade-Off for Dynamic Suffix Arrays. In 31st International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation (ISAAC 2020). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 181, pp. 63:1-63:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)

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@InProceedings{amir_et_al:LIPIcs.ISAAC.2020.63,
  author =	{Amir, Amihood and Boneh, Itai},
  title =	{{Update Query Time Trade-Off for Dynamic Suffix Arrays}},
  booktitle =	{31st International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation (ISAAC 2020)},
  pages =	{63:1--63:16},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-173-3},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2020},
  volume =	{181},
  editor =	{Cao, Yixin and Cheng, Siu-Wing and Li, Minming},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ISAAC.2020.63},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-134070},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ISAAC.2020.63},
  annote =	{Keywords: String Algorithms, Dynamic Algorithms, Suffix Array, Inverse Suffix Array}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2020.5
Analysis of the Period Recovery Error Bound

Authors: Amihood Amir, Itai Boneh, Michael Itzhaki, and Eitan Kondratovsky

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 173, 28th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2020)

Abstract
The recovery problem is the problem whose input is a corrupted text T that was originally periodic, and where one wishes to recover its original period. The algorithm’s input is T without any information about either the period’s length or the period itself. An algorithm that solves this problem is called a recovery algorithm. In order to make recovery possible, there must be some assumption that not "too many" errors corrupted the initial periodic string. This is called the error bound. In previous recovery algorithms, it was shown that a given error bound of n/((2+ε)p) can lead to O(log_{1+ε} n) period candidates, that are guaranteed to include the original period, where p is the length of the original period (unknown by the algorithm) and ε > 0 is an arbitrary constant. This paper provides the first analysis of the relationship between the error bound and the number of candidates, as well as identification of the error parameters that still guarantee recovery. We improve the previously known upper error bound on the number of corruptions, n/((2+ε)p), that outputs O(log_{1+ε} n) period candidates. We show how to (1) remove ε from the bound, (2) relax the error bound to allow more errors while keeping the candidates set of size O(log n). It turns out that this relaxation on the previously known upper bound is quite challenging. To achieve this result we provide what, to our knowledge, is the first known non-trivial lower bound on the Hamming distance between two periodic strings. This proof leads to an error bound, that produces a family of period candidates of size 2log₃ n. We show that this result is tight and further provide a compact representation of the period candidates. We call this representation the canonic period seed. In addition to providing less restrictive error bounds that guarantee a smaller candidate set, we also provide a hierarchy of more restrictive upper error bounds that asymptotically reduces the size of the potential period candidate set.
Cite as

Amihood Amir, Itai Boneh, Michael Itzhaki, and Eitan Kondratovsky. Analysis of the Period Recovery Error Bound. In 28th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2020). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 173, pp. 5:1-5:21, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)

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@InProceedings{amir_et_al:LIPIcs.ESA.2020.5,
  author =	{Amir, Amihood and Boneh, Itai and Itzhaki, Michael and Kondratovsky, Eitan},
  title =	{{Analysis of the Period Recovery Error Bound}},
  booktitle =	{28th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2020)},
  pages =	{5:1--5:21},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-162-7},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2020},
  volume =	{173},
  editor =	{Grandoni, Fabrizio and Herman, Grzegorz and Sanders, Peter},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2020.5},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-128717},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2020.5},
  annote =	{Keywords: Period Recovery, Period Recovery Hierarchy, Hamming Distance}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2019.5
Repetition Detection in a Dynamic String

Authors: Amihood Amir, Itai Boneh, Panagiotis Charalampopoulos, and Eitan Kondratovsky

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 144, 27th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2019)

Abstract
A string UU for a non-empty string U is called a square. Squares have been well-studied both from a combinatorial and an algorithmic perspective. In this paper, we are the first to consider the problem of maintaining a representation of the squares in a dynamic string S of length at most n. We present an algorithm that updates this representation in n^o(1) time. This representation allows us to report a longest square-substring of S in O(1) time and all square-substrings of S in O(output) time. We achieve this by introducing a novel tool - maintaining prefix-suffix matches of two dynamic strings. We extend the above result to address the problem of maintaining a representation of all runs (maximal repetitions) of the string. Runs are known to capture the periodic structure of a string, and, as an application, we show that our representation of runs allows us to efficiently answer periodicity queries for substrings of a dynamic string. These queries have proven useful in static pattern matching problems and our techniques have the potential of offering solutions to these problems in a dynamic text setting.
Cite as

Amihood Amir, Itai Boneh, Panagiotis Charalampopoulos, and Eitan Kondratovsky. Repetition Detection in a Dynamic String. In 27th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 144, pp. 5:1-5:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@InProceedings{amir_et_al:LIPIcs.ESA.2019.5,
  author =	{Amir, Amihood and Boneh, Itai and Charalampopoulos, Panagiotis and Kondratovsky, Eitan},
  title =	{{Repetition Detection in a Dynamic String}},
  booktitle =	{27th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2019)},
  pages =	{5:1--5:18},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-124-5},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{144},
  editor =	{Bender, Michael A. and Svensson, Ola and Herman, Grzegorz},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2019.5},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-111265},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2019.5},
  annote =	{Keywords: string algorithms, dynamic algorithms, squares, repetitions, runs}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CPM.2018.11
Locally Maximal Common Factors as a Tool for Efficient Dynamic String Algorithms

Authors: Amihood Amir and Itai Boneh

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 105, 29th Annual Symposium on Combinatorial Pattern Matching (CPM 2018)

Abstract
There has been recent interest in dynamic string algorithms, i.e. string problems where the input changes dynamically. One such problem is the longest common factor (LCF) problem. It is well known that the LCF of two strings S and D of length n over a fixed constant-sized alphabet Sigma can be computed in time linear in n. Recently, a new challenge was introduced - finding the LCF of two strings in a dynamic setting. The problem is the fully dynamic one sided LCF (FDOS-LCF) problem. In the FDOS-LCF problem we get q consecutive queries of the form <i,alpha >, where each such query means: "replace D[i] by alpha, alpha in Sigma and output the LCF of S and (the updated) D. The goal is to initially preprocess S and D so that we do not need O(n) time to compute an LCF for each such query. The state-of-the-art is an algorithm that preprocesses the two strings S and D in time O(n log^4 n). Subsequently, the algorithm answers in time O(log^3 n) a single query of the form: Given a position i on D and a letter alpha, return an LCF of S and D', where D' is the string resulting from D after substituting D[i] with alpha. That algorithm is not extendable to multiple queries. In this paper we present a tool - Locally Maximal Common Factors (LMCF) - that proves to be quite useful in solving some restricted versions of the FDOS-LCF problem . The versions we solve are the Decremental FDOS-LCS problem, where every change <i,alpha> is of the form <i,omega>, omega !in Sigma, and the Periodic FDOS-LCS problem, where S is a periodic string with period length p. For the decremental problem we provide an algorithm with linear time preprocessing and O(log log n) time per query. For the periodic problem our preprocessing time is linear and the query time is O(p log log n).
Cite as

Amihood Amir and Itai Boneh. Locally Maximal Common Factors as a Tool for Efficient Dynamic String Algorithms. In 29th Annual Symposium on Combinatorial Pattern Matching (CPM 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 105, pp. 11:1-11:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)

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@InProceedings{amir_et_al:LIPIcs.CPM.2018.11,
  author =	{Amir, Amihood and Boneh, Itai},
  title =	{{Locally Maximal Common Factors as a Tool for Efficient Dynamic String Algorithms}},
  booktitle =	{29th Annual Symposium on Combinatorial Pattern Matching (CPM 2018)},
  pages =	{11:1--11:13},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-074-3},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{105},
  editor =	{Navarro, Gonzalo and Sankoff, David and Zhu, Binhai},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CPM.2018.11},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-86983},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CPM.2018.11},
  annote =	{Keywords: Dynamic Algorithms, Periodicity, Longest Common Factor, Priority Queue Data Structures, Suffix
Tree, Balanced Search Tree, Range Maximum Queries}
}
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