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Documents authored by Sullivan, Blair D.

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2024.15
Preprocessing to Reduce the Search Space for Odd Cycle Transversal

Authors: Bart M. P. Jansen, Yosuke Mizutani, Blair D. Sullivan, and Ruben F. A. Verhaegh

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 321, 19th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2024)

Abstract
The NP-hard Odd Cycle Transversal problem asks for a minimum vertex set whose removal from an undirected input graph G breaks all odd cycles, and thereby yields a bipartite graph. The problem is well-known to be fixed-parameter tractable when parameterized by the size k of the desired solution. It also admits a randomized kernelization of polynomial size, using the celebrated matroid toolkit by Kratsch and Wahlström. The kernelization guarantees a reduction in the total size of an input graph, but does not guarantee any decrease in the size of the solution to be sought; the latter governs the size of the search space for FPT algorithms parameterized by k. We investigate under which conditions an efficient algorithm can detect one or more vertices that belong to an optimal solution to Odd Cycle Transversal. By drawing inspiration from the popular crown reduction rule for Vertex Cover, and the notion of antler decompositions that was recently proposed for Feedback Vertex Set, we introduce a graph decomposition called tight odd cycle cut that can be used to certify that a vertex set is part of an optimal odd cycle transversal. While it is NP-hard to compute such a graph decomposition, we develop parameterized algorithms to find a set of at least k vertices that belong to an optimal odd cycle transversal when the input contains a tight odd cycle cut certifying the membership of k vertices in an optimal solution. The resulting algorithm formalizes when the search space for the solution-size parameterization of Odd Cycle Transversal can be reduced by preprocessing. To obtain our results, we develop a graph reduction step that can be used to simplify the graph to the point that the odd cycle cut can be detected via color coding.
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Bart M. P. Jansen, Yosuke Mizutani, Blair D. Sullivan, and Ruben F. A. Verhaegh. Preprocessing to Reduce the Search Space for Odd Cycle Transversal. In 19th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 321, pp. 15:1-15:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{jansen_et_al:LIPIcs.IPEC.2024.15,
  author =	{Jansen, Bart M. P. and Mizutani, Yosuke and Sullivan, Blair D. and Verhaegh, Ruben F. A.},
  title =	{{Preprocessing to Reduce the Search Space for Odd Cycle Transversal}},
  booktitle =	{19th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2024)},
  pages =	{15:1--15:18},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-353-9},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{321},
  editor =	{Bonnet, \'{E}douard and Rz\k{a}\.{z}ewski, Pawe{\l}},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2024.15},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-222412},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2024.15},
  annote =	{Keywords: odd cycle transversal, parameterized complexity, graph decomposition, search-space reduction, witness of optimality}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.SWAT.2024.8
Correlation Clustering with Vertex Splitting

Authors: Matthias Bentert, Alex Crane, Pål Grønås Drange, Felix Reidl, and Blair D. Sullivan

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 294, 19th Scandinavian Symposium and Workshops on Algorithm Theory (SWAT 2024)

Abstract
We explore CLUSTER EDITING and its generalization CORRELATION CLUSTERING with a new operation called permissive vertex splitting which addresses finding overlapping clusters in the face of uncertain information. We determine that both problems are NP-hard, yet they exhibit significant differences in terms of parameterized complexity and approximability. For CLUSTER EDITING WITH PERMISSIVE VERTEX SPLITTING, we show a polynomial kernel when parameterized by the solution size and develop a polynomial-time 7-approximation. In the case of CORRELATION CLUSTERING, we establish para-NP-hardness when parameterized by the solution size and demonstrate that computing an n^{1-ε}-approximation is NP-hard for any constant ε > 0. Additionally, we extend an established link between CORRELATION CLUSTERING and MULTICUT to the setting with permissive vertex splits.
Cite as

Matthias Bentert, Alex Crane, Pål Grønås Drange, Felix Reidl, and Blair D. Sullivan. Correlation Clustering with Vertex Splitting. In 19th Scandinavian Symposium and Workshops on Algorithm Theory (SWAT 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 294, pp. 8:1-8:17, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{bentert_et_al:LIPIcs.SWAT.2024.8,
  author =	{Bentert, Matthias and Crane, Alex and Drange, P\r{a}l Gr{\o}n\r{a}s and Reidl, Felix and Sullivan, Blair D.},
  title =	{{Correlation Clustering with Vertex Splitting}},
  booktitle =	{19th Scandinavian Symposium and Workshops on Algorithm Theory (SWAT 2024)},
  pages =	{8:1--8:17},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-318-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{294},
  editor =	{Bodlaender, Hans L.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.SWAT.2024.8},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-200483},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.SWAT.2024.8},
  annote =	{Keywords: graph modification, cluster editing, overlapping clustering, approximation, parameterized complexity}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagRep.13.8.1
Recent Trends in Graph Decomposition (Dagstuhl Seminar 23331)

Authors: George Karypis, Christian Schulz, Darren Strash, Deepak Ajwani, Rob H. Bisseling, Katrin Casel, Ümit V. Çatalyürek, Cédric Chevalier, Florian Chudigiewitsch, Marcelo Fonseca Faraj, Michael Fellows, Lars Gottesbüren, Tobias Heuer, Kamer Kaya, Jakub Lacki, Johannes Langguth, Xiaoye Sherry Li, Ruben Mayer, Johannes Meintrup, Yosuke Mizutani, François Pellegrini, Fabrizio Petrini, Frances Rosamond, Ilya Safro, Sebastian Schlag, Roohani Sharma, Blair D. Sullivan, Bora Uçar, and Albert-Jan Yzelman

Published in: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 13, Issue 8 (2024)

Abstract
This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 23331 "Recent Trends in Graph Decomposition", which took place from 13. August to 18. August, 2023. The seminar brought together 33 experts from academia and industry to discuss graph decomposition, a pivotal technique for handling massive graphs in applications such as social networks and scientific simulations. The seminar addressed the challenges posed by contemporary hardware designs, the potential of deep neural networks and reinforcement learning in developing heuristics, the unique optimization requirements of large sparse data, and the need for scalable algorithms suitable for emerging architectures. Through presentations, discussions, and collaborative sessions, the event fostered an exchange of innovative ideas, leading to the creation of community notes highlighting key open problems in the field.
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George Karypis, Christian Schulz, Darren Strash, Deepak Ajwani, Rob H. Bisseling, Katrin Casel, Ümit V. Çatalyürek, Cédric Chevalier, Florian Chudigiewitsch, Marcelo Fonseca Faraj, Michael Fellows, Lars Gottesbüren, Tobias Heuer, Kamer Kaya, Jakub Lacki, Johannes Langguth, Xiaoye Sherry Li, Ruben Mayer, Johannes Meintrup, Yosuke Mizutani, François Pellegrini, Fabrizio Petrini, Frances Rosamond, Ilya Safro, Sebastian Schlag, Roohani Sharma, Blair D. Sullivan, Bora Uçar, and Albert-Jan Yzelman. Recent Trends in Graph Decomposition (Dagstuhl Seminar 23331). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 13, Issue 8, pp. 1-45, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@Article{karypis_et_al:DagRep.13.8.1,
  author =	{Karypis, George and Schulz, Christian and Strash, Darren and Ajwani, Deepak and Bisseling, Rob H. and Casel, Katrin and \c{C}ataly\"{u}rek, \"{U}mit V. and Chevalier, C\'{e}dric and Chudigiewitsch, Florian and Faraj, Marcelo Fonseca and Fellows, Michael and Gottesb\"{u}ren, Lars and Heuer, Tobias and Kaya, Kamer and Lacki, Jakub and Langguth, Johannes and Li, Xiaoye Sherry and Mayer, Ruben and Meintrup, Johannes and Mizutani, Yosuke and Pellegrini, Fran\c{c}ois and Petrini, Fabrizio and Rosamond, Frances and Safro, Ilya and Schlag, Sebastian and Sharma, Roohani and Sullivan, Blair D. and U\c{c}ar, Bora and Yzelman, Albert-Jan},
  title =	{{Recent Trends in Graph Decomposition (Dagstuhl Seminar 23331)}},
  pages =	{1--45},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Reports},
  ISSN =	{2192-5283},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{13},
  number =	{8},
  editor =	{Karypis, George and Schulz, Christian and Strash, Darren},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.13.8.1},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-198114},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagRep.13.8.1},
  annote =	{Keywords: combinatorial optimization, experimental algorithmics, parallel algorithms}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2023.2
Cluster Editing with Overlapping Communities

Authors: Emmanuel Arrighi, Matthias Bentert, Pål Grønås Drange, Blair D. Sullivan, and Petra Wolf

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 285, 18th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2023)

Abstract
Cluster Editing, also known as correlation clustering, is a well-studied graph modification problem. In this problem, one is given a graph and allowed to perform up to k edge additions and deletions to transform it into a cluster graph, i.e., a graph consisting of a disjoint union of cliques. However, in real-world networks, clusters are often overlapping. For example, in social networks, a person might belong to several communities - e.g. those corresponding to work, school, or neighborhood. Another strong motivation comes from language networks where trying to cluster words with similar usage can be confounded by homonyms, that is, words with multiple meanings like "bat". The recently introduced operation of vertex splitting is one natural approach to incorporating such overlap into Cluster Editing. First used in the context of graph drawing, this operation allows a vertex v to be replaced by two vertices whose combined neighborhood is the neighborhood of v (and thus v can belong to more than one cluster). The problem of transforming a graph into a cluster graph using at most k edge additions, edge deletions, or vertex splits is called Cluster Editing with Vertex Splitting and is known to admit a polynomial kernel with respect to k and an O(9^{k²} + n + m)-time (parameterized) algorithm. However, it was not known whether the problem is NP-hard, a question which was originally asked by Abu-Khzam et al. [Combinatorial Optimization, 2018]. We answer this in the affirmative. We further give an improved algorithm running in O(2^{7klog k} + n + m) time.
Cite as

Emmanuel Arrighi, Matthias Bentert, Pål Grønås Drange, Blair D. Sullivan, and Petra Wolf. Cluster Editing with Overlapping Communities. In 18th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2023). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 285, pp. 2:1-2:12, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)

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@InProceedings{arrighi_et_al:LIPIcs.IPEC.2023.2,
  author =	{Arrighi, Emmanuel and Bentert, Matthias and Drange, P\r{a}l Gr{\o}n\r{a}s and Sullivan, Blair D. and Wolf, Petra},
  title =	{{Cluster Editing with Overlapping Communities}},
  booktitle =	{18th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2023)},
  pages =	{2:1--2:12},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-305-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{285},
  editor =	{Misra, Neeldhara and Wahlstr\"{o}m, Magnus},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2023.2},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-194218},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2023.2},
  annote =	{Keywords: graph modification, correlation clustering, vertex splitting, NP-hardness, parameterized algorithm}
}
Document
PACE Solver Description
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2023.36
PACE Solver Description: Hydra Prime

Authors: Yosuke Mizutani, David Dursteler, and Blair D. Sullivan

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 285, 18th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2023)

Abstract
This note describes our submission to the 2023 PACE Challenge on the computation of twin-width. Our solver Hydra Prime combines modular decomposition with a collection of upper- and lower-bound algorithms, which are alternatingly applied on the prime graphs resulting from the modular decomposition. We introduce two novel approaches which contributed to the solver’s winning performance in the Exact Track: timeline encoding and hydra decomposition. Timeline encoding is a new data structure for computing the width of a given contraction sequence, enabling faster local search; the hydra decomposition is an iterative refinement strategy featuring a small vertex separator.
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Yosuke Mizutani, David Dursteler, and Blair D. Sullivan. PACE Solver Description: Hydra Prime. In 18th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2023). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 285, pp. 36:1-36:5, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)

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@InProceedings{mizutani_et_al:LIPIcs.IPEC.2023.36,
  author =	{Mizutani, Yosuke and Dursteler, David and Sullivan, Blair D.},
  title =	{{PACE Solver Description: Hydra Prime}},
  booktitle =	{18th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2023)},
  pages =	{36:1--36:5},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-305-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{285},
  editor =	{Misra, Neeldhara and Wahlstr\"{o}m, Magnus},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2023.36},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-194552},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2023.36},
  annote =	{Keywords: Twin-width, PACE 2023}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2022.23
Parameterized Complexity of Maximum Happy Set and Densest k-Subgraph

Authors: Yosuke Mizutani and Blair D. Sullivan

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 249, 17th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2022)

Abstract
We present fixed-parameter tractable (FPT) algorithms for two problems, Maximum Happy Set (MaxHS) and Densest k-Subgraph (DkS) - also known as Maximum Edge Happy Set. Given a graph G and an integer k, MaxHS asks for a set S of k vertices such that the number of happy vertices with respect to S is maximized, where a vertex v is happy if v and all its neighbors are in S. We show that MaxHS can be solved in time 𝒪(2^mw ⋅ mw ⋅ k² ⋅ |V(G)|) and 𝒪(8^cw ⋅ k² ⋅ |V(G)|), where mw and cw denote the modular-width and the clique-width of G, respectively. This answers the open questions on fixed-parameter tractability posed in [Asahiro et al., 2021]. The DkS problem asks for a subgraph with k vertices maximizing the number of edges. If we define happy edges as the edges whose endpoints are in S, then DkS can be seen as an edge-variant of MaxHS. In this paper we show that DkS can be solved in time f(nd)⋅|V(G)|^𝒪(1) and 𝒪(2^{cd}⋅ k² ⋅ |V(G)|), where nd and cd denote the neighborhood diversity and the cluster deletion number of G, respectively, and f is some computable function. This result implies that DkS is also fixed-parameter tractable by twin cover number.
Cite as

Yosuke Mizutani and Blair D. Sullivan. Parameterized Complexity of Maximum Happy Set and Densest k-Subgraph. In 17th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 249, pp. 23:1-23:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)

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@InProceedings{mizutani_et_al:LIPIcs.IPEC.2022.23,
  author =	{Mizutani, Yosuke and Sullivan, Blair D.},
  title =	{{Parameterized Complexity of Maximum Happy Set and Densest k-Subgraph}},
  booktitle =	{17th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2022)},
  pages =	{23:1--23:18},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-260-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{249},
  editor =	{Dell, Holger and Nederlof, Jesper},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2022.23},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-173795},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2022.23},
  annote =	{Keywords: parameterized algorithms, maximum happy set, densest k-subgraph, modular-width, clique-width, neighborhood diversity, cluster deletion number, twin cover}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagRep.11.8.115
Sparsity in Algorithms, Combinatorics and Logic (Dagstuhl Seminar 21391)

Authors: Daniel Král’, Michał Pilipczuk, Sebastian Siebertz, and Blair D. Sullivan

Published in: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 11, Issue 8 (2022)

Abstract
This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 21391 "Sparsity in Algorithms, Combinatorics and Logic". The seminar took place in a hybrid format from September 26 - October 1, 2021 and brought together 61 researchers. This report includes a discussion of the motivation of the seminar, presentation of the overall organization, abstracts of talks, and a report from each of the working groups.
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Daniel Král’, Michał Pilipczuk, Sebastian Siebertz, and Blair D. Sullivan. Sparsity in Algorithms, Combinatorics and Logic (Dagstuhl Seminar 21391). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 11, Issue 8, pp. 115-128, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)

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@Article{kral'_et_al:DagRep.11.8.115,
  author =	{Kr\'{a}l’, Daniel and Pilipczuk, Micha{\l} and Siebertz, Sebastian and Sullivan, Blair D.},
  title =	{{Sparsity in Algorithms, Combinatorics and Logic (Dagstuhl Seminar 21391)}},
  pages =	{115--128},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Reports},
  ISSN =	{2192-5283},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{11},
  number =	{8},
  editor =	{Kr\'{a}l’, Daniel and Pilipczuk, Micha{\l} and Siebertz, Sebastian and Sullivan, Blair D.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.11.8.115},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-157718},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagRep.11.8.115},
  annote =	{Keywords: Algorithm design, Parameterised complexity, Sparse graphs, Graph decompositions, Model theory}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2019.37
Structural Rounding: Approximation Algorithms for Graphs Near an Algorithmically Tractable Class

Authors: Erik D. Demaine, Timothy D. Goodrich, Kyle Kloster, Brian Lavallee, Quanquan C. Liu, Blair D. Sullivan, Ali Vakilian, and Andrew van der Poel

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 144, 27th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2019)

Abstract
We develop a framework for generalizing approximation algorithms from the structural graph algorithm literature so that they apply to graphs somewhat close to that class (a scenario we expect is common when working with real-world networks) while still guaranteeing approximation ratios. The idea is to edit a given graph via vertex- or edge-deletions to put the graph into an algorithmically tractable class, apply known approximation algorithms for that class, and then lift the solution to apply to the original graph. We give a general characterization of when an optimization problem is amenable to this approach, and show that it includes many well-studied graph problems, such as Independent Set, Vertex Cover, Feedback Vertex Set, Minimum Maximal Matching, Chromatic Number, (l-)Dominating Set, Edge (l-)Dominating Set, and Connected Dominating Set. To enable this framework, we develop new editing algorithms that find the approximately-fewest edits required to bring a given graph into one of a few important graph classes (in some cases these are bicriteria algorithms which simultaneously approximate both the number of editing operations and the target parameter of the family). For bounded degeneracy, we obtain an O(r log{n})-approximation and a bicriteria (4,4)-approximation which also extends to a smoother bicriteria trade-off. For bounded treewidth, we obtain a bicriteria (O(log^{1.5} n), O(sqrt{log w}))-approximation, and for bounded pathwidth, we obtain a bicriteria (O(log^{1.5} n), O(sqrt{log w} * log n))-approximation. For treedepth 2 (related to bounded expansion), we obtain a 4-approximation. We also prove complementary hardness-of-approximation results assuming P != NP: in particular, these problems are all log-factor inapproximable, except the last which is not approximable below some constant factor 2 (assuming UGC).
Cite as

Erik D. Demaine, Timothy D. Goodrich, Kyle Kloster, Brian Lavallee, Quanquan C. Liu, Blair D. Sullivan, Ali Vakilian, and Andrew van der Poel. Structural Rounding: Approximation Algorithms for Graphs Near an Algorithmically Tractable Class. In 27th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 144, pp. 37:1-37:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@InProceedings{demaine_et_al:LIPIcs.ESA.2019.37,
  author =	{Demaine, Erik D. and Goodrich, Timothy D. and Kloster, Kyle and Lavallee, Brian and Liu, Quanquan C. and Sullivan, Blair D. and Vakilian, Ali and van der Poel, Andrew},
  title =	{{Structural Rounding: Approximation Algorithms for Graphs Near an Algorithmically Tractable Class}},
  booktitle =	{27th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2019)},
  pages =	{37:1--37:15},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-124-5},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{144},
  editor =	{Bender, Michael A. and Svensson, Ola and Herman, Grzegorz},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2019.37},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-111583},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2019.37},
  annote =	{Keywords: structural rounding, graph editing, approximation algorithms}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2017.79
Being Even Slightly Shallow Makes Life Hard

Authors: Irene Muzi, Michael P. O'Brien, Felix Reidl, and Blair D. Sullivan

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 83, 42nd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2017)

Abstract
We study the computational complexity of identifying dense substructures, namely r/2-shallow topological minors and r-subdivisions. Of particular interest is the case r = 1, when these substructures correspond to very localized relaxations of subgraphs. Since Densest Subgraph can be solved in polynomial time, we ask whether these slight relaxations also admit efficient algorithms. In the following, we provide a negative answer: Dense r/2-Shallow Topological Minor and Dense r-Subdivsion are already NP-hard for r = 1 in very sparse graphs. Further, they do not admit algorithms with running time 2^(o(tw^2)) n^O(1) when parameterized by the treewidth of the input graph for r > 2 unless ETH fails.
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Irene Muzi, Michael P. O'Brien, Felix Reidl, and Blair D. Sullivan. Being Even Slightly Shallow Makes Life Hard. In 42nd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2017). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 83, pp. 79:1-79:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)

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@InProceedings{muzi_et_al:LIPIcs.MFCS.2017.79,
  author =	{Muzi, Irene and O'Brien, Michael P. and Reidl, Felix and Sullivan, Blair D.},
  title =	{{Being Even Slightly Shallow Makes Life Hard}},
  booktitle =	{42nd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2017)},
  pages =	{79:1--79:13},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-046-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{83},
  editor =	{Larsen, Kim G. and Bodlaender, Hans L. and Raskin, Jean-Francois},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2017.79},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-81257},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2017.79},
  annote =	{Keywords: Topological minors, NP Completeness, Treewidth, ETH, FPT algorithms}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2016.28
A Fast Parameterized Algorithm for Co-Path Set

Authors: Blair D. Sullivan and Andrew van der Poel

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 63, 11th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2016)

Abstract
The k-CO-PATH SET problem asks, given a graph G and a positive integer k, whether one can delete k edges from G so that the remainder is a collection of disjoint paths. We give a linear-time, randomized fpt algorithm with complexity O^*(1.588^k) for deciding k-CO-PATH SET, significantly improving the previously best known O^*(2.17^k) of Feng, Zhou, and Wang (2015). Our main tool is a new O^*(4^{tw(G)}) algorithm for CO-PATH SET using the Cut&Count framework, where tw(G) denotes treewidth. In general graphs, we combine this with a branching algorithm which refines a 6k-kernel into reduced instances, which we prove have bounded treewidth.
Cite as

Blair D. Sullivan and Andrew van der Poel. A Fast Parameterized Algorithm for Co-Path Set. In 11th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2016). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 63, pp. 28:1-28:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)

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@InProceedings{sullivan_et_al:LIPIcs.IPEC.2016.28,
  author =	{Sullivan, Blair D. and van der Poel, Andrew},
  title =	{{A Fast Parameterized Algorithm for Co-Path Set}},
  booktitle =	{11th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2016)},
  pages =	{28:1--28:13},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-023-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{63},
  editor =	{Guo, Jiong and Hermelin, Danny},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2016.28},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-69371},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2016.28},
  annote =	{Keywords: co-path set, parameterized complexity, Cut\&Count, bounded treewidth}
}
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