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Documents authored by Stuckenschmidt, Heiner

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.TIME.2019.8
Time-Aware Probabilistic Knowledge Graphs

Authors: Melisachew Wudage Chekol and Heiner Stuckenschmidt

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 147, 26th International Symposium on Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME 2019)

Abstract
The emergence of open information extraction as a tool for constructing and expanding knowledge graphs has aided the growth of temporal data, for instance, YAGO, NELL and Wikidata. While YAGO and Wikidata maintain the valid time of facts, NELL records the time point at which a fact is retrieved from some Web corpora. Collectively, these knowledge graphs (KG) store facts extracted from Wikipedia and other sources. Due to the imprecise nature of the extraction tools that are used to build and expand KG, such as NELL, the facts in the KG are weighted (a confidence value representing the correctness of a fact). Additionally, NELL can be considered as a transaction time KG because every fact is associated with extraction date. On the other hand, YAGO and Wikidata use the valid time model because they maintain facts together with their validity time (temporal scope). In this paper, we propose a bitemporal model (that combines transaction and valid time models) for maintaining and querying bitemporal probabilistic knowledge graphs. We study coalescing and scalability of marginal and MAP inference. Moreover, we show that complexity of reasoning tasks in atemporal probabilistic KG carry over to the bitemporal setting. Finally, we report our evaluation results of the proposed model.
Cite as

Melisachew Wudage Chekol and Heiner Stuckenschmidt. Time-Aware Probabilistic Knowledge Graphs. In 26th International Symposium on Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 147, pp. 8:1-8:17, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@InProceedings{chekol_et_al:LIPIcs.TIME.2019.8,
  author =	{Chekol, Melisachew Wudage and Stuckenschmidt, Heiner},
  title =	{{Time-Aware Probabilistic Knowledge Graphs}},
  booktitle =	{26th International Symposium on Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME 2019)},
  pages =	{8:1--8:17},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-127-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{147},
  editor =	{Gamper, Johann and Pinchinat, Sophie and Sciavicco, Guido},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.TIME.2019.8},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-113662},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.TIME.2019.8},
  annote =	{Keywords: temporal, probabilistic, knowledge graph, OWL-RL}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.LDK.2019.8
Exploiting Background Knowledge for Argumentative Relation Classification

Authors: Jonathan Kobbe, Juri Opitz, Maria Becker, Ioana Hulpuş, Heiner Stuckenschmidt, and Anette Frank

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 70, 2nd Conference on Language, Data and Knowledge (LDK 2019)

Abstract
Argumentative relation classification is the task of determining the type of relation (e.g., support or attack) that holds between two argument units. Current state-of-the-art models primarily exploit surface-linguistic features including discourse markers, modals or adverbials to classify argumentative relations. However, a system that performs argument analysis using mainly rhetorical features can be easily fooled by the stylistic presentation of the argument as opposed to its content, in cases where a weak argument is concealed by strong rhetorical means. This paper explores the difficulties and the potential effectiveness of knowledge-enhanced argument analysis, with the aim of advancing the state-of-the-art in argument analysis towards a deeper, knowledge-based understanding and representation of arguments. We propose an argumentative relation classification system that employs linguistic as well as knowledge-based features, and investigate the effects of injecting background knowledge into a neural baseline model for argumentative relation classification. Starting from a Siamese neural network that classifies pairs of argument units into support vs. attack relations, we extend this system with a set of features that encode a variety of features extracted from two complementary background knowledge resources: ConceptNet and DBpedia. We evaluate our systems on three different datasets and show that the inclusion of background knowledge can improve the classification performance by considerable margins. Thus, our work offers a first step towards effective, knowledge-rich argument analysis.
Cite as

Jonathan Kobbe, Juri Opitz, Maria Becker, Ioana Hulpuş, Heiner Stuckenschmidt, and Anette Frank. Exploiting Background Knowledge for Argumentative Relation Classification. In 2nd Conference on Language, Data and Knowledge (LDK 2019). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 70, pp. 8:1-8:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@InProceedings{kobbe_et_al:OASIcs.LDK.2019.8,
  author =	{Kobbe, Jonathan and Opitz, Juri and Becker, Maria and Hulpu\c{s}, Ioana and Stuckenschmidt, Heiner and Frank, Anette},
  title =	{{Exploiting Background Knowledge for Argumentative Relation Classification}},
  booktitle =	{2nd Conference on Language, Data and Knowledge (LDK 2019)},
  pages =	{8:1--8:14},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-105-4},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{70},
  editor =	{Eskevich, Maria and de Melo, Gerard and F\"{a}th, Christian and McCrae, John P. and Buitelaar, Paul and Chiarcos, Christian and Klimek, Bettina and Dojchinovski, Milan},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.LDK.2019.8},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-103723},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.LDK.2019.8},
  annote =	{Keywords: argument structure analysis, background knowledge, argumentative functions, argument classification, commonsense knowledge relations}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.ICLP.2017.4
Rule Based Temporal Inference

Authors: Melisachew Wudage Chekol and Heiner Stuckenschmidt

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 58, Technical Communications of the 33rd International Conference on Logic Programming (ICLP 2017)

Abstract
Time-wise knowledge is relevant in knowledge graphs as the majority facts are true in some time period, for instance, (Barack Obama, president of, USA, 2009, 2017). Consequently, temporal information extraction and temporal scoping of facts in knowledge graphs have been a focus of recent research. Due to this, a number of temporal knowledge graphs have become available such as YAGO and Wikidata. In addition, since the temporal facts are obtained from open text, they can be weighted, i.e., the extraction tools assign each fact with a confidence score indicating how likely that fact is to be true. Temporal facts coupled with confidence scores result in a probabilistic temporal knowledge graph. In such a graph, probabilistic query evaluation (marginal inference) and computing most probable explanations (MPE inference) are fundamental problems. In addition, in these problems temporal coalescing, an important research in temporal databases, is very challenging. In this work, we study these problems by using probabilistic programming. We report experimental results comparing the efficiency of several state of the art systems.
Cite as

Melisachew Wudage Chekol and Heiner Stuckenschmidt. Rule Based Temporal Inference. In Technical Communications of the 33rd International Conference on Logic Programming (ICLP 2017). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 58, pp. 4:1-4:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)

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@InProceedings{chekol_et_al:OASIcs.ICLP.2017.4,
  author =	{Chekol, Melisachew Wudage and Stuckenschmidt, Heiner},
  title =	{{Rule Based Temporal Inference}},
  booktitle =	{Technical Communications of the 33rd International Conference on Logic Programming (ICLP 2017)},
  pages =	{4:1--4:14},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-058-3},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{58},
  editor =	{Rocha, Ricardo and Son, Tran Cao and Mears, Christopher and Saeedloei, Neda},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ICLP.2017.4},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-84612},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ICLP.2017.4},
  annote =	{Keywords: temporal inference, temporal knowledge graphs, probabilistic temporal reasoning}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.10042.4
Towards Expressive Stream Reasoning

Authors: Heiner Stuckenschmidt, Stefano Ceri, Emanuele Della Valle, and Frank van Harmelen

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 10042, Semantic Challenges in Sensor Networks (2010)

Abstract
Stream Data processing has become a popular topic in database research addressing the challenge of efficiently answering queries over continuous data streams. Meanwhile data streams have become more and more important as a basis for higher level decision processes that require complex reasoning over data streams and rich background knowledge. In previous work the foundation for complex reasoning over streams and background knowledge was laid by introducing technologies for wrapping and querying streams in the RDF data format and by supporting simple forms of reasoning in terms of incremental view maintenance. In this paper, we discuss how this existing technologies should be extended toward richer forms of reasoning using Sensor Networks as a motivating example.
Cite as

Heiner Stuckenschmidt, Stefano Ceri, Emanuele Della Valle, and Frank van Harmelen. Towards Expressive Stream Reasoning. In Semantic Challenges in Sensor Networks. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 10042, pp. 1-14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2010)

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@InProceedings{stuckenschmidt_et_al:DagSemProc.10042.4,
  author =	{Stuckenschmidt, Heiner and Ceri, Stefano and Della Valle, Emanuele and van Harmelen, Frank},
  title =	{{Towards Expressive Stream Reasoning}},
  booktitle =	{Semantic Challenges in Sensor Networks},
  pages =	{1--14},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2010},
  volume =	{10042},
  editor =	{Karl Aberer and Avigdor Gal and Manfred Hauswirth and Kai-Uwe Sattler and Amit P. Sheth},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.10042.4},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-25555},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.10042.4},
  annote =	{Keywords: Streaming Data, Reasoning, C-SPARQL, Sensor Networks}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.09161.4
Cartographic and semantic aspects on web services

Authors: Lars Harrie and Heiner Stuckenschmidt

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9161, Generalization of spatial information (2009)

Abstract
Several countries are currently working on setting up geoportals as part of their national spatial data infrastructure (SDI) (and this is also a requirement of the Inspire initiative). A key ability of these geoportals is that the user should be able to view (and download) data from several sources from one access point. This will certainly make the access to geospatial data easier. However, there are also cartographic and semantic challenges that have to be solved. In this discussion group we discussed some topics concerning both download services and view services and some possible solutions.
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Lars Harrie and Heiner Stuckenschmidt. Cartographic and semantic aspects on web services. In Generalization of spatial information. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9161, pp. 1-6, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2009)

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@InProceedings{harrie_et_al:DagSemProc.09161.4,
  author =	{Harrie, Lars and Stuckenschmidt, Heiner},
  title =	{{Cartographic and semantic aspects on web services}},
  booktitle =	{Generalization of spatial information},
  pages =	{1--6},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2009},
  volume =	{9161},
  editor =	{S\'{e}bastien Musti\`{e}re and Monika Sester and Frank van Harmelen and Peter van Oosterom},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.09161.4},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-21345},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.09161.4},
  annote =	{Keywords: Geopertals, integration, semantic technologies}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.09161.6
Spatial Reasoning for the Semantic Web - Use Cases and Technological Challenges

Authors: Heiner Stuckenschmidt

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9161, Generalization of spatial information (2009)

Abstract
The goal of semantic web research is to turn the World-Wide Web into a Web of Data that can be processed automatically to a much larger extend than possible with traditional web technology. Important features of the solution currently being developed is the ability to link data from from different sources and to provide formal definitions of the intended meaning of the terminology used in different sources as a basis for deriving implicit information and for conflict detection. Both requires the ability to reason about the definition of terms. With the development of OWL as the standard language for representing terminological knowledge, reasoning in description logics has been determined as the major technique for performing this reasoning cite{OWLreasoning}. More recently, rule languages have gained more importance as well as they have been shown to be more suited for efficient reasoning about terminology and data at the same time. So far little attention has been paid to the problem of representing and reasoning about space and time on the semantic web. In particular, existing semantic web languages are not well suited for representing these aspects as they require to operate over metric spaces that behave fundamentally different from the abstract interpretation domains description logics are based on. Nevertheless, there is a strong need to integrate reasoning about space and time into existing semantic web technologies especially because more and more data available on the web has a references to space and time. Images taken by digital cameras are a good example of such data as they come with a time stamp and geographic coordinates. In this paper, we concentrate on spatial aspects and discuss different use case for reasoning about spatial aspects on the (semantic) web and possible technological solutions for these use cases. Based on these discussions we conclude that the actual open problem is not existing technologies for terminological or spatial reasoning, but the lack of an established mechanism for combining the two.
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Heiner Stuckenschmidt. Spatial Reasoning for the Semantic Web - Use Cases and Technological Challenges. In Generalization of spatial information. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9161, pp. 1-7, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2009)

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@InProceedings{stuckenschmidt:DagSemProc.09161.6,
  author =	{Stuckenschmidt, Heiner},
  title =	{{Spatial Reasoning for the Semantic Web - Use Cases and Technological Challenges}},
  booktitle =	{Generalization of spatial information},
  pages =	{1--7},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2009},
  volume =	{9161},
  editor =	{S\'{e}bastien Musti\`{e}re and Monika Sester and Frank van Harmelen and Peter van Oosterom},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.09161.6},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-21386},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.09161.6},
  annote =	{Keywords: Semantic Web, Spatial reasoning}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.05271.16
Towards Mapping-Based Document Retrieval in Heterogeneous Digital Libraries

Authors: Heiner Stuckenschmidt, Wolf Siberski, and Erik van Mulligen

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 5271, Semantic Grid: The Convergence of Technologies (2005)

Abstract
In many scientific domains, researchers depend on a timely and efficient access to available publications in their particular area. The increasing availability of publications in electronic form via digital libraries is a reaction to this need. A remaining problem is the fact that the pool of all available publications is distributed between different libraries. In order to increase the availability of information, these different libraries should be linked in such a way, that all the information is available via any one of them. Peer-to-peer technologies provide sophisticated solutions for this kind of loose integration of information sources. In our work, we consider digital libraries that organize documents according to a dedicated classification hierarchy or provide access to information on the basis of a thesaurus. These kinds of access mechanisms have proven to increase the retrieval result and are therefore widely used. On the other hand, this causes new problems as different sources will use different classifications and thesauri to organize information. This means, that we have to be able to mediate between these different structures. Integrating this mediation into the information retrieval process is a problem that to the best of our knowledge has not been addressed before.
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Heiner Stuckenschmidt, Wolf Siberski, and Erik van Mulligen. Towards Mapping-Based Document Retrieval in Heterogeneous Digital Libraries. In Semantic Grid: The Convergence of Technologies. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 5271, pp. 1-4, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2005)

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@InProceedings{stuckenschmidt_et_al:DagSemProc.05271.16,
  author =	{Stuckenschmidt, Heiner and Siberski, Wolf and van Mulligen, Erik},
  title =	{{Towards Mapping-Based Document Retrieval in Heterogeneous Digital Libraries}},
  booktitle =	{Semantic Grid: The Convergence of Technologies},
  pages =	{1--4},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2005},
  volume =	{5271},
  editor =	{Carole Goble and Carl Kesselman and York Sure},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.05271.16},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-3859},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.05271.16},
  annote =	{Keywords: Classifications, Concept Matching, Information Retrieval}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.04391.13
Ontology Alignment: An annotated Bibliography

Authors: Natasha Noy and Heiner Stuckenschmidt

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 4391, Semantic Interoperability and Integration (2005)

Abstract
Ontology mapping, alignment, and translation has been an active research component of the general research on semantic integration and interoperability. In our talk, we gave our own classification of different topics in this research. We talked about types of heterogeneity between ontologies, various mapping representations, classified methods for discovering methods both between ontology concepts and data, and talked about various tasks where mappings are used. In this extended abstract of our talk, we provide an annotated bibliography for this area of research, giving readers brief pointers on representative papers in each of the topics mentioned above. We did not attempt to compile a comprehensive bibliography and hence the list in this abstract is necessarily incomplete. Rather, we tried to sketch a map of the field, with some specific reference to help interested readers in their exploration of the work to-date.
Cite as

Natasha Noy and Heiner Stuckenschmidt. Ontology Alignment: An annotated Bibliography. In Semantic Interoperability and Integration. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 4391, pp. 1-8, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2005)

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@InProceedings{noy_et_al:DagSemProc.04391.13,
  author =	{Noy, Natasha and Stuckenschmidt, Heiner},
  title =	{{Ontology Alignment: An annotated Bibliography}},
  booktitle =	{Semantic Interoperability and Integration},
  pages =	{1--8},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2005},
  volume =	{4391},
  editor =	{Y. Kalfoglou and M. Schorlemmer and A. Sheth and S. Staab and M. Uschold},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.04391.13},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-485},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.04391.13},
  annote =	{Keywords: ontologies , mapping , integration}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.04391.17
Representation of Semantic Mappings

Authors: Heiner Stuckenschmidt and Michael Uschold

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 4391, Semantic Interoperability and Integration (2005)

Abstract
The aim of this breakout session was to chart the landscape of existing approaches for representing mappings between heterogeneous models, identify common ideas and formulate research questions to be addressed in the future. In the session, the discussion mainly concerned three aspects: The nature of mappings, existing proposals for mappings and open research questions.
Cite as

Heiner Stuckenschmidt and Michael Uschold. Representation of Semantic Mappings. In Semantic Interoperability and Integration. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 4391, pp. 1-4, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2005)

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@InProceedings{stuckenschmidt_et_al:DagSemProc.04391.17,
  author =	{Stuckenschmidt, Heiner and Uschold, Michael},
  title =	{{Representation of Semantic Mappings}},
  booktitle =	{Semantic Interoperability and Integration},
  pages =	{1--4},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2005},
  volume =	{4391},
  editor =	{Y. Kalfoglou and M. Schorlemmer and A. Sheth and S. Staab and M. Uschold},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.04391.17},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-537},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.04391.17},
  annote =	{Keywords: Mapping Languages , Integration}
}
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