OASIcs, Volume 27

Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011



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Event

VLUDS 2011, June 10-11, 2011, Kaiserslautern, Germany

Editors

Christoph Garth
Ariane Middel
Hans Hagen

Publication Details

  • published at: 2012-10-16
  • Publisher: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
  • ISBN: 978-3-939897-46-0
  • DBLP: db/conf/vluds/vluds2011

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Document
Complete Volume
OASIcs, Volume 27, VLUDS'11, Complete Volume

Authors: Christoph Garth, Ariane Middel, and Hans Hagen


Abstract
OASIcs, Volume 27, VLUDS'11, Complete Volume

Cite as

Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 27, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2013)


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@Proceedings{garth_et_al:OASIcs.VLUDS.2011,
  title =	{{OASIcs, Volume 27, VLUDS'11, Complete Volume}},
  booktitle =	{Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-46-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2013},
  volume =	{27},
  editor =	{Garth, Christoph and Middel, Ariane and Hagen, Hans},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-40780},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011},
  annote =	{Keywords: Computer Graphics}
}
Document
Front Matter
Frontmatter, Table of Contents, Preface, List of Authors

Authors: Christoph Garth, Ariane Middel, and Hans Hagen


Abstract
Frontmatter, Table of Contents, Preface, List of Authors

Cite as

Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 27, pp. i-xi, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2012)


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@InProceedings{garth_et_al:OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.i,
  author =	{Garth, Christoph and Middel, Ariane and Hagen, Hans},
  title =	{{Frontmatter, Table of Contents, Preface, List of Authors}},
  booktitle =	{Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011},
  pages =	{i--xi},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-46-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2012},
  volume =	{27},
  editor =	{Garth, Christoph and Middel, Ariane and Hagen, Hans},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.i},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-37365},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.i},
  annote =	{Keywords: Frontmatter, Table of Contents, Preface, List of Authors}
}
Document
Virtual Reality supported Visualization and Evaluation of Noise Levels in Manufacturing Environments

Authors: Xiang Yang, Bernd Hamann, and Jan C. Aurich


Abstract
Virtual Reality (VR) provides users advanced visualization and interaction technology for designing, analyzing and exploring complex data. To address the issue of noise in manufacturing environments, we developed a VR-supported method allowing users to explore noise behavior. This method consists of an implementation of acoustic simulation and visualization for both desktop and Cave Automatic Virtual Environment (CAVE) based VR systems. It enables user-oriented, interactive analysis of simulated data, where there capability to immerse oneself in the data is especially valuable. In a real-world factory, the acoustic measurements obtained essential input data for simulation settings and validation data for simulation results. Furthermore, some political and legal aspects are addressed to enhance the evaluation of results and the visualization. By using the implemented software tool, users are able to understand and investigate the noise issue in manufacturing straightforwardly.

Cite as

Xiang Yang, Bernd Hamann, and Jan C. Aurich. Virtual Reality supported Visualization and Evaluation of Noise Levels in Manufacturing Environments. In Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 27, pp. 1-12, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2012)


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@InProceedings{yang_et_al:OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.1,
  author =	{Yang, Xiang and Hamann, Bernd and Aurich, Jan C.},
  title =	{{Virtual Reality supported Visualization and Evaluation of Noise Levels in Manufacturing Environments}},
  booktitle =	{Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011},
  pages =	{1--12},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-46-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2012},
  volume =	{27},
  editor =	{Garth, Christoph and Middel, Ariane and Hagen, Hans},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.1},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-37370},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.1},
  annote =	{Keywords: virtual reality, acoustic simulation, visualization, manufacturing}
}
Document
Spherical Terrain Rendering using the hierarchical HEALPix grid

Authors: Rolf Westerteiger, Andreas Gerndt, and Bernd Hamann


Abstract
We present an interactive spherical terrain rendering system employing a hierarchical subdivision of the HEALPix coordinate system using quadtrees. Compared to other parameterizations, the scheme avoids singularities and allows for efficient fusion of mixed-resolution digital elevation models and imagery. A Level-of-Detail heuristic is used to guarantee both high performance and visual fidelity. Unified treatment of DEM and imagery data is achieved by performing the HEALPix projection within a GPU shader. The system is applied to the exploration of Mars, using both MOLA (NASA) and HRSC (German Aerospace Center) data sets.

Cite as

Rolf Westerteiger, Andreas Gerndt, and Bernd Hamann. Spherical Terrain Rendering using the hierarchical HEALPix grid. In Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 27, pp. 13-23, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2012)


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@InProceedings{westerteiger_et_al:OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.13,
  author =	{Westerteiger, Rolf and Gerndt, Andreas and Hamann, Bernd},
  title =	{{Spherical Terrain Rendering using the hierarchical HEALPix grid}},
  booktitle =	{Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011},
  pages =	{13--23},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-46-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2012},
  volume =	{27},
  editor =	{Garth, Christoph and Middel, Ariane and Hagen, Hans},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.13},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-37389},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.13},
  annote =	{Keywords: terrain rendering}
}
Document
Visualization and Evolution of Software Architectures

Authors: Taimur Khan, Henning Barthel, Achim Ebert, and Peter Liggesmeyer


Abstract
Software systems are an integral component of our everyday life as we find them in tools and embedded in equipment all around us. In order to ensure smooth, predictable, and accurate operation of these systems, it is crucial to produce and maintain systems that are highly reliable. A well-designed and well-maintained architecture goes a long way in achieving this goal. However, due to the intangible and often complex nature of software architecture, this task can be quite complicated. The field of software architecture visualization aims to ease this task by providing tools and techniques to examine the hierarchy, relationship, evolution, and quality of architecture components. In this paper, we present a discourse on the state of the art of software architecture visualization techniques. Further, we highlight the importance of developing solutions tailored to meet the needs and requirements of the stakeholders involved in the analysis process.

Cite as

Taimur Khan, Henning Barthel, Achim Ebert, and Peter Liggesmeyer. Visualization and Evolution of Software Architectures. In Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 27, pp. 25-42, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2012)


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@InProceedings{khan_et_al:OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.25,
  author =	{Khan, Taimur and Barthel, Henning and Ebert, Achim and Liggesmeyer, Peter},
  title =	{{Visualization and Evolution of Software Architectures}},
  booktitle =	{Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011},
  pages =	{25--42},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-46-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2012},
  volume =	{27},
  editor =	{Garth, Christoph and Middel, Ariane and Hagen, Hans},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.25},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-37390},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.25},
  annote =	{Keywords: Software architecture visualization, software comprehension, software maintenance, software evolution, human perception}
}
Document
Improving Safety-Critical Systems by Visual Analysis

Authors: Yi Yang, Patric Keller, Yarden Livnat, and Peter Liggesmeyer


Abstract
The importance analysis provides a means of analyzing the contribution of potential low-level system failures to identify and assess vulnerabilities of safety-critical systems. Common approaches attempt to enhance the system safety by addressing vulnerabilities using an iterative analysis process, while considering relevant constraints, e.g., cost, for optimizing the improvements. Typically, data regarding the analysis process is presented across several views with few interactive associations among them. Consequently, this hampers the identification of meaningful information supporting the decision making process. In this paper, we propose a visualization system that visually supports engineers in identifying proper solutions. The visualization integrates a decision tree with a plot representing the cause-effect relationship between the improvement ideas of vulnerabilities and the resulting risk reduction of system. Associating a component fault tree view with the plot allows to maintain helpful context information. The introduced visualization approach enables system and safety engineers to identify and analyze optimal solutions facilitating the improvement of the overall system safety.

Cite as

Yi Yang, Patric Keller, Yarden Livnat, and Peter Liggesmeyer. Improving Safety-Critical Systems by Visual Analysis. In Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 27, pp. 43-58, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2012)


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@InProceedings{yang_et_al:OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.43,
  author =	{Yang, Yi and Keller, Patric and Livnat, Yarden and Liggesmeyer, Peter},
  title =	{{Improving Safety-Critical Systems by Visual Analysis}},
  booktitle =	{Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011},
  pages =	{43--58},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-46-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2012},
  volume =	{27},
  editor =	{Garth, Christoph and Middel, Ariane and Hagen, Hans},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.43},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-37406},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.43},
  annote =	{Keywords: fault tree analysis, importance and sensitivity analysis, information vi- sualization, decision tree, safety analysis}
}
Document
CFD Simulation of Liquid-Liquid Extraction Columns and Visualization of Eulerian Datasets

Authors: Mark W. Hlawitschka, Fang Chen, Hans-Jörg Bart, and Bernd Hamann


Abstract
In this joint work, a complete framework for modeling, simulating and visualizing multiphase fluid flow within an extraction column is presented. We first present a volume-of-fluid simulation, which is able to predict the surface of the droplets during coalescence. However, a fast and efficient model is needed for the simulation of a liquid-liquid extraction column due to the high number of occurring droplets. To simulate the velocity and droplet size in a DN32 extraction column, a coupled computational fluid dynamic-population balance model solver is used. The simulation is analyzed using path-line based visualization techniques. A novel semi-automatic re-seeding technique for droplet path-line integration is proposed. With our technique, path-lines of fluid droplets can be re-initialized after contact with the stirring devices. The droplet breakage is captured, allowing the engineer to improve the design of liquid-liquid columns layout.

Cite as

Mark W. Hlawitschka, Fang Chen, Hans-Jörg Bart, and Bernd Hamann. CFD Simulation of Liquid-Liquid Extraction Columns and Visualization of Eulerian Datasets. In Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 27, pp. 59-70, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2012)


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@InProceedings{hlawitschka_et_al:OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.59,
  author =	{Hlawitschka, Mark W. and Chen, Fang and Bart, Hans-J\"{o}rg and Hamann, Bernd},
  title =	{{CFD Simulation of Liquid-Liquid Extraction Columns and Visualization of Eulerian Datasets}},
  booktitle =	{Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011},
  pages =	{59--70},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-46-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2012},
  volume =	{27},
  editor =	{Garth, Christoph and Middel, Ariane and Hagen, Hans},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.59},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-37410},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.59},
  annote =	{Keywords: computational fluid dynamics, multiphase fluid, droplet collision, Eule- rian, path-line}
}
Document
Feature-based Visualization of Dense Integral Line Data

Authors: Simon Schröder, Harald Obermaier, Christoph Garth, and Kenneth I. Joy


Abstract
Feature-based visualization of flow fields has proven as an effective tool for flow analysis. While most flow visualization techniques operate on vector field data, our visualization techniques make use of a different simulation output: Particle Tracers. Our approach solely relies on integral lines that can be easily obtained from most simulation software. The task is the visualization of dense integral line data. We combine existing methods for streamline visualization, i.e. illumination, transparency, and halos, and add ambient occlusion for lines. But, this only solves one part of the problem: because of the high density of lines, visualization has to fight with occlusion, high frequency noise, and overlaps. As a solution we propose non-automated choices of transfer functions on curve properties that help highlighting important flow features like vortices or turbulent areas. These curve properties resemble some of the original flow properties. With the new combination of existing line drawing methods and the addition of ambient occlusion we improve the visualization of lines by adding better shape and depth cues. The intelligent use of transfer functions on curve properties reduces visual clutter and helps focusing on important features while still retaining context, as demonstrated in the examples given in this work.

Cite as

Simon Schröder, Harald Obermaier, Christoph Garth, and Kenneth I. Joy. Feature-based Visualization of Dense Integral Line Data. In Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 27, pp. 71-87, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2012)


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@InProceedings{schroder_et_al:OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.71,
  author =	{Schr\"{o}der, Simon and Obermaier, Harald and Garth, Christoph and Joy, Kenneth I.},
  title =	{{Feature-based Visualization of Dense Integral Line Data}},
  booktitle =	{Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011},
  pages =	{71--87},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-46-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2012},
  volume =	{27},
  editor =	{Garth, Christoph and Middel, Ariane and Hagen, Hans},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.71},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-37424},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.71},
  annote =	{Keywords: flow simulation, feature-based visualization, dense lines, ambient occlusion}
}
Document
Texture-based Tracking in mm-wave Images

Authors: Peter Salz, Gerd Reis, and Didier Stricker


Abstract
Current tracking methods rely on color-, intensity-, and edge-based features to compute a description of an image region. These approaches are not well-suited for low-quality images such as mm-wave data from full-body scanners. In order to perform tracking in such challenging grayscale images, we propose several enhancements and extensions to the Visual Tracking Decomposition (VTD) by Kwon and Lee. A novel region descriptor, which uses texture-based features, is presented and integrated into VTD. We improve VTD by adding a sophisticated weighting scheme for observations, better motion models, and a more realistic way for sampling and interaction. Our method not only outperforms VTD on mm-wave data but also has comparable results on normal-quality images. We are confident that our region descriptor can easily be extended to other kinds of features and applications such that tracking can be performed in a large variety of image data, especially low-resolution, low-illumination and noisy images.

Cite as

Peter Salz, Gerd Reis, and Didier Stricker. Texture-based Tracking in mm-wave Images. In Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 27, pp. 89-101, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2012)


Copy BibTex To Clipboard

@InProceedings{salz_et_al:OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.89,
  author =	{Salz, Peter and Reis, Gerd and Stricker, Didier},
  title =	{{Texture-based Tracking in mm-wave Images}},
  booktitle =	{Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011},
  pages =	{89--101},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-46-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2012},
  volume =	{27},
  editor =	{Garth, Christoph and Middel, Ariane and Hagen, Hans},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.89},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-37437},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.89},
  annote =	{Keywords: Visual Tracking decomposition, low-quality images, texture features, mm-wave imagery}
}
Document
Evaluation of Mobile Phones for Large Display Interaction

Authors: Jens Bauer, Sebastian Thelen, and Achim Ebert


Abstract
Large displays have become more and more common in the last few years. While interaction with these displays can be conducted using standard methods such as computer mouse and keyboard, this approach causes issues in multi-user environments, where the various conditions for providing multiple keyboards and mice, together with the facilities to employ them, cannot be met. To solve this problem, interaction using mobile phones was proposed by several authors. Previous solutions were specialized interaction metaphors only for certain applications. To gain more insight into general interaction patterns realizable with smart phones, we created a set of general test cases using a well-known taxonomy for interactions. These test cases were then evaluated in a user study, comparing smart phone usage against the traditional keyboard/mouse-combination. Results (time and user satisfaction) show strengths and weaknesses when using the new interaction with the smart phone. With further evaluations we draw conclusions on how to improve large display interaction using smart phones in general.

Cite as

Jens Bauer, Sebastian Thelen, and Achim Ebert. Evaluation of Mobile Phones for Large Display Interaction. In Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 27, pp. 103-112, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2012)


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@InProceedings{bauer_et_al:OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.103,
  author =	{Bauer, Jens and Thelen, Sebastian and Ebert, Achim},
  title =	{{Evaluation of Mobile Phones for Large Display Interaction}},
  booktitle =	{Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011},
  pages =	{103--112},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-46-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2012},
  volume =	{27},
  editor =	{Garth, Christoph and Middel, Ariane and Hagen, Hans},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.103},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-37442},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.103},
  annote =	{Keywords: User Study, Large Display Interaction}
}
Document
Controlling In-Vehicle Systems with a Commercial EEG Headset: Performance and Cognitive Load

Authors: Daniel Cernea, Peter-Scott Olech, Achim Ebert, and Andreas Kerren


Abstract
Humans have dreamed for centuries to control their surroundings solely by the power of their minds. These aspirations have been captured by multiple science fiction creations, such as the Neuromancer novel by William Gibson or the Brainstorm cinematic movie, to name just a few. Nowadays, these dreams are slowly becoming reality due to a variety of brain-computer interfaces (BCI) that detect neural activation patterns and support the control of devices by brain signals. An important field in which BCIs are being successfully integrated is the interaction with vehicular systems. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of BCIs, more specifically a commercial electroencephalographic (EEG) headset in combination with vehicle dashboard systems, and highlight the advantages and limitations of this approach. Further, we investigate the cognitive load that drivers experience when interacting with secondary in-vehicle devices via touch controls or a BCI headset. As in-vehicle systems are increasingly versatile and complex, it becomes vital to capture the level of distraction and errors that controlling these secondary systems might introduce to the primary driving process. Our results suggest that the control with the EEG headset introduces less distraction to the driver, probably as it allows the eyes of the driver to remain focused on the road. Still, the control of the vehicle dashboard by EEG is efficient only for a limited number of functions, after which increasing the number of in-vehicle controls amplifies the detection of false commands.

Cite as

Daniel Cernea, Peter-Scott Olech, Achim Ebert, and Andreas Kerren. Controlling In-Vehicle Systems with a Commercial EEG Headset: Performance and Cognitive Load. In Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 27, pp. 113-122, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2012)


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@InProceedings{cernea_et_al:OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.113,
  author =	{Cernea, Daniel and Olech, Peter-Scott and Ebert, Achim and Kerren, Andreas},
  title =	{{Controlling In-Vehicle Systems with a Commercial EEG Headset: Performance and Cognitive Load}},
  booktitle =	{Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011},
  pages =	{113--122},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-46-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2012},
  volume =	{27},
  editor =	{Garth, Christoph and Middel, Ariane and Hagen, Hans},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.113},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-37459},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.113},
  annote =	{Keywords: Brain-computer interface, EEG neuroheadset, EEG control, driver cog- nitive workload, in-vehicle systems.}
}
Document
A Hand-held Laser Scanner based on Multi-camera Stereo-matching

Authors: Christoph Bender, Klaus Denker, Markus Friedrich, Kai Hirt, and Georg Umlauf


Abstract
Most laser scanners in engineering are extended versions of tactile measuring machines. These high precision devices are typically very expensive and hardware modifications are not possible without impairing the precision of the device. For these reasons we built our own laser-scanner system. It is based on a multi-camera reconstruction system developed for fast 3D face reconstructions. Based on this camera system, we developed a laser-scanner using GPU accelerated stereo-matching techniques and a hand-held line-laser probe. The resulting reconstruction is solely based on the known camera positions and parameters. Thus, it is not necessary to track the position and movement of the line-laser probe. This yields an inexpensive laser-scanner system where every hardware component can be modified individually for experiments and future extensions of the system.

Cite as

Christoph Bender, Klaus Denker, Markus Friedrich, Kai Hirt, and Georg Umlauf. A Hand-held Laser Scanner based on Multi-camera Stereo-matching. In Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 27, pp. 123-133, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2012)


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@InProceedings{bender_et_al:OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.123,
  author =	{Bender, Christoph and Denker, Klaus and Friedrich, Markus and Hirt, Kai and Umlauf, Georg},
  title =	{{A Hand-held Laser Scanner based on Multi-camera Stereo-matching}},
  booktitle =	{Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011},
  pages =	{123--133},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-46-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2012},
  volume =	{27},
  editor =	{Garth, Christoph and Middel, Ariane and Hagen, Hans},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.123},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-37461},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.123},
  annote =	{Keywords: Laser scanner, 3D point clouds, stereo-matching, multi-camera}
}
Document
A Survey of Dimension Reduction Methods for High-dimensional Data Analysis and Visualization

Authors: Daniel Engel, Lars Hüttenberger, and Bernd Hamann


Abstract
Dimension reduction is commonly defined as the process of mapping high-dimensional data to a lower-dimensional embedding. Applications of dimension reduction include, but are not limited to, filtering, compression, regression, classification, feature analysis, and visualization. We review methods that compute a point-based visual representation of high-dimensional data sets to aid in exploratory data analysis. The aim is not to be exhaustive but to provide an overview of basic approaches, as well as to review select state-of-the-art methods. Our survey paper is an introduction to dimension reduction from a visualization point of view. Subsequently, a comparison of state-of-the-art methods outlines relations and shared research foci.

Cite as

Daniel Engel, Lars Hüttenberger, and Bernd Hamann. A Survey of Dimension Reduction Methods for High-dimensional Data Analysis and Visualization. In Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 27, pp. 135-149, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2012)


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@InProceedings{engel_et_al:OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.135,
  author =	{Engel, Daniel and H\"{u}ttenberger, Lars and Hamann, Bernd},
  title =	{{A Survey of Dimension Reduction Methods for High-dimensional Data Analysis and Visualization}},
  booktitle =	{Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011},
  pages =	{135--149},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-46-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2012},
  volume =	{27},
  editor =	{Garth, Christoph and Middel, Ariane and Hagen, Hans},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.135},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-37475},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.135},
  annote =	{Keywords: high-dimensional, multivariate data, dimension reduction, manifold learning}
}
Document
A General Introduction To Graph Visualization Techniques

Authors: Raga'ad M. Tarawaneh, Patric Keller, and Achim Ebert


Abstract
Generally, a graph is an abstract data type used to represent relations among a given set of data entities. Graphs are used in numerous applications within the field of information visualization, such as VLSI (circuit schematics), state-transition diagrams, and social networks. The size and complexity of graphs easily reach dimensions at which the task of exploring and navigating gets crucial. Moreover, additional requirements have to be met in order to provide proper visualizations. In this context, many techniques already have been introduced. This survey aims to provide an introduction on graph visualization techniques helping the reader to gain a first insight into the most fundamental techniques. Furthermore, a brief introduction about navigation and interaction tools is provided.

Cite as

Raga'ad M. Tarawaneh, Patric Keller, and Achim Ebert. A General Introduction To Graph Visualization Techniques. In Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 27, pp. 151-164, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2012)


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@InProceedings{tarawaneh_et_al:OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.151,
  author =	{Tarawaneh, Raga'ad M. and Keller, Patric and Ebert, Achim},
  title =	{{A General Introduction To Graph Visualization Techniques}},
  booktitle =	{Visualization of Large and Unstructured Data Sets: Applications in Geospatial Planning, Modeling and Engineering - Proceedings of IRTG 1131 Workshop 2011},
  pages =	{151--164},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-46-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2012},
  volume =	{27},
  editor =	{Garth, Christoph and Middel, Ariane and Hagen, Hans},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.151},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-37484},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.VLUDS.2011.151},
  annote =	{Keywords: Graph Visualization, Layout Algorithms, Graph Drawing, Interaction Techniques}
}

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