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Documents authored by Nelissen, Geoffrey

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2024.16
Analysis of TSN Time-Aware Shapers Using Schedule Abstraction Graphs

Authors: Srinidhi Srinivasan, Geoffrey Nelissen, Reinder J. Bril, and Nirvana Meratnia

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 298, 36th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2024)

Abstract
IEEE Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) is one of the main solutions considered by the industry to support time-sensitive communication in data-intensive safety-critical and mission-critical applications such as autonomous driving and smart manufacturing. IEEE TSN standardizes several mechanisms to support real-time traffic on Ethernet networks. Time-Aware Shapers (TAS) (IEEE 802.1Qbv) is the standardized mechanisms of TSN that is usually considered to provide the most deterministic behavior for packet forwarding. TAS regulates when traffic classes may forward incoming packets to the egress of a TSN switch using gates that are opened and closed according to a time-triggered schedule. State-of-the-art solutions to configure or analyze TAS do not allow for multiple traffic classes to have their TAS gates opened at the same time according to any arbitrary schedule. In this paper, we present the first response-time analysis for traffic shaped with TAS where no restriction is enforced on the gate schedule. The proposed analysis is exact. It is a non-trivial variant of the schedule abstraction graph analysis framework [Nasri and Brandenburg, 2017]. Experiments confirm the usefulness of the proposed analysis and show that it is promising for doing design-space exploration where non-conventional TAS gates configurations are investigated to, for instance, improve average-case performance without degrading the worst-case.
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Srinidhi Srinivasan, Geoffrey Nelissen, Reinder J. Bril, and Nirvana Meratnia. Analysis of TSN Time-Aware Shapers Using Schedule Abstraction Graphs. In 36th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 298, pp. 16:1-16:24, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{srinivasan_et_al:LIPIcs.ECRTS.2024.16,
  author =	{Srinivasan, Srinidhi and Nelissen, Geoffrey and Bril, Reinder J. and Meratnia, Nirvana},
  title =	{{Analysis of TSN Time-Aware Shapers Using Schedule Abstraction Graphs}},
  booktitle =	{36th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2024)},
  pages =	{16:1--16:24},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-324-9},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{298},
  editor =	{Pellizzoni, Rodolfo},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2024.16},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-203198},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2024.16},
  annote =	{Keywords: TSN, Time-Aware Shapers, TAS, SAG, Schedule Abstraction, latency}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2023.18
Replication-Based Scheduling of Parallel Real-Time Tasks

Authors: Federico Aromolo, Geoffrey Nelissen, and Alessandro Biondi

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 262, 35th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2023)

Abstract
Multiprocessors have become the standard computing platform for real-time embedded systems. To efficiently leverage the computational power of such platforms, software tasks are often characterized by an internal structure where concurrent subtasks can execute in parallel on different processors. Existing strategies for the scheduling of parallel real-time tasks on multiprocessor platforms, such as partitioned, global, and federated scheduling, were inspired by earlier techniques that were not conceived to explicitly support parallel tasks, thus carrying advantages but also well-known limitations. This paper introduces replication-based scheduling, a specialized scheduling paradigm for parallel real-time DAG tasks. Replication-based scheduling leverages the internal structure of the parallel tasks to assign replicas of the subtasks to different processors, while ensuring that exactly one replica of each subtask will be executed at runtime for every task instance. This approach aims at preserving the advantages of partitioned scheduling while simplifying the timing analysis. The replication-based scheduling framework is first defined, together with a strategy for implementing replication-based scheduling in real-time operating systems. Then, offline allocation strategies for subtask replicas and a response-time analysis are presented. In the provided experiments, the schedulability achieved with replication-based scheduling is compared with that of existing techniques for the scheduling of parallel real-time tasks on multiprocessors.
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Federico Aromolo, Geoffrey Nelissen, and Alessandro Biondi. Replication-Based Scheduling of Parallel Real-Time Tasks. In 35th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2023). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 262, pp. 18:1-18:23, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)

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@InProceedings{aromolo_et_al:LIPIcs.ECRTS.2023.18,
  author =	{Aromolo, Federico and Nelissen, Geoffrey and Biondi, Alessandro},
  title =	{{Replication-Based Scheduling of Parallel Real-Time Tasks}},
  booktitle =	{35th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2023)},
  pages =	{18:1--18:23},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-280-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{262},
  editor =	{Papadopoulos, Alessandro V.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2023.18},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-180477},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2023.18},
  annote =	{Keywords: Real-Time Systems, Scheduling Algorithms, Schedulability Analysis, Parallel Tasks}
}
Document
Artifact
DOI: 10.4230/DARTS.8.1.5
Response-Time Analysis for Self-Suspending Tasks Under EDF Scheduling (Artifact)

Authors: Federico Aromolo, Alessandro Biondi, and Geoffrey Nelissen

Published in: DARTS, Volume 8, Issue 1, Special Issue of the 34th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2022)

Abstract
This artifact provides the means to validate and reproduce the experimental results presented in the related paper "Response-Time Analysis for Self-Suspending Tasks Under EDF Scheduling". The paper introduces a response-time analysis for constrained-deadline self-suspending tasks scheduled under EDF on a uniprocessor system, based on a model transformation from self-suspending sporadic tasks to sporadic tasks with jitter. In the experimental evaluation presented in the paper, the performance of the proposed analysis approach for self-suspending tasks is compared with that of existing suspension-oblivious and suspension-aware analysis techniques.
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Federico Aromolo, Alessandro Biondi, and Geoffrey Nelissen. Response-Time Analysis for Self-Suspending Tasks Under EDF Scheduling (Artifact). In Special Issue of the 34th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2022). Dagstuhl Artifacts Series (DARTS), Volume 8, Issue 1, pp. 5:1-5:2, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)

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@Article{aromolo_et_al:DARTS.8.1.5,
  author =	{Aromolo, Federico and Biondi, Alessandro and Nelissen, Geoffrey},
  title =	{{Response-Time Analysis for Self-Suspending Tasks Under EDF Scheduling (Artifact)}},
  pages =	{5:1--5:2},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Artifacts Series},
  ISSN =	{2509-8195},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{8},
  number =	{1},
  editor =	{Aromolo, Federico and Biondi, Alessandro and Nelissen, Geoffrey},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DARTS.8.1.5},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-165012},
  doi =		{10.4230/DARTS.8.1.5},
  annote =	{Keywords: Real-Time Systems, Schedulability Analysis, Self-Suspending Tasks, EDF Scheduling}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2022.12
Response-Time Analysis for Non-Preemptive Periodic Moldable Gang Tasks

Authors: Geoffrey Nelissen, Joan Marcè i Igual, and Mitra Nasri

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 231, 34th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2022)

Abstract
Gang scheduling has long been adopted by the high-performance computing community as a way to reduce the synchronization overhead between related threads. It allows for several threads to execute in lock steps without suffering from long busy-wait periods or be penalized by large context-switch overheads. When combined with non-preemptive execution, gang scheduling significantly reduces the execution time of threads that work on the same data by decreasing the number of memory transactions required to load or store the data. In this work, we focus on two main types of gang tasks: rigid and moldable. A moldable gang task has a presumed known minimum and maximum number of cores on which it can be executed at runtime, while a rigid gang task always executes on the same number of cores. This work presents the first response-time analysis for non-preemptive moldable gang tasks. Our analysis is based on the notion of schedule abstraction; a new approach for response-time analysis with the promise of high accuracy. Our experiments on periodic rigid gang tasks show that our analysis is 4.9 times more successful in identifying schedulable tasks than the existing utilization-based test for rigid gang tasks.
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Geoffrey Nelissen, Joan Marcè i Igual, and Mitra Nasri. Response-Time Analysis for Non-Preemptive Periodic Moldable Gang Tasks. In 34th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 231, pp. 12:1-12:22, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)

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@InProceedings{nelissen_et_al:LIPIcs.ECRTS.2022.12,
  author =	{Nelissen, Geoffrey and Marc\`{e} i Igual, Joan and Nasri, Mitra},
  title =	{{Response-Time Analysis for Non-Preemptive Periodic Moldable Gang Tasks}},
  booktitle =	{34th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2022)},
  pages =	{12:1--12:22},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-239-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{231},
  editor =	{Maggio, Martina},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2022.12},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-163293},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2022.12},
  annote =	{Keywords: schedulability analysis, response time analysis, moldable gang tasks, rigid gang tasks, schedule abstraction graph, multiprocessor, non-preemptive}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2022.13
Response-Time Analysis for Self-Suspending Tasks Under EDF Scheduling

Authors: Federico Aromolo, Alessandro Biondi, and Geoffrey Nelissen

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 231, 34th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2022)

Abstract
The self-suspending task model proved to be particularly effective in capturing the timing behavior of real-time systems characterized by complex execution patterns, such as computation offloading to hardware accelerators, inter-core synchronization by means of multiprocessor locking protocols, and highly parallel computation. Most of the existing results for the timing analysis of self-suspending tasks do not support the widely adopted Earliest Deadline First (EDF) scheduling algorithm, being instead primarily focused on fixed-priority scheduling. This paper presents a response-time analysis for constrained-deadline self-suspending tasks scheduled under EDF on a uniprocessor system. The proposed analysis is based on a model transformation from self-suspending sporadic tasks to sporadic tasks with jitter, which can then be analyzed using a state-of-the-art analysis method for EDF scheduling. Experimental results are presented to compare the performance of the proposed technique in terms of schedulability ratio with that of the pessimistic suspension-oblivious approach and with a less general technique for task sets with implicit deadlines.
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Federico Aromolo, Alessandro Biondi, and Geoffrey Nelissen. Response-Time Analysis for Self-Suspending Tasks Under EDF Scheduling. In 34th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 231, pp. 13:1-13:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)

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@InProceedings{aromolo_et_al:LIPIcs.ECRTS.2022.13,
  author =	{Aromolo, Federico and Biondi, Alessandro and Nelissen, Geoffrey},
  title =	{{Response-Time Analysis for Self-Suspending Tasks Under EDF Scheduling}},
  booktitle =	{34th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2022)},
  pages =	{13:1--13:18},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-239-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{231},
  editor =	{Maggio, Martina},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2022.13},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-163306},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2022.13},
  annote =	{Keywords: Real-Time Systems, Schedulability Analysis, Self-Suspending Tasks, EDF Scheduling}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2021.5
nDimNoC: Real-Time D-dimensional NoC

Authors: Yilian Ribot González, Geoffrey Nelissen, and Eduardo Tovar

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 196, 33rd Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2021)

Abstract
The growing demand of powerful embedded systems to perform advanced functionalities led to a large increase in the number of computation nodes integrated in Systems-on-chip (SoC). In this context, network-on-chips (NoCs) emerged as a new standard communication infrastructure for multi-processor SoCs (MPSoCs). In this work, we present nDimNoC, a new D-dimensional NoC that provides real-time guarantees for systems implemented upon MPSoCs. Specifically, (1) we propose a new router architecture and a new deflection-based routing policy that use the properties of circulant topologies to ensure bounded worst-case communication delays, and (2) we develop a generic worst-case communication time (WCCT) analysis for packets transmitted over nDimNoC. In our experiments, we show that the WCCT of packets decreases when we increase the dimensionality of the NoC using nDimNoC’s topolgy and routing policy. By implementing nDimNoC in Verilog and synthesizing it for an FPGA platform, we show that a 3D-nDimNoC requires ≈5-times less silicon than routers that use virtual channels (VC). We computed the maximum operating frequency of a 3D-nDimNoC with Xilinx Vivado. Increasing the number dimensions in the NoC improves WCCT at the cost of a more complex routing logic that may result in a reduced operating clock frequency.
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Yilian Ribot González, Geoffrey Nelissen, and Eduardo Tovar. nDimNoC: Real-Time D-dimensional NoC. In 33rd Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 196, pp. 5:1-5:22, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)

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@InProceedings{ribotgonzalez_et_al:LIPIcs.ECRTS.2021.5,
  author =	{Ribot Gonz\'{a}lez, Yilian and Nelissen, Geoffrey and Tovar, Eduardo},
  title =	{{nDimNoC: Real-Time D-dimensional NoC}},
  booktitle =	{33rd Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2021)},
  pages =	{5:1--5:22},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-192-4},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{196},
  editor =	{Brandenburg, Bj\"{o}rn B.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2021.5},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-139363},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2021.5},
  annote =	{Keywords: Real-Time Embedded Systems, Systems-on-Chips, Network-on-Chips, Worst-Case Communication Time}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2019.21
Response-Time Analysis of Limited-Preemptive Parallel DAG Tasks Under Global Scheduling

Authors: Mitra Nasri, Geoffrey Nelissen, and Björn B. Brandenburg

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 133, 31st Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2019)

Abstract
Most recurrent real-time applications can be modeled as a set of sequential code segments (or blocks) that must be (repeatedly) executed in a specific order. This paper provides a schedulability analysis for such systems modeled as a set of parallel DAG tasks executed under any limited-preemptive global job-level fixed priority scheduling policy. More precisely, we derive response-time bounds for a set of jobs subject to precedence constraints, release jitter, and execution-time uncertainty, which enables support for a wide variety of parallel, limited-preemptive execution models (e.g., periodic DAG tasks, transactional tasks, generalized multi-frame tasks, etc.). Our analysis explores the space of all possible schedules using a powerful new state abstraction and state-pruning technique. An empirical evaluation shows the analysis to identify between 10 to 90 percentage points more schedulable task sets than the state-of-the-art schedulability test for limited-preemptive sporadic DAG tasks. It scales to systems of up to 64 cores with 20 DAG tasks. Moreover, while our analysis is almost as accurate as the state-of-the-art exact schedulability test based on model checking (for sequential non-preemptive tasks), it is three orders of magnitude faster and hence capable of analyzing task sets with more than 60 tasks on 8 cores in a few seconds.
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Mitra Nasri, Geoffrey Nelissen, and Björn B. Brandenburg. Response-Time Analysis of Limited-Preemptive Parallel DAG Tasks Under Global Scheduling. In 31st Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 133, pp. 21:1-21:23, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@InProceedings{nasri_et_al:LIPIcs.ECRTS.2019.21,
  author =	{Nasri, Mitra and Nelissen, Geoffrey and Brandenburg, Bj\"{o}rn B.},
  title =	{{Response-Time Analysis of Limited-Preemptive Parallel DAG Tasks Under Global Scheduling}},
  booktitle =	{31st Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2019)},
  pages =	{21:1--21:23},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-110-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{133},
  editor =	{Quinton, Sophie},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2019.21},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-107587},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2019.21},
  annote =	{Keywords: parallel DAG tasks, global multiprocessor scheduling, schedulability analysis, non-preemptive jobs, precedence constraints, worst-case response time, OpenMP}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2018.9
A Response-Time Analysis for Non-Preemptive Job Sets under Global Scheduling

Authors: Mitra Nasri, Geoffrey Nelissen, and Björn B. Brandenburg

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 106, 30th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2018)

Abstract
An effective way to increase the timing predictability of multicore platforms is to use non-preemptive scheduling. It reduces preemption and job migration overheads, avoids intra-core cache interference, and improves the accuracy of worst-case execution time (WCET) estimates. However, existing schedulability tests for global non-preemptive multiprocessor scheduling are pessimistic, especially when applied to periodic workloads. This paper reduces this pessimism by introducing a new type of sufficient schedulability analysis that is based on an exploration of the space of possible schedules using concise abstractions and state-pruning techniques. Specifically, we analyze the schedulability of non-preemptive job sets (with bounded release jitter and execution time variation) scheduled by a global job-level fixed-priority (JLFP) scheduling algorithm upon an identical multicore platform. The analysis yields a lower bound on the best-case response-time (BCRT) and an upper bound on the worst-case response time (WCRT) of the jobs. In an empirical evaluation with randomly generated workloads, we show that the method scales to 30 tasks, a hundred thousand jobs (per hyperperiod), and up to 9 cores.
Cite as

Mitra Nasri, Geoffrey Nelissen, and Björn B. Brandenburg. A Response-Time Analysis for Non-Preemptive Job Sets under Global Scheduling. In 30th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 106, pp. 9:1-9:23, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)

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@InProceedings{nasri_et_al:LIPIcs.ECRTS.2018.9,
  author =	{Nasri, Mitra and Nelissen, Geoffrey and Brandenburg, Bj\"{o}rn B.},
  title =	{{A Response-Time Analysis for Non-Preemptive Job Sets under Global Scheduling}},
  booktitle =	{30th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2018)},
  pages =	{9:1--9:23},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-075-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{106},
  editor =	{Altmeyer, Sebastian},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2018.9},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-89941},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2018.9},
  annote =	{Keywords: global multiprocessor scheduling, schedulability analysis, non-preemptive tasks, worst-case response time, best-case response time}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2018.26
On Strong and Weak Sustainability, with an Application to Self-Suspending Real-Time Tasks

Authors: Felipe Cerqueira, Geoffrey Nelissen, and Björn B. Brandenburg

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 106, 30th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2018)

Abstract
Motivated by an apparent contradiction regarding whether certain scheduling policies are sustainable, we revisit the topic of sustainability in real-time scheduling and argue that the existing definitions of sustainability should be further clarified and generalized. After proposing a formal, generic sustainability theory, we relax the existing notion of (strongly) sustainable scheduling policy to provide a new classification called weak sustainability. Proving weak sustainability properties allows reducing the number of variables that must be considered in the search of a worst-case schedule, and hence enables more efficient schedulability analyses and testing regimes even for policies that are not (strongly) sustainable. As a proof of concept, and to better understand a model for which many mistakes were found in the literature, we study weak sustainability in the context of dynamic self-suspending tasks, where we formalize a generic suspension model using the Coq proof assistant and provide a machine-checked proof that any JLFP scheduling policy is weakly sustainable with respect to job costs and variable suspension times.
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Felipe Cerqueira, Geoffrey Nelissen, and Björn B. Brandenburg. On Strong and Weak Sustainability, with an Application to Self-Suspending Real-Time Tasks. In 30th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 106, pp. 26:1-26:21, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)

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@InProceedings{cerqueira_et_al:LIPIcs.ECRTS.2018.26,
  author =	{Cerqueira, Felipe and Nelissen, Geoffrey and Brandenburg, Bj\"{o}rn B.},
  title =	{{On Strong and Weak Sustainability, with an Application to Self-Suspending Real-Time Tasks}},
  booktitle =	{30th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2018)},
  pages =	{26:1--26:21},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-075-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{106},
  editor =	{Altmeyer, Sebastian},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2018.26},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-89773},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2018.26},
  annote =	{Keywords: real-time scheduling, sustainability, self-suspending tasks, machine-checked proofs}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LITES-v005-i001-a002
Errata for Three Papers (2004-05) on Fixed-Priority Scheduling with Self-Suspensions

Authors: Konstantinos Bletsas, Neil C. Audsley, Wen-Hung Huang, Jian-Jia Chen, and Geoffrey Nelissen

Published in: LITES, Volume 5, Issue 1 (2018). Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems, Volume 5, Issue 1

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to (i) highlight the flaws in three previously published works [Audsley, 2004a; Audsley, 2004b; Bletsas, 2005] on the worst-case response time analysis for tasks with self-suspensions and (ii) provide straightforward fixes for those flaws, hence rendering the analysis safe.
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Konstantinos Bletsas, Neil C. Audsley, Wen-Hung Huang, Jian-Jia Chen, and Geoffrey Nelissen. Errata for Three Papers (2004-05) on Fixed-Priority Scheduling with Self-Suspensions. In LITES, Volume 5, Issue 1 (2018). Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems, Volume 5, Issue 1, pp. 02:1-02:20, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)

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@Article{bletsas_et_al:LITES-v005-i001-a002,
  author =	{Bletsas, Konstantinos and Audsley, Neil C. and Huang, Wen-Hung and Chen, Jian-Jia and Nelissen, Geoffrey},
  title =	{{Errata for Three Papers (2004-05) on Fixed-Priority Scheduling with Self-Suspensions}},
  journal =	{Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems},
  pages =	{02:1--02:20},
  ISSN =	{2199-2002},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{5},
  number =	{1},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LITES-v005-i001-a002},
  doi =		{10.4230/LITES-v005-i001-a002},
  annote =	{Keywords: real-time, scheduling, self-suspension, worst-case response time analysis}
}
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