Volume
OASIcs, Volume 83
9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)
-
Part of:
Series:
Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)
Conference: Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE)
Event
SLATE 2020, July 13-14, 2020, School of Technology, Polytechnic Institute of Cávado and Ave, Portugal (Virtual Conference)Editors
- Centro Algoritmi (CAlg-CTC), Department of Informatics, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
Publication Details
- published at: 2020-09-16
- Publisher: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
- ISBN: 978-3-95977-165-8
- DBLP: db/conf/slate/slate2020
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Document
Complete Volume
OASIcs, Volume 83, SLATE 2020, Complete Volume
Abstract
OASIcs, Volume 83, SLATE 2020, Complete Volume
Cite as
9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 83, pp. 1-218, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)
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@Proceedings{simoes_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2020,
title = {{OASIcs, Volume 83, SLATE 2020, Complete Volume}},
booktitle = {9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)},
pages = {1--218},
series = {Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-165-8},
ISSN = {2190-6807},
year = {2020},
volume = {83},
editor = {Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-130124},
doi = {10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020},
annote = {Keywords: OASIcs, Volume 83, SLATE 2020, Complete Volume}
}
Document
Front Matter
Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Abstract
Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Cite as
9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 83, pp. 0:i-0:xii, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)
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@InProceedings{simoes_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2020.0,
author = {Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo},
title = {{Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization}},
booktitle = {9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)},
pages = {0:i--0:xii},
series = {Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-165-8},
ISSN = {2190-6807},
year = {2020},
volume = {83},
editor = {Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.0},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-130134},
doi = {10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.0},
annote = {Keywords: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization}
}
Document
Invited Talk
How Humans Succeed While Failing to Communicate (Invited Talk)
Abstract
Humans communication is full of errors, but this does not prevent us from achieving common goals. Most of the constant flow of misunderstanding is not even noticed. We think we understand each other - until the moment when something stops making sense. If the common goal is important enough to us, we will ask for explanation: "What do you mean with that?" After receiving more information, we backtrack and correct the reconstruction of meaning in the conversation. Humans are fault-tolerant communicators because nothing is ever fixed: meanings are always temporary constructions and can be changed at any time, when they appear to be outdated or misconstrued. We can "change out minds" about something and we do not need to have perfect knowledge to survive. Those humans who strive for certainty in their lives are often called control freaks, i.e. unnatural exceptions.
Computers live on the other side of the certainty spectrum: a 1 is a 1 and a 0 will always be a 0. Even if the programmer tells the computer - via string of 1s and 0s - to do something really stupid, the computer will simply do it. No room for error, as every decision is precisely defined. Of course, layers of automated translations between our modern programming languages and the processor’s basic instructions may introduce errors, but those are never called "misunderstandings". Instead, they are called bugs and they can be found and corrected, after which everything will be in full control again.
The task of making a computer understand human communication therefore seems to be the hardest thing to do. It requires mechanisms of uncertainty, backtracking and feedback loops, each of which need to take into account that no meaning is ever fixed. In the end, the goal of understanding human communication remains subordinate to the goal of putting the communication partners in a position where they can achieve common goals. Whether the communication partners are both human, both computer or a mix of the two does not really change that. Communication of any type is always a means, never a goal.
Cite as
Jang F. M. Graat. How Humans Succeed While Failing to Communicate (Invited Talk). In 9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 83, pp. 1:1-1:8, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)
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@InProceedings{graat:OASIcs.SLATE.2020.1,
author = {Graat, Jang F. M.},
title = {{How Humans Succeed While Failing to Communicate}},
booktitle = {9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)},
pages = {1:1--1:8},
series = {Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-165-8},
ISSN = {2190-6807},
year = {2020},
volume = {83},
editor = {Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.1},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-130146},
doi = {10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.1},
annote = {Keywords: Natural Language processing, Communication}
}
Document
Detection of Vulnerabilities in Smart Contracts Specifications in Ethereum Platforms
Abstract
Ethereum is the principal ecosystem based on blockchain that provides a suitable environment for coding and executing smart contracts, which have been receiving great attention due to the commercial apps and among the scientific community. The process of writing secure and well performing contracts in the Ethereum platform is a major challenge for developers. It consists of the application of non-conventional programming paradigms due to the inherent characteristics of the execution of distributed computing programs. Furthermore, the errors in the deployed contracts could have serious consequences because of the immediate linkage between the contract code and the financial transactions. The direct handling of the assets means that the errors can be more relevant for security and have greater economic consequences than a mistake in the conventional apps. In this paper, we propose a tool for the detection of vulnerabilities in high-level languages based on automatized static analysis.
Cite as
Mauro C. Argañaraz, Mario M. Berón, Maria J. Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Detection of Vulnerabilities in Smart Contracts Specifications in Ethereum Platforms. In 9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 83, pp. 2:1-2:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)
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@InProceedings{arganaraz_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2020.2,
author = {Arga\~{n}araz, Mauro C. and Ber\'{o}n, Mario M. and Varanda Pereira, Maria J. and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
title = {{Detection of Vulnerabilities in Smart Contracts Specifications in Ethereum Platforms}},
booktitle = {9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)},
pages = {2:1--2:16},
series = {Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-165-8},
ISSN = {2190-6807},
year = {2020},
volume = {83},
editor = {Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.2},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-130154},
doi = {10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.2},
annote = {Keywords: blockchain, ethereum, smart contract, solidity, static analysis, verification}
}
Document
Detection of Emerging Words in Portuguese Tweets
Abstract
This paper tackles the problem of detecting emerging words on a language, based on social networks content. It proposes an approach for detecting new words on Twitter, and reports the achieved results for a collection of 8 million Portuguese tweets. This study uses geolocated tweets, collected between January 2018 and June 2019, and written in the Portuguese territory. The first six months of the data were used to define an initial vocabulary on known words, and the following 12 months were used for identifying new words, thus testing our approach. The set of resulting words were manually analyzed, revealing a number of distinct events, and suggesting that Twitter may be a valuable resource for researching neology, and the dynamics of a language.
Cite as
Afonso Pinto, Helena Moniz, and Fernando Batista. Detection of Emerging Words in Portuguese Tweets. In 9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 83, pp. 3:1-3:10, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)
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@InProceedings{pinto_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2020.3,
author = {Pinto, Afonso and Moniz, Helena and Batista, Fernando},
title = {{Detection of Emerging Words in Portuguese Tweets}},
booktitle = {9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)},
pages = {3:1--3:10},
series = {Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-165-8},
ISSN = {2190-6807},
year = {2020},
volume = {83},
editor = {Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.3},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-130164},
doi = {10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.3},
annote = {Keywords: Emerging words, Twitter, Portuguese language}
}
Document
BhTSL, Behavior Trees Specification and Processing
Abstract
In the context of game development, there is always the need for describing behaviors for various entities, whether NPCs or even the world itself. That need requires a formalism to describe properly such behaviors. As the gaming industry has been growing, many approaches were proposed. First, finite state machines were used and evolved to hierarchical state machines. As that formalism was not enough, a more powerful concept appeared. Instead of using states for describing behaviors, people started to use tasks. This concept was incorporated in behavior trees. This paper focuses in the specification and processing of Behavior Trees. A DSL designed for that purpose will be introduced. It will also be discussed a generator that produces LaTeX diagrams to document the trees, and a Python module to implement the behavior described. Additionally, a simulator will be presented. These achievements will be illustrated using a concrete game as a case study.
Cite as
Miguel Oliveira, Pedro Mimoso Silva, Pedro Moura, José João Almeida, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. BhTSL, Behavior Trees Specification and Processing. In 9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 83, pp. 4:1-4:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)
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@InProceedings{oliveira_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2020.4,
author = {Oliveira, Miguel and Silva, Pedro Mimoso and Moura, Pedro and Almeida, Jos\'{e} Jo\~{a}o and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
title = {{BhTSL, Behavior Trees Specification and Processing}},
booktitle = {9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)},
pages = {4:1--4:13},
series = {Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-165-8},
ISSN = {2190-6807},
year = {2020},
volume = {83},
editor = {Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.4},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-130174},
doi = {10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.4},
annote = {Keywords: Game development, Behavior trees (BT), NPC, DSL, Code generation}
}
Document
DAOLOT: A Semantic Browser
Abstract
The goal of the Semantic Web is to allow the software agents around us and AIs to extract information from the Internet as easily as humans do. This semantic web is a network of connected graphs, where relations between concepts and entities make up a layout that is very easy for machines to navigate.
At the moment, there are only a few tools that enable humans to navigate this new layer of the Internet, and those that exist are for the most part very specialized tools that require from the user a lot of pre-existing knowledge about the technologies behind this structure. In this article we report on the development of DAOLOT, a search engine that allows users with no previous knowledge of the semantic web to take full advantage of its information network. This paper presents its design, the algorithm behind it and the results of the validation testing conducted with users. The results of our validation testing show that DAOLOT is useful and intuitive to users, even those without any previous knowledge of the field, and provides curated information from multiple sources instantly about any topic.
Cite as
João Bruno Silva, André Santos, and José Paulo Leal. DAOLOT: A Semantic Browser. In 9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 83, pp. 5:1-5:11, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)
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@InProceedings{silva_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2020.5,
author = {Silva, Jo\~{a}o Bruno and Santos, Andr\'{e} and Leal, Jos\'{e} Paulo},
title = {{DAOLOT: A Semantic Browser}},
booktitle = {9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)},
pages = {5:1--5:11},
series = {Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-165-8},
ISSN = {2190-6807},
year = {2020},
volume = {83},
editor = {Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.5},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-130188},
doi = {10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.5},
annote = {Keywords: Semantic, Web, Named Entities, Search, SPARQL, RDF, COMUNICA}
}
Document
Musikla: Language for Generating Musical Events
Abstract
In this paper, we'll discuss a simple approach to integrating musical events, such as notes or chords, into a programming language. This means treating music sequences as a first class citizen. It will be possible to save those sequences into variables or play them right away, pass them into functions or apply operators on them (like transposing or repeating the sequence). Furthermore, instead of just allowing static sequences to be generated, we'll integrate a music keyboard system that easily allows the user to bind keys (or other kinds of events) to expressions. Finally, it is important to provide the user with multiple and extensible ways of outputing their music, such as synthesizing it into a file or directly into the speakers, or writing a MIDI or music sheet file. We'll structure this paper first with an analysis of the problem and its particular requirements. Then we will discuss the solution we developed to meet those requirements. Finally we'll analyze the result and discuss possible alternative routes we could've taken.
Cite as
Pedro Miguel Oliveira da Silva and José João Almeida. Musikla: Language for Generating Musical Events. In 9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 83, pp. 6:1-6:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)
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@InProceedings{dasilva_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2020.6,
author = {da Silva, Pedro Miguel Oliveira and Almeida, Jos\'{e} Jo\~{a}o},
title = {{Musikla: Language for Generating Musical Events}},
booktitle = {9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)},
pages = {6:1--6:16},
series = {Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-165-8},
ISSN = {2190-6807},
year = {2020},
volume = {83},
editor = {Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.6},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-130194},
doi = {10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.6},
annote = {Keywords: Domain Specific Language, Music Notation, Interpreter, Programming Language}
}
Document
Towards the Identification of Fake News in Portuguese
Abstract
All over the world, many initiatives have been taken to fight fake news. Governments (e.g., France, Germany, United Kingdom and Spain), on their own way, started to take action regarding legal accountability for those who manufacture or propagate fake news. Different media outlets have also taken a multitude of initiatives to deal with this phenomenon, such as the increase of discipline, accuracy and transparency of publications made internally. Some structural changes have lately been made in said companies and entities in order to better evaluate news in general. As such, many teams were built entirely to fight fake news - the so-called "fact-checkers". These have been adopting different techniques in order to do so: from the typical use of journalists to find out the true behind a controversial statement, to data-scientists that apply forefront techniques such as text mining and machine learning to support the journalist’s decisions. Many of these entities, which aim to maintain or improve their reputation, started to focus on high standards for quality and reliable information, which led to the creation of official and dedicated departments for fact-checking. In this revision paper, not only will we highlight relevant contributions and efforts across the fake news identification and classification status quo, but we will also contextualize the Portuguese language state of affairs in the current state-of-the-art.
Cite as
João Rodrigues, Ricardo Ribeiro, and Fernando Batista. Towards the Identification of Fake News in Portuguese. In 9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 83, pp. 7:1-7:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)
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@InProceedings{rodrigues_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2020.7,
author = {Rodrigues, Jo\~{a}o and Ribeiro, Ricardo and Batista, Fernando},
title = {{Towards the Identification of Fake News in Portuguese}},
booktitle = {9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)},
pages = {7:1--7:14},
series = {Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-165-8},
ISSN = {2190-6807},
year = {2020},
volume = {83},
editor = {Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.7},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-130207},
doi = {10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.7},
annote = {Keywords: Fake News, Portuguese Language, Fact-checking}
}
Document
Development of Q&A Systems Using AcQA
Abstract
In order to help the user to search for relevant information, Question and Answering (Q&A) Systems provide the possibility to formulate the question freely in a natural language, retrieving the most appropriate and concise answers. These systems interpret the user question to understand his information needs and return him the more adequate replies in a semantic sense; they do not perform a statistical word search like happens in the existing search engines. There are several approaches to developing and deploying Q&A Systems, making it hard to choose the best way to build the system. To turn easier this process, we are proposing a way to automatically create Q&A Systems (AcQA) based on DSLs, thus allowing the setup and the validation of the Q&A System independent of the implementation techniques. With our proposal (AcQA language), we want the developers to focus on the data and contents, instead of implementation details. We conducted an experiment to assess the feasibility of using AcQA. The study was carried out with people from the computer science field and shows that our language simplifies the development of a Q&A System.
Cite as
Renato Preigschadt de Azevedo, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Development of Q&A Systems Using AcQA. In 9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 83, pp. 8:1-8:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)
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@InProceedings{deazevedo_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2020.8,
author = {de Azevedo, Renato Preigschadt and Pereira, Maria Jo\~{a}o Varanda and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
title = {{Development of Q\&A Systems Using AcQA}},
booktitle = {9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)},
pages = {8:1--8:15},
series = {Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-165-8},
ISSN = {2190-6807},
year = {2020},
volume = {83},
editor = {Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.8},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-130216},
doi = {10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.8},
annote = {Keywords: Question \& Answering, DSL, Natural Language Processing}
}
Document
Exploring Different Methods for Solving Analogies with Portuguese Word Embeddings
Abstract
A common way of assessing static word embeddings is to use them for solving analogies of the kind "what is to king as man is to woman?". For this purpose, the vector offset method (king - man + woman = queen), also known as 3CosAdd, has been effectively used for solving analogies and assessing different models of word embeddings in different languages. However, some researchers pointed out that this method is not the most effective for this purpose. Following this, we tested alternative analogy solving methods (3CosMul, 3CosAvg, LRCos) in Portuguese word embeddings and confirmed the previous statement. Specifically, those methods are used to answer the Portuguese version of the Google Analogy Test, dubbed LX-4WAnalogies, which covers syntactic and semantic analogies of different kinds. We discuss the accuracy of different methods applied to different models of embeddings and take some conclusions. Indeed, all methods outperform 3CosAdd, and the best performance is consistently achieved with LRCos, in GloVe.
Cite as
Tiago Sousa, Hugo Gonçalo Oliveira, and Ana Alves. Exploring Different Methods for Solving Analogies with Portuguese Word Embeddings. In 9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 83, pp. 9:1-9:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)
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@InProceedings{sousa_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2020.9,
author = {Sousa, Tiago and Gon\c{c}alo Oliveira, Hugo and Alves, Ana},
title = {{Exploring Different Methods for Solving Analogies with Portuguese Word Embeddings}},
booktitle = {9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)},
pages = {9:1--9:14},
series = {Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-165-8},
ISSN = {2190-6807},
year = {2020},
volume = {83},
editor = {Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.9},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-130229},
doi = {10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.9},
annote = {Keywords: analogies, word embeddings, semantic relations, syntactic relations, Portuguese}
}
Document
Towards a Morphological Analyzer for the Umbundu Language
Abstract
In this document we present the first developments on an Umbundu dictionary for a jSpell, a morphological analyzer. Initially some comments are performed regarding the Umbundu language morphology, followed by the discussion on jSpell dictionaries structure and its environment. Last, we describe the Umbundu dictionary bootstrap process and perform some final experiments on its coverage.
Cite as
Alberto Simões, Bernardo Sacanene, Álvaro Iriarte, José João Almeida, and Joaquim Macedo. Towards a Morphological Analyzer for the Umbundu Language. In 9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 83, pp. 10:1-10:11, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)
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@InProceedings{simoes_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2020.10,
author = {Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Sacanene, Bernardo and Iriarte, \'{A}lvaro and Almeida, Jos\'{e} Jo\~{a}o and Macedo, Joaquim},
title = {{Towards a Morphological Analyzer for the Umbundu Language}},
booktitle = {9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)},
pages = {10:1--10:11},
series = {Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-165-8},
ISSN = {2190-6807},
year = {2020},
volume = {83},
editor = {Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.10},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-130235},
doi = {10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.10},
annote = {Keywords: Umbundu, Angolan Languages, Morphological Analysis, Spell Checking}
}
Document
Syntactic Transformations in Rule-Based Parsing of Support Verb Constructions: Examples from European Portuguese
Abstract
This paper reports on-going work on building a rule-based grammar for (European) Portuguese, incorporating support verb constructions (SVC). The paper focuses on parsing sentences resulting from syntactic transformations of SVC, and presents a methodology to automatically generate testing examples directly from the SVC Lexicon-Grammar matrix where their linguistic properties are represented. These examples allow both to improve the linguistic description of these constructions and to test intrinsically the system parser, spotting unforeseen issues due to previous natural language processing steps.
Cite as
Jorge Baptista and Nuno Mamede. Syntactic Transformations in Rule-Based Parsing of Support Verb Constructions: Examples from European Portuguese. In 9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 83, pp. 11:1-11:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)
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@InProceedings{baptista_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2020.11,
author = {Baptista, Jorge and Mamede, Nuno},
title = {{Syntactic Transformations in Rule-Based Parsing of Support Verb Constructions: Examples from European Portuguese}},
booktitle = {9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)},
pages = {11:1--11:14},
series = {Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-165-8},
ISSN = {2190-6807},
year = {2020},
volume = {83},
editor = {Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.11},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-130245},
doi = {10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.11},
annote = {Keywords: Support verb constructions, Rule-based parsing, syntactic transformations, language resources, European Portuguese}
}
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Short Paper
Different Lexicon-Based Approaches to Emotion Identification in Portuguese Tweets (Short Paper)
Abstract
This paper presents the existing literature on the identification of emotions and describes various lexica-based approaches and translation strategies to identify emotions in Portuguese tweets. A dataset of tweets was manually annotated to evaluate our classifier and also to assess the difficulty of the task. A lexicon-based approach was used in order to classify the presence or absence of eight different emotions in a tweet. Different strategies have been applied to refine and improve an existing and widely used lexicon, by means of automatic machine translation and aligned word embeddings. We tested six different classification approaches, exploring different ways of directly applying resources available for English by means of different translation strategies. The achieved results suggest that a better performance can be obtained both by improving a lexicon and by directly translating tweets into English and then applying an existing English lexicon.
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Soraia Filipe, Fernando Batista, and Ricardo Ribeiro. Different Lexicon-Based Approaches to Emotion Identification in Portuguese Tweets (Short Paper). In 9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 83, pp. 12:1-12:8, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)
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@InProceedings{filipe_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2020.12,
author = {Filipe, Soraia and Batista, Fernando and Ribeiro, Ricardo},
title = {{Different Lexicon-Based Approaches to Emotion Identification in Portuguese Tweets}},
booktitle = {9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)},
pages = {12:1--12:8},
series = {Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-165-8},
ISSN = {2190-6807},
year = {2020},
volume = {83},
editor = {Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.12},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-130252},
doi = {10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.12},
annote = {Keywords: Emotion detection, tweets, Portuguese Language, Emotion lexicon}
}
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Short Paper
Integrating Multi-Source Data into HandSpy (Short Paper)
Abstract
To study how emotions affect people in expressive writing, scientists require tools to aid them in their research. The researchers at M-BW use an Experiment Management System, called HandSpy to store and analyze the hand-written productions of participants. The input is stored as digital ink and then displayed on a web-based interface.
To assist the project, HandSpy integrates with new sources of information to help researchers visualize the link between psychophysiological data and written input. The newly acquired data is synchronized with the existing burst-pause interval model and represented on the user interface of the platform together with the already existing information.
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Hristo Valkanov and José Paulo Leal. Integrating Multi-Source Data into HandSpy (Short Paper). In 9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 83, pp. 13:1-13:8, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)
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@InProceedings{valkanov_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2020.13,
author = {Valkanov, Hristo and Leal, Jos\'{e} Paulo},
title = {{Integrating Multi-Source Data into HandSpy}},
booktitle = {9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)},
pages = {13:1--13:8},
series = {Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-165-8},
ISSN = {2190-6807},
year = {2020},
volume = {83},
editor = {Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.13},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-130261},
doi = {10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.13},
annote = {Keywords: HandSpy, emotion, handwriting, psychology, psychophysiological, data, ems}
}
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Short Paper
Yet Another Programming Exercises Interoperability Language (Short Paper)
Abstract
This paper introduces Yet Another Programming Exercises Interoperability Language (YAPExIL), a JSON format that aims to: (1) support several kinds of programming exercises behind traditional blank sheet activities; (2) capitalize on expressiveness and interoperability to constitute a strong candidate to standard open programming exercises format. To this end, it builds upon an existing open format named PExIL, by mitigating its weaknesses and extending its support for a handful of exercise types. YAPExIL is published as an open format, independent from any commercial vendor, and supported with dedicated open-source software.
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José Carlos Paiva, Ricardo Queirós, José Paulo Leal, and Jakub Swacha. Yet Another Programming Exercises Interoperability Language (Short Paper). In 9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 83, pp. 14:1-14:8, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)
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@InProceedings{paiva_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2020.14,
author = {Paiva, Jos\'{e} Carlos and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo and Leal, Jos\'{e} Paulo and Swacha, Jakub},
title = {{Yet Another Programming Exercises Interoperability Language}},
booktitle = {9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)},
pages = {14:1--14:8},
series = {Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-165-8},
ISSN = {2190-6807},
year = {2020},
volume = {83},
editor = {Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.14},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-130270},
doi = {10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.14},
annote = {Keywords: programming exercises format, interoperability, automated assessment, programming learning}
}
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Short Paper
Open Web Ontobud: An Open Source RDF4J Frontend (Short Paper)
Abstract
Nowadays, we deal with increasing volumes of data. A few years ago, data was isolated, which did not allow communication or sharing between datasets. We live in a world where everything is connected, and our data mimics this. Data model focus changed from a square structure like the relational model to a model centered on the relations. Knowledge graphs are the new paradigm to represent and manage this new kind of information structure.
Along with this new paradigm, a new kind of database emerged to support the new needs, graph databases! Although there is an increasing interest in this field, only a few native solutions are available. Most of these are commercial, and the ones that are open source have poor interfaces, and for that, they are a little distant from end-users.
In this article, we introduce Ontobud, and discuss its design and development. A Web application that intends to improve the interface for one of the most interesting frameworks in this area: RDF4J. RDF4J is a Java framework to deal with RDF triples storage and management.
Open Web Ontobud is an open source RDF4J web frontend, created to reduce the gap between end users and the RDF4J backend. We have created a web interface that enables users with a basic knowledge of OWL and SPARQL to explore ontologies and extract information from them.
Cite as
Francisco José Moreira Oliveira and José Carlos Ramalho. Open Web Ontobud: An Open Source RDF4J Frontend (Short Paper). In 9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 83, pp. 15:1-15:8, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)
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@InProceedings{oliveira_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2020.15,
author = {Oliveira, Francisco Jos\'{e} Moreira and Ramalho, Jos\'{e} Carlos},
title = {{Open Web Ontobud: An Open Source RDF4J Frontend}},
booktitle = {9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)},
pages = {15:1--15:8},
series = {Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-165-8},
ISSN = {2190-6807},
year = {2020},
volume = {83},
editor = {Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.15},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-130283},
doi = {10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.15},
annote = {Keywords: RDF4J, Frontend, Open Source, Ontology, REST API, RDF, SPARQL, Graph Databases}
}
Document
Short Paper
Assessing Factoid Question-Answer Generation for Portuguese (Short Paper)
Abstract
We present work on the automatic generation of question-answer pairs in Portuguese, useful, for instance, for populating the knowledge-base of question-answering systems. This includes: (i) a new corpus of close to 600 factoid sentences, manually created from an existing corpus of questions and answers, used as our benchmark; (ii) two approaches for the automatic generation of question-answer pairs, which can be seen as baselines; (iii) results of those approaches in the corpus.
Cite as
João Ferreira, Ricardo Rodrigues, and Hugo Gonçalo Oliveira. Assessing Factoid Question-Answer Generation for Portuguese (Short Paper). In 9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 83, pp. 16:1-16:9, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)
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@InProceedings{ferreira_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2020.16,
author = {Ferreira, Jo\~{a}o and Rodrigues, Ricardo and Gon\c{c}alo Oliveira, Hugo},
title = {{Assessing Factoid Question-Answer Generation for Portuguese}},
booktitle = {9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)},
pages = {16:1--16:9},
series = {Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-165-8},
ISSN = {2190-6807},
year = {2020},
volume = {83},
editor = {Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.16},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-130298},
doi = {10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.16},
annote = {Keywords: Question-Answer Generation, Corpus, NLP, Portuguese}
}
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Short Paper
SPARQLing Neo4J (Short Paper)
Abstract
The growth experienced by the internet in the past few years as lead to an increased amount of available data and knowledge obtained from said data. However most of this knowledge is lost due to the lack of associated semantics making the task of interpreting data very hard to computers.
To counter this, ontologies provide a extremely solid way to represent data and automatically derive knowledge from it.
In this article we'll present the work being developed with the aim to store and explore ontologies in Neo4J. In order to achieve this a web frontend was developed, integrating a SPARQL to CYPHER translator to allow users to query stored ontologies using SPARQL. This translator and its code generation is the main subject of this paper.
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Ezequiel José Veloso Ferreira Moreira and José Carlos Ramalho. SPARQLing Neo4J (Short Paper). In 9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 83, pp. 17:1-17:10, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)
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@InProceedings{moreira_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2020.17,
author = {Moreira, Ezequiel Jos\'{e} Veloso Ferreira and Ramalho, Jos\'{e} Carlos},
title = {{SPARQLing Neo4J}},
booktitle = {9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)},
pages = {17:1--17:10},
series = {Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-165-8},
ISSN = {2190-6807},
year = {2020},
volume = {83},
editor = {Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.17},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-130301},
doi = {10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.17},
annote = {Keywords: SPARQL, CYPHER, Graph Databases, RDF, OWL, Neo4J, GraphDB}
}
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Short Paper
bOWL: A Pluggable OWL Browser (Short Paper)
Abstract
The Web Ontology Language (OWL) is a World Wide Web Consortium standard, based on the Resource Description Format standard. It is used to define ontologies. While large ontologies are useful for different applications, some tools require partial ontologies, based mostly on a hierarchical relationship of classes. In this article we present bOWL, a basic OWL browser, with the main goal of being pluggable into others, more significant, web applications. The tool was tested through its integration on LeXmart, a dictionary editing tool.
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Alberto Simões and Ricardo Queirós. bOWL: A Pluggable OWL Browser (Short Paper). In 9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 83, pp. 18:1-18:7, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)
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@InProceedings{simoes_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2020.18,
author = {Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo},
title = {{bOWL: A Pluggable OWL Browser}},
booktitle = {9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)},
pages = {18:1--18:7},
series = {Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-165-8},
ISSN = {2190-6807},
year = {2020},
volume = {83},
editor = {Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.18},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-130318},
doi = {10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.18},
annote = {Keywords: OWL, Web Plugin, OWL Browser, Ontology}
}