18 Search Results for "Shulman, Michael"

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CSL.2026.12
String Diagrams for Closed Symmetric Monoidal Categories

Authors: Callum Reader and Alessandro Di Giorgio

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 363, 34th EACSL Annual Conference on Computer Science Logic (CSL 2026)

Abstract
We introduce a graphical language for closed symmetric monoidal categories based on an extension of string diagrams with special bracket wires representing internal homs. These bracket wires make the structure of the internal hom functor explicit, allowing standard morphism wires to interact with them through a well-defined set of graphical rules. We establish the soundness and completeness of the diagrammatic calculus, and illustrate its expressiveness through examples drawn from category theory, logic and programming language semantics.
Cite as

Callum Reader and Alessandro Di Giorgio. String Diagrams for Closed Symmetric Monoidal Categories. In 34th EACSL Annual Conference on Computer Science Logic (CSL 2026). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 363, pp. 12:1-12:23, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2026)

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@InProceedings{reader_et_al:LIPIcs.CSL.2026.12,
  author =	{Reader, Callum and Di Giorgio, Alessandro},
  title =	{{String Diagrams for Closed Symmetric Monoidal Categories}},
  booktitle =	{34th EACSL Annual Conference on Computer Science Logic (CSL 2026)},
  pages =	{12:1--12:23},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-411-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2026},
  volume =	{363},
  editor =	{Guerrini, Stefano and K\"{o}nig, Barbara},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CSL.2026.12},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-254369},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CSL.2026.12},
  annote =	{Keywords: diagrammatic languages, logic, lambda calculi}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CSL.2026.40
The Groupoid-Syntax of Type Theory Is a Set

Authors: Thorsten Altenkirch, Ambrus Kaposi, and Szumi Xie

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 363, 34th EACSL Annual Conference on Computer Science Logic (CSL 2026)

Abstract
Categories with families (CwFs) have been used to define the semantics of type theory in type theory. In the setting of Homotopy Type Theory (HoTT), one of the limitations of the traditional notion of CwFs is the requirement to set-truncate types, which excludes models based on univalent categories, such as the standard set model. To address this limitation, we introduce the concept of a Groupoid Category with Families (GCwF). This framework truncates types at the groupoid level and incorporates coherence equations, providing a natural extension of the CwF framework when starting from a 1-category. We demonstrate that the initial GCwF for a type theory with a base family of sets and Π-types (groupoid-syntax) is set-truncated. Consequently, this allows us to utilize the conventional intrinsic syntax of type theory while enabling interpretations in semantically richer and more natural models. All constructions in this paper were formalised in Cubical Agda.
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Thorsten Altenkirch, Ambrus Kaposi, and Szumi Xie. The Groupoid-Syntax of Type Theory Is a Set. In 34th EACSL Annual Conference on Computer Science Logic (CSL 2026). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 363, pp. 40:1-40:23, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2026)

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@InProceedings{altenkirch_et_al:LIPIcs.CSL.2026.40,
  author =	{Altenkirch, Thorsten and Kaposi, Ambrus and Xie, Szumi},
  title =	{{The Groupoid-Syntax of Type Theory Is a Set}},
  booktitle =	{34th EACSL Annual Conference on Computer Science Logic (CSL 2026)},
  pages =	{40:1--40:23},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-411-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2026},
  volume =	{363},
  editor =	{Guerrini, Stefano and K\"{o}nig, Barbara},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CSL.2026.40},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-254650},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CSL.2026.40},
  annote =	{Keywords: Categorical models of type theory, category with families, groupoids, coherence, homotopy type theory}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CSL.2026.20
On Left Adjoints Preserving Colimits in HoTT

Authors: Perry Hart

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 363, 34th EACSL Annual Conference on Computer Science Logic (CSL 2026)

Abstract
We examine how the standard proof that left adjoints preserve colimits behaves in the setting of wild categories, a natural setting for synthetic homotopy theory inside homotopy type theory. We prove that the proof may fail for adjunctions between wild categories. Our core contribution, however, is a sufficient condition on the left adjoint for the proof to go through. The condition, called 2-coherence, expresses that the naturality structure of the hom-isomorphism commutes with composition of morphisms. We present two useful examples of this condition in action. First, we use it, along with a new version of a known trick for homogeneous types, to show that the suspension functor preserves graph-indexed colimits. Second, we show that every modality, viewed as a functor on coslices of a type universe, is 2-coherent as a left adjoint to the forgetful functor from the subcategory of modal types, thereby proving this subcategory is cocomplete. We have formalized our main results in Agda.
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Perry Hart. On Left Adjoints Preserving Colimits in HoTT. In 34th EACSL Annual Conference on Computer Science Logic (CSL 2026). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 363, pp. 20:1-20:17, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2026)

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@InProceedings{hart:LIPIcs.CSL.2026.20,
  author =	{Hart, Perry},
  title =	{{On Left Adjoints Preserving Colimits in HoTT}},
  booktitle =	{34th EACSL Annual Conference on Computer Science Logic (CSL 2026)},
  pages =	{20:1--20:17},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-411-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2026},
  volume =	{363},
  editor =	{Guerrini, Stefano and K\"{o}nig, Barbara},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CSL.2026.20},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-254442},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CSL.2026.20},
  annote =	{Keywords: wild categories, colimits, adjunctions, homotopy type theory, category theory, synthetic homotopy theory, higher inductive types, modalities}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.AFT.2025.2
Zero-Knowledge Authenticator for Blockchain: Policy-Private and Obliviously Updateable

Authors: Kostas Kryptos Chalkias, Deepak Maram, Arnab Roy, Joy Wang, and Aayush Yadav

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 354, 7th Conference on Advances in Financial Technologies (AFT 2025)

Abstract
Transaction details and participant identities on the blockchain are often publicly exposed. In this work, we posit that blockchain’s transparency should not come at the cost of privacy. To that end, we introduce zero-knowledge authenticators (zkAt), a new cryptographic primitive for privacy-preserving authentication on public blockchains. zkAt utilizes zero-knowledge proofs to enable users to authenticate transactions, while keeping the underlying authentication policies private. Prior solutions for such policy-private authentication required the use of threshold signatures, which can only hide the threshold access structure itself. In comparison, zkAt provides privacy for arbitrarily complex authentication policies, and offers a richer interface even within the threshold access structure by, for instance, allowing for the combination of signatures under distinct signature schemes. In order to construct zkAt, we design a compiler that transforms the popular Groth16 non-interactive zero knowledge (NIZK) proof system into a NIZK with equivocable verification keys, a property that we define in this work. Then, for any zkAt constructed using proof systems with this new property, we show that all public information must be independent of the policy, thereby achieving policy-privacy. Next, we give an extension of zkAt, called zkAt^+ wherein, assuming a trusted authority, policies can be updated obliviously in the sense that a third-party learns no new information when a policy is updated by the policy issuer. We also give a theoretical construction for zkAt^+ using recursive NIZKs, and explore the integration of zkAt into modern blockchains. Finally, to evaluate their feasibility, we implement both our schemes for a specific threshold access structure. Our findings show that zkAt achieves comparable performance to traditional threshold signatures, while also attaining privacy for significantly more complex policies with very little overhead.
Cite as

Kostas Kryptos Chalkias, Deepak Maram, Arnab Roy, Joy Wang, and Aayush Yadav. Zero-Knowledge Authenticator for Blockchain: Policy-Private and Obliviously Updateable. In 7th Conference on Advances in Financial Technologies (AFT 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 354, pp. 2:1-2:23, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{kryptoschalkias_et_al:LIPIcs.AFT.2025.2,
  author =	{Kryptos Chalkias, Kostas and Maram, Deepak and Roy, Arnab and Wang, Joy and Yadav, Aayush},
  title =	{{Zero-Knowledge Authenticator for Blockchain: Policy-Private and Obliviously Updateable}},
  booktitle =	{7th Conference on Advances in Financial Technologies (AFT 2025)},
  pages =	{2:1--2:23},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-400-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{354},
  editor =	{Avarikioti, Zeta and Christin, Nicolas},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.AFT.2025.2},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-247218},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.AFT.2025.2},
  annote =	{Keywords: Blockchain privacy, authentication schemes, threshold wallets, zero knowledge proofs}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2025.33
Scott’s Representation Theorem and the Univalent Karoubi Envelope

Authors: Arnoud van der Leer, Kobe Wullaert, and Benedikt Ahrens

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 352, 16th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2025)

Abstract
Lambek and Scott constructed a correspondence between simply-typed lambda calculi and Cartesian closed categories. Scott’s Representation Theorem is a cousin to this result for untyped lambda calculi. It states that every untyped lambda calculus arises from a reflexive object in some category. We present a formalization of Scott’s Representation Theorem in univalent foundations, in the (Rocq-)UniMath library. Specifically, we implement two proofs of that theorem, one by Scott and one by Hyland. We also explain the role of the Karoubi envelope - a categorical construction - in the proofs and the impact the chosen foundation has on this construction. Finally, we report on some automation we have implemented for the reduction of λ-terms.
Cite as

Arnoud van der Leer, Kobe Wullaert, and Benedikt Ahrens. Scott’s Representation Theorem and the Univalent Karoubi Envelope. In 16th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 352, pp. 33:1-33:20, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{vanderleer_et_al:LIPIcs.ITP.2025.33,
  author =	{van der Leer, Arnoud and Wullaert, Kobe and Ahrens, Benedikt},
  title =	{{Scott’s Representation Theorem and the Univalent Karoubi Envelope}},
  booktitle =	{16th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2025)},
  pages =	{33:1--33:20},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-396-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{352},
  editor =	{Forster, Yannick and Keller, Chantal},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2025.33},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-246318},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2025.33},
  annote =	{Keywords: Lambda calculi, algebraic theories, categorical semantics, Karoubi envelope, formalization, Rocq-UniMath, univalent foundations}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2025.20
Formalizing Colimits in 𝒞at

Authors: Mario Carneiro and Emily Riehl

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 352, 16th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2025)

Abstract
Certain results involving "higher structures" are not currently accessible to computer formalization because the prerequisite ∞-category theory has not been formalized. To support future work on formalizing ∞-category theory in Lean’s mathematics library, we formalize some fundamental constructions involving the 1-category of categories. Specifically, we construct the left adjoint to the nerve embedding of categories into simplicial sets, defining the homotopy category functor. We prove further that this adjunction is reflective, which allows us to conclude that 𝒞at has colimits. To our knowledge this is the first formalized proof that the nerve functor is a fully faithful right adjoint and that the category of categories is cocomplete.
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Mario Carneiro and Emily Riehl. Formalizing Colimits in 𝒞at. In 16th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 352, pp. 20:1-20:19, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{carneiro_et_al:LIPIcs.ITP.2025.20,
  author =	{Carneiro, Mario and Riehl, Emily},
  title =	{{Formalizing Colimits in 𝒞at}},
  booktitle =	{16th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2025)},
  pages =	{20:1--20:19},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-396-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{352},
  editor =	{Forster, Yannick and Keller, Chantal},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2025.20},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-246186},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2025.20},
  annote =	{Keywords: category theory, infinity-category theory, nerve, simplicial set, colimit}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CALCO.2025.14
Pareto Fronts for Compositionally Solving String Diagrams of Parity Games

Authors: Kazuki Watanabe

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 342, 11th Conference on Algebra and Coalgebra in Computer Science (CALCO 2025)

Abstract
Open parity games are proposed as a compositional extension of parity games with algebraic operations, forming string diagrams of parity games. A potential application of string diagrams of parity games is to describe a large parity game with a given compositional structure and solve it efficiently as a divide-and-conquer algorithm by exploiting its compositional structure. Building on our recent progress in open Markov decision processes, we introduce Pareto fronts of open parity games, offering a framework for multi-objective solutions. We establish the positional determinacy of open parity games with respect to their Pareto fronts through a novel translation method. Our translation converts an open parity game into a parity game tailored to a given single-objective. Furthermore, we present a simple algorithm for solving open parity games, derived from this translation that allows the application of existing efficient algorithms for parity games. Expanding on this foundation, we develop a compositional algorithm for string diagrams of parity games.
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Kazuki Watanabe. Pareto Fronts for Compositionally Solving String Diagrams of Parity Games. In 11th Conference on Algebra and Coalgebra in Computer Science (CALCO 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 342, pp. 14:1-14:20, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{watanabe:LIPIcs.CALCO.2025.14,
  author =	{Watanabe, Kazuki},
  title =	{{Pareto Fronts for Compositionally Solving String Diagrams of Parity Games}},
  booktitle =	{11th Conference on Algebra and Coalgebra in Computer Science (CALCO 2025)},
  pages =	{14:1--14:20},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-383-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{342},
  editor =	{C\^{i}rstea, Corina and Knapp, Alexander},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CALCO.2025.14},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-235734},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CALCO.2025.14},
  annote =	{Keywords: parity game, compositionality, string diagram}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.FSCD.2025.33
Solving Guarded Domain Equations in Presheaves over Ordinals and Mechanizing It

Authors: Sergei Stepanenko and Amin Timany

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 337, 10th International Conference on Formal Structures for Computation and Deduction (FSCD 2025)

Abstract
Constructing solutions to recursive domain equations is a well-known, important problem in the study of programs and programming languages. Mathematically speaking, the problem is finding a fixed point (up to isomorphism) of a suitable functor over a suitable category. A particularly useful instance, inspired by the step-indexing technique, is where the functor is over (a subcategory of) the category of presheaves over the ordinal ω and the functors are locally-contractive, also known as guarded functors. This corresponds to step-indexing over natural numbers. However, for certain problems, e.g., when dealing with infinite non-determinism, one needs to employ trans-finite step-indexing, i.e., consider presheaf categories over higher ordinals. Prior work on trans-finite step-indexing either only considers a very narrow class of functors over a particularly restricted subcategory of presheaves over higher ordinals, or treats the problem very generally working with sheaves over an arbitrary complete Heyting algebra with a well-founded basis. In this paper we present a solution to the guarded domain equations problem over all guarded functors over the category of presheaves over ordinal numbers, as well as its mechanization in the Rocq Prover. As the categories of sheaves and presheaves over ordinals are equivalent, our main contribution is simplifying prior work from the setting of the category of sheaves to the setting of the category of presheaves and mechanizing it - presheaves are more amenable to mechanization in a proof assistant.
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Sergei Stepanenko and Amin Timany. Solving Guarded Domain Equations in Presheaves over Ordinals and Mechanizing It. In 10th International Conference on Formal Structures for Computation and Deduction (FSCD 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 337, pp. 33:1-33:24, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{stepanenko_et_al:LIPIcs.FSCD.2025.33,
  author =	{Stepanenko, Sergei and Timany, Amin},
  title =	{{Solving Guarded Domain Equations in Presheaves over Ordinals and Mechanizing It}},
  booktitle =	{10th International Conference on Formal Structures for Computation and Deduction (FSCD 2025)},
  pages =	{33:1--33:24},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-374-4},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{337},
  editor =	{Fern\'{a}ndez, Maribel},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSCD.2025.33},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-236486},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.FSCD.2025.33},
  annote =	{Keywords: Domain Equations, Guarded Fixed Points, Fixed Points, Category Theory, Rocq, Presheaves, Ordinals}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.FSCD.2025.27
What Does It Take to Certify a Conversion Checker?

Authors: Meven Lennon-Bertrand

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 337, 10th International Conference on Formal Structures for Computation and Deduction (FSCD 2025)

Abstract
We report on a detailed exploration of the properties of conversion (definitional equality) in dependent type theory, with the goal of certifying decision procedures for it. While in that context the property of normalisation has attracted the most light, we instead emphasize the importance of injectivity properties, showing that they alone are both crucial and sufficient to certify most desirable properties of conversion checkers. We also explore the certification of a fully untyped conversion checker, with respect to a typed specification, and show that the story is mostly unchanged, although the exact injectivity properties needed are subtly different.
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Meven Lennon-Bertrand. What Does It Take to Certify a Conversion Checker?. In 10th International Conference on Formal Structures for Computation and Deduction (FSCD 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 337, pp. 27:1-27:23, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{lennonbertrand:LIPIcs.FSCD.2025.27,
  author =	{Lennon-Bertrand, Meven},
  title =	{{What Does It Take to Certify a Conversion Checker?}},
  booktitle =	{10th International Conference on Formal Structures for Computation and Deduction (FSCD 2025)},
  pages =	{27:1--27:23},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-374-4},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{337},
  editor =	{Fern\'{a}ndez, Maribel},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSCD.2025.27},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-236428},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.FSCD.2025.27},
  annote =	{Keywords: Dependent types, Bidirectional typing, Certified software}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.TYPES.2024.3
A Foundation for Synthetic Stone Duality

Authors: Felix Cherubini, Thierry Coquand, Freek Geerligs, and Hugo Moeneclaey

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 336, 30th International Conference on Types for Proofs and Programs (TYPES 2024)

Abstract
The language of homotopy type theory has proved to be an appropriate internal language for various higher toposes, for example for the Zariski topos in Synthetic Algebraic Geometry. This paper aims to do the same for the higher topos of light condensed anima of Dustin Clausen and Peter Scholze. This seems to be an appropriate setting for synthetic topology in the style of Martín Escardó. We use homotopy type theory extended with 4 axioms. We prove Markov’s principle, LLPO and the negation of WLPO. Then we define a type of open propositions, inducing a topology on any type such that any map is continuous. We give a synthetic definition of second countable Stone and compact Hausdorff spaces, and show that their induced topologies are as expected. This means that any map from e.g. the unit interval 𝕀 to itself is continuous in the usual epsilon-delta sense. With the usual definition of cohomology in homotopy type theory, we show that H¹(S,ℤ) = 0 for S Stone and that H¹(X,ℤ) for X compact Hausdorff can be computed using Čech cohomology. We use this to prove H¹(𝕀¹,ℤ) = 0 and H¹(𝕊¹,ℤ) = ℤ where 𝕊¹ is the set ℝ/ℤ. As an application, we give a synthetic proof of Brouwer’s fixed-point theorem.
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Felix Cherubini, Thierry Coquand, Freek Geerligs, and Hugo Moeneclaey. A Foundation for Synthetic Stone Duality. In 30th International Conference on Types for Proofs and Programs (TYPES 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 336, pp. 3:1-3:20, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{cherubini_et_al:LIPIcs.TYPES.2024.3,
  author =	{Cherubini, Felix and Coquand, Thierry and Geerligs, Freek and Moeneclaey, Hugo},
  title =	{{A Foundation for Synthetic Stone Duality}},
  booktitle =	{30th International Conference on Types for Proofs and Programs (TYPES 2024)},
  pages =	{3:1--3:20},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-376-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{336},
  editor =	{M{\o}gelberg, Rasmus Ejlers and van den Berg, Benno},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.TYPES.2024.3},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-233659},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.TYPES.2024.3},
  annote =	{Keywords: Homotopy Type Theory, Synthetic Topology, Cohomology}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.TYPES.2024.1
Formalizing Equivalences Without Tears

Authors: Tom de Jong

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 336, 30th International Conference on Types for Proofs and Programs (TYPES 2024)

Abstract
This expository note describes two convenient techniques in the context of homotopy type theory for proving - and formalizing - that a given map is an equivalence. The first technique decomposes the map as a series of basic equivalences, while the second refines this approach using the 3-for-2 property of equivalences. The techniques are illustrated by proving a basic result in synthetic homotopy theory.
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Tom de Jong. Formalizing Equivalences Without Tears. In 30th International Conference on Types for Proofs and Programs (TYPES 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 336, pp. 1:1-1:6, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{dejong:LIPIcs.TYPES.2024.1,
  author =	{de Jong, Tom},
  title =	{{Formalizing Equivalences Without Tears}},
  booktitle =	{30th International Conference on Types for Proofs and Programs (TYPES 2024)},
  pages =	{1:1--1:6},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-376-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{336},
  editor =	{M{\o}gelberg, Rasmus Ejlers and van den Berg, Benno},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.TYPES.2024.1},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-233632},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.TYPES.2024.1},
  annote =	{Keywords: 3-for-2 property, 2-out-of-3 property, definitional equality, equivalence, formalization of mathematics, synthetic homotopy theory, type theory}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.TYPES.2024.9
Complexity of Cubical Cofibration Logics I: coNP-Complete Examples

Authors: Robert Rose and Daniel R. Licata

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 336, 30th International Conference on Types for Proofs and Programs (TYPES 2024)

Abstract
We provide a comprehensive classification of the cofibration entailment problem, COFENT, for the cofibration logics of various cubical type theories in use today. The problem COFENT arose from the need of cubical proof assistants to automate reasoning about cubical complexes included in an n-dimensional hypercube. Intuitively, it asks: given logical descriptions of two such complexes, is one a subcomplex of the other? We show that the common variants of COFENT are coNP-complete.
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Robert Rose and Daniel R. Licata. Complexity of Cubical Cofibration Logics I: coNP-Complete Examples. In 30th International Conference on Types for Proofs and Programs (TYPES 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 336, pp. 9:1-9:21, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{rose_et_al:LIPIcs.TYPES.2024.9,
  author =	{Rose, Robert and Licata, Daniel R.},
  title =	{{Complexity of Cubical Cofibration Logics I: coNP-Complete Examples}},
  booktitle =	{30th International Conference on Types for Proofs and Programs (TYPES 2024)},
  pages =	{9:1--9:21},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-376-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{336},
  editor =	{M{\o}gelberg, Rasmus Ejlers and van den Berg, Benno},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.TYPES.2024.9},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-233711},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.TYPES.2024.9},
  annote =	{Keywords: cubical sets, internal language, intuitionistic logic, dependent type theory, homotopy type theory, decision procedures}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CSL.2025.46
Coslice Colimits in Homotopy Type Theory

Authors: Perry Hart and Kuen-Bang Hou (Favonia)

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 326, 33rd EACSL Annual Conference on Computer Science Logic (CSL 2025)

Abstract
We contribute to the theory of (homotopy) colimits inside homotopy type theory. The heart of our work characterizes the connection between colimits in coslices of a universe, called coslice colimits, and colimits in the universe (i.e., ordinary colimits). To derive this characterization, we find an explicit construction of colimits in coslices that is tailored to reveal the connection. We use the construction to derive properties of colimits. Notably, we prove that the forgetful functor from a coslice creates colimits over trees. We also use the construction to examine how colimits interact with orthogonal factorization systems and with cohomology theories. As a consequence of their interaction with orthogonal factorization systems, all pointed colimits (special kinds of coslice colimits) preserve n-connectedness, which implies that higher groups are closed under colimits on directed graphs. We have formalized our main construction of the coslice colimit functor in Agda.
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Perry Hart and Kuen-Bang Hou (Favonia). Coslice Colimits in Homotopy Type Theory. In 33rd EACSL Annual Conference on Computer Science Logic (CSL 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 326, pp. 46:1-46:20, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{hart_et_al:LIPIcs.CSL.2025.46,
  author =	{Hart, Perry and Hou (Favonia), Kuen-Bang},
  title =	{{Coslice Colimits in Homotopy Type Theory}},
  booktitle =	{33rd EACSL Annual Conference on Computer Science Logic (CSL 2025)},
  pages =	{46:1--46:20},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-362-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{326},
  editor =	{Endrullis, J\"{o}rg and Schmitz, Sylvain},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CSL.2025.46},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-228039},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CSL.2025.46},
  annote =	{Keywords: colimits, homotopy type theory, category theory, higher inductive types, synthetic homotopy theory}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2023.33
Dependently Sorted Theorem Proving for Mathematical Foundations

Authors: Yiming Xu and Michael Norrish

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 268, 14th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2023)

Abstract
We describe a new meta-logical system for mechanising foundations of mathematics. Using dependent sorts and first order logic, our system (implemented as an LCF-style theorem-prover) improves on the state-of-the-art by providing efficient type-checking, convenient automatic rewriting and interactive proof support. We assess our implementation by axiomatising Lawvere’s Elementary Theory of the Category of Sets (ETCS) [F. William Lawvere, 1964], and Shulman’s Sets, Elements and Relations (SEAR) [Michael Shulman, 2022]. We then demonstrate our system’s ability to perform some basic mathematical constructions such as quotienting, induction and coinduction by constructing integers, lists and colists. We also compare with some existing work on modal model theory done in HOL4 [Yiming Xu and Michael Norrish, 2020]. Using the analogue of type-quantification, we are able to prove a theorem that this earlier work could not. Finally, we show that SEAR can construct sets that are larger than any finite iteration of the power set operation. This shows that SEAR, unlike HOL, can construct sets beyond V_{ω+ω}.
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Yiming Xu and Michael Norrish. Dependently Sorted Theorem Proving for Mathematical Foundations. In 14th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2023). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 268, pp. 33:1-33:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)

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@InProceedings{xu_et_al:LIPIcs.ITP.2023.33,
  author =	{Xu, Yiming and Norrish, Michael},
  title =	{{Dependently Sorted Theorem Proving for Mathematical Foundations}},
  booktitle =	{14th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2023)},
  pages =	{33:1--33:18},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-284-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{268},
  editor =	{Naumowicz, Adam and Thiemann, Ren\'{e}},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2023.33},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-184085},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2023.33},
  annote =	{Keywords: first order logic, sorts, structural set theory, mechanised mathematics, foundation of mathematics, category theory}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.FSCD.2019.31
Cubical Syntax for Reflection-Free Extensional Equality

Authors: Jonathan Sterling, Carlo Angiuli, and Daniel Gratzer

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 131, 4th International Conference on Formal Structures for Computation and Deduction (FSCD 2019)

Abstract
We contribute XTT, a cubical reconstruction of Observational Type Theory [Altenkirch et al., 2007] which extends Martin-Löf’s intensional type theory with a dependent equality type that enjoys function extensionality and a judgmental version of the unicity of identity proofs principle (UIP): any two elements of the same equality type are judgmentally equal. Moreover, we conjecture that the typing relation can be decided in a practical way. In this paper, we establish an algebraic canonicity theorem using a novel extension of the logical families or categorical gluing argument inspired by Coquand and Shulman [Coquand, 2018; Shulman, 2015]: every closed element of boolean type is derivably equal to either true or false.
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Jonathan Sterling, Carlo Angiuli, and Daniel Gratzer. Cubical Syntax for Reflection-Free Extensional Equality. In 4th International Conference on Formal Structures for Computation and Deduction (FSCD 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 131, pp. 31:1-31:25, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@InProceedings{sterling_et_al:LIPIcs.FSCD.2019.31,
  author =	{Sterling, Jonathan and Angiuli, Carlo and Gratzer, Daniel},
  title =	{{Cubical Syntax for Reflection-Free Extensional Equality}},
  booktitle =	{4th International Conference on Formal Structures for Computation and Deduction (FSCD 2019)},
  pages =	{31:1--31:25},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-107-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{131},
  editor =	{Geuvers, Herman},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSCD.2019.31},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-105387},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.FSCD.2019.31},
  annote =	{Keywords: Dependent type theory, extensional equality, cubical type theory, categorical gluing, canonicity}
}
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