DROPS

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Invited Paper

DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.RW.2024/2025.6

Explaining Reasoning Results for Description Logic Ontologies (Invited Paper)

Authors: Patrick Koopmann

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 138, Joint Proceedings of the 20th and 21st Reasoning Web Summer Schools (RW 2024 & RW 2025)

Abstract

The Web Ontology Language (OWL), grounded in description logics, enables reasoning systems to infer implicit knowledge in a transparent manner. However, the expressivity of description logics and the complexity of large ontologies often results in reasoning outcomes that are hard to understand without additional tool support. Explanations of these outcomes are essential for users to understand ontology content, communicate its structure and behavior effectively, and debug undesired or missing inferences. This chapter provides an overview of the central explanation techniques that have been developed for explaining reasoning with description logic ontologies. Here, we consider both explanations for positive entailments (explaining why something can be deduced), as well as negative entailments (why something cannot be deduced). More specifically, we discuss justifications, proofs and interpolation as a means to explain positive entailments, and abduction for explaining negative entailments, where we also have a closer look at practical algorithms as well as practical and theoretical challenges.

Cite as

Patrick Koopmann. Explaining Reasoning Results for Description Logic Ontologies (Invited Paper). In Joint Proceedings of the 20th and 21st Reasoning Web Summer Schools (RW 2024 & RW 2025). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 138, pp. 6:1-6:29, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{koopmann:OASIcs.RW.2024/2025.6,
  author =	{Koopmann, Patrick},
  title =	{{Explaining Reasoning Results for Description Logic Ontologies}},
  booktitle =	{Joint Proceedings of the 20th and 21st Reasoning Web Summer Schools (RW 2024 \& RW 2025)},
  pages =	{6:1--6:29},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-405-5},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{138},
  editor =	{Artale, Alessandro and Bienvenu, Meghyn and Garc{\'\i}a, Yazm{\'\i}n Ib\'{a}\~{n}ez and Murlak, Filip},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.RW.2024/2025.6},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-250514},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.RW.2024/2025.6},
  annote =	{Keywords: Explanations, Justifications, Proofs, Craig Interpolation, Contrastive Explanations}
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2025.10

An Isabelle/HOL Formalization of Semi-Thue and Conditional Semi-Thue Systems

Authors: Dohan Kim

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 352, 16th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2025)

Abstract

We present a formalized framework for semi-Thue and conditional semi-Thue systems for studying monoids and their word problem using the Isabelle/HOL proof assistant. We provide a formalized decision procedure for the word problem of monoids if they are finitely presented by complete semi-Thue systems. In particular, we present a new formalized method for checking confluence using (conditional) critical pairs for certain conditional semi-Thue systems. We propose and formalize an inference system for generating conditional equational theories and Thue congruences using conditional semi-Thue systems. Then we provide a new formalized decision procedure for the word problem of monoids which have finite complete (reductive) conditional presentations.

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Dohan Kim. An Isabelle/HOL Formalization of Semi-Thue and Conditional Semi-Thue Systems. In 16th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 352, pp. 10:1-10:20, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{kim:LIPIcs.ITP.2025.10,
  author =	{Kim, Dohan},
  title =	{{An Isabelle/HOL Formalization of Semi-Thue and Conditional Semi-Thue Systems}},
  booktitle =	{16th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP 2025)},
  pages =	{10:1--10:20},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-396-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{352},
  editor =	{Forster, Yannick and Keller, Chantal},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2025.10},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-246081},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITP.2025.10},
  annote =	{Keywords: semi-Thue systems, conditional semi-Thue systems, conditional string rewriting, monoids, word problem}
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2025.76

Deciding Termination of Simple Randomized Loops

Authors: Éléanore Meyer and Jürgen Giesl

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 345, 50th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2025)

Abstract

We show that universal positive almost sure termination (UPAST) is decidable for a class of simple randomized programs, i.e., it is decidable whether the expected runtime of such a program is finite for all inputs. Our class contains all programs that consist of a single loop, with a linear loop guard and a loop body composed of two linear commuting and diagonalizable updates. In each iteration of the loop, the update to be carried out is picked at random, according to a fixed probability. We show the decidability of UPAST for this class of programs, where the program’s variables and inputs may range over various sub-semirings of the real numbers. In this way, we extend a line of research initiated by Tiwari in 2004 into the realm of randomized programs.

Cite as

Éléanore Meyer and Jürgen Giesl. Deciding Termination of Simple Randomized Loops. In 50th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 345, pp. 76:1-76:19, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{meyer_et_al:LIPIcs.MFCS.2025.76,
  author =	{Meyer, \'{E}l\'{e}anore and Giesl, J\"{u}rgen},
  title =	{{Deciding Termination of Simple Randomized Loops}},
  booktitle =	{50th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2025)},
  pages =	{76:1--76:19},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-388-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{345},
  editor =	{Gawrychowski, Pawe{\l} and Mazowiecki, Filip and Skrzypczak, Micha{\l}},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2025.76},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-241833},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2025.76},
  annote =	{Keywords: decision procedures, randomized programs, linear loops, positive almost sure termination}
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.SAT.2025.11

Better Extension Variables in DQBF via Independence

Authors: Leroy Chew and Tomáš Peitl

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 341, 28th International Conference on Theory and Applications of Satisfiability Testing (SAT 2025)

Abstract

We show that extension variables in (D)QBF can be generalised by conditioning on universal assignments. The benefit of this is that the dependency sets of such conditioned extension variables can be made smaller to allow easier refutations. This simple modification instantly solves many challenges in p-simulating the QBF expansion rule, which cannot be p-simulated in proof systems that have strategy extraction [Leroy Chew and Judith Clymo, 2020]. Simulating expansion is even more crucial in DQBF, where other methods are incomplete. In this paper we provide an overview of the strength of this new independent extension rule. We find that a new version of Extended Frege called IndExtFrege + ∀red can p-simulate a multitude of difficult QBF and DQBF techniques, even techniques that are difficult to approach with eFrege + ∀red. We show five p-simulations, that IndExtFrege + ∀red p-simulates QRAT, DQBF-IR-calc, IR(𝒟^rrs)-calc, Fork-Resolution and DQRAT which together underpin most DQBF solving and preprocessing techniques. The p-simulations work despite these systems using complicated rules and our new extension rule being relatively simple. Moreover, unlike recent p-simulations by eFrege + ∀red we can simulate the proof rules line by line, which allows us to mix QBF rules more easily with other inference steps.

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Leroy Chew and Tomáš Peitl. Better Extension Variables in DQBF via Independence. In 28th International Conference on Theory and Applications of Satisfiability Testing (SAT 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 341, pp. 11:1-11:24, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{chew_et_al:LIPIcs.SAT.2025.11,
  author =	{Chew, Leroy and Peitl, Tom\'{a}\v{s}},
  title =	{{Better Extension Variables in DQBF via Independence}},
  booktitle =	{28th International Conference on Theory and Applications of Satisfiability Testing (SAT 2025)},
  pages =	{11:1--11:24},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-381-2},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{341},
  editor =	{Berg, Jeremias and Nordstr\"{o}m, Jakob},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.SAT.2025.11},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-237453},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.SAT.2025.11},
  annote =	{Keywords: DQBF, QBF, Proof Systems, Dependency Schemes, RAT, Extended Frege, Skolem functions}
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/LITES.8.2.1

Safety Verification of Networked Control Systems by Complex Zonotopes

Authors: Arvind Adimoolam and Thao Dang

Published in: LITES, Volume 8, Issue 2 (2022): Special Issue on Distributed Hybrid Systems. Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems, Volume 8, Issue 2

Abstract

Networked control systems (NCS) are widely used in real world applications because of their advantages, such as remote operability and reduced installation costs. However, they are prone to various inaccuracies in execution like delays, packet dropouts, inaccurate sensing and quantization errors. To ensure safety of NCS, their models have to be verified under the consideration of aforementioned uncertainties. In this paper, we tackle the problem of verifying safety of models of NCS under uncertain sampling time, inaccurate output measurement or estimation, and unknown disturbance input. Unbounded-time safety verification requires approximation of reachable sets by invariants, whose computation involves set operations. For uncertain linear dynamics, two important set operations for invariant computation are linear transformation and Minkowski sum operations. Zonotopes have the advantage that linear transformation and Minkowski sum operations can be efficiently approximated. However, they can not encode directions of convergence of trajectories along complex eigenvectors, which is closely related to encoding invariants. Therefore, we extend zonotopes to the complex valued domain by a representation called complex zonotope, which can capture contraction along complex eigenvectors for determining invariants. We prove a related mathematical result that in case of accurate feedback sampling, a complex zonotope will represent an invariant for a stable NCS. In addition, we propose an algorithm to verify the general case based on complex zonotopes, when there is uncertainty in sampling time and in input. We demonstrate the efficiency of our algorithm on benchmark examples and compare it with a state-of-the-art verification tool.

Cite as

Arvind Adimoolam and Thao Dang. Safety Verification of Networked Control Systems by Complex Zonotopes. In LITES, Volume 8, Issue 2 (2022): Special Issue on Distributed Hybrid Systems. Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems, Volume 8, Issue 2, pp. 01:1-01:22, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)

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@Article{adimoolam_et_al:LITES.8.2.1,
  author =	{Adimoolam, Arvind and Dang, Thao},
  title =	{{Safety Verification of Networked Control Systems by Complex Zonotopes}},
  journal =	{Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems},
  pages =	{01:1--01:22},
  ISSN =	{2199-2002},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{8},
  number =	{2},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LITES.8.2.1},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-192934},
  doi =		{10.4230/LITES.8.2.1},
  annote =	{Keywords: Safety Verification, Networked Control System, Reachability Analysis, Complex Zonotope}
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.FSCD.2021.15

A Modular Associative Commutative (AC) Congruence Closure Algorithm

Authors: Deepak Kapur

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 195, 6th International Conference on Formal Structures for Computation and Deduction (FSCD 2021)

Abstract

Algorithms for computing congruence closure of ground equations over uninterpreted symbols and interpreted symbols satisfying associativity and commutativity (AC) properties are proposed. The algorithms are based on a framework for computing the congruence closure by abstracting nonflat terms by constants as proposed first in Kapur’s congruence closure algorithm (RTA97). The framework is general, flexible, and has been extended also to develop congruence closure algorithms for the cases when associative-commutative function symbols can have additional properties including idempotency, nilpotency and/or have identities, as well as their various combinations. The algorithms are modular; their correctness and termination proofs are simple, exploiting modularity. Unlike earlier algorithms, the proposed algorithms neither rely on complex AC compatible well-founded orderings on nonvariable terms nor need to use the associative-commutative unification and extension rules in completion for generating canonical rewrite systems for congruence closures. They are particularly suited for integrating into Satisfiability modulo Theories (SMT) solvers.

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Deepak Kapur. A Modular Associative Commutative (AC) Congruence Closure Algorithm. In 6th International Conference on Formal Structures for Computation and Deduction (FSCD 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 195, pp. 15:1-15:21, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)

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@InProceedings{kapur:LIPIcs.FSCD.2021.15,
  author =	{Kapur, Deepak},
  title =	{{A Modular Associative Commutative (AC) Congruence Closure Algorithm}},
  booktitle =	{6th International Conference on Formal Structures for Computation and Deduction (FSCD 2021)},
  pages =	{15:1--15:21},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-191-7},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{195},
  editor =	{Kobayashi, Naoki},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSCD.2021.15},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-142530},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.FSCD.2021.15},
  annote =	{Keywords: Congruence Closure, Associative and Commutative, Word Problems, Finitely Presented Algebras, Equational Theories}
}

Document

Invited Talk

DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.FSCD.2019.3

Extending Maximal Completion (Invited Talk)

Authors: Sarah Winkler

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 131, 4th International Conference on Formal Structures for Computation and Deduction (FSCD 2019)

Abstract

Maximal completion (Klein and Hirokawa 2011) is an elegantly simple yet powerful variant of Knuth-Bendix completion. This paper extends the approach to ordered completion and theorem proving as well as normalized completion. An implementation of the different procedures is described, and its practicality is demonstrated by various examples.

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Sarah Winkler. Extending Maximal Completion (Invited Talk). In 4th International Conference on Formal Structures for Computation and Deduction (FSCD 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 131, pp. 3:1-3:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@InProceedings{winkler:LIPIcs.FSCD.2019.3,
  author =	{Winkler, Sarah},
  title =	{{Extending Maximal Completion}},
  booktitle =	{4th International Conference on Formal Structures for Computation and Deduction (FSCD 2019)},
  pages =	{3:1--3:15},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-107-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{131},
  editor =	{Geuvers, Herman},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSCD.2019.3},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-105102},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.FSCD.2019.3},
  annote =	{Keywords: automated reasoning, completion, theorem proving}
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.RTA.2011.41

Termination Analysis of C Programs Using Compiler Intermediate Languages

Authors: Stephan Falke, Deepak Kapur, and Carsten Sinz

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 10, 22nd International Conference on Rewriting Techniques and Applications (RTA'11) (2011)

Abstract

Modeling the semantics of programming languages like C for the automated termination analysis of programs is a challenge if complete coverage of all language features should be achieved. On the other hand, low-level intermediate languages that occur during the compilation of C programs to machine code have a much simpler semantics since most of the intricacies of C are taken care of by the compiler frontend. It is thus a promising approach to use these intermediate languages for the automated termination analysis of C programs. In this paper we present the tool KITTeL based on this approach. For this, programs in the compiler intermediate language are translated into term rewrite systems (TRSs), and the termination proof itself is then performed on the automatically generated TRS. An evaluation on a large collection of C programs shows the effectiveness and practicality of KITTeL on "typical" examples.

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Stephan Falke, Deepak Kapur, and Carsten Sinz. Termination Analysis of C Programs Using Compiler Intermediate Languages. In 22nd International Conference on Rewriting Techniques and Applications (RTA'11). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 10, pp. 41-50, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2011)

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@InProceedings{falke_et_al:LIPIcs.RTA.2011.41,
  author =	{Falke, Stephan and Kapur, Deepak and Sinz, Carsten},
  title =	{{Termination Analysis of C Programs Using Compiler Intermediate Languages}},
  booktitle =	{22nd International Conference on Rewriting Techniques and Applications (RTA'11)},
  pages =	{41--50},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-30-9},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2011},
  volume =	{10},
  editor =	{Schmidt-Schauss, Manfred},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.RTA.2011.41},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-31232},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.RTA.2011.41},
  annote =	{Keywords: termination analysis; C programs; compiler intermediate languages}
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.05431.3

Automatically Generating Loop Invariants Using Quantifier Elimination

Authors: Deepak Kapur

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 5431, Deduction and Applications (2006)

Abstract

An approach for automatically generating loop invariants using quantifier-elimination is proposed. An invariant of a loop is hypothesized as a parameterized formula. Parameters in the invariant are discovered by generating constraints on the parameters by ensuring that the formula is indeed preserved by the execution path corresponding to every basic cycle of the loop. The parameterized formula can be successively refined by considering execution paths one by one; heuristics can be developed for determining the order in which the paths are considered. Initialization of program variables as well as the precondition and postcondition of the loop, if available, can also be used to further refine the hypothesized invariant. Constraints on parameters generated in this way are solved for possible values of parameters. If no solution is possible, this means that an invariant of the hypothesized form does not exist for the loop. Otherwise, if the parametric constraints are solvable, then under certain conditions on methods for generating these constraints, the strongest possible invariant of the hypothesized form can be generated from most general solutions of the parametric constraints. The approach is illustrated using the first-order theory of polynomial equations as well as Presburger arithmetic.

Cite as

Deepak Kapur. Automatically Generating Loop Invariants Using Quantifier Elimination. In Deduction and Applications. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 5431, pp. 1-17, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2006)

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@InProceedings{kapur:DagSemProc.05431.3,
  author =	{Kapur, Deepak},
  title =	{{Automatically Generating Loop Invariants Using Quantifier Elimination}},
  booktitle =	{Deduction and Applications},
  pages =	{1--17},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2006},
  volume =	{5431},
  editor =	{Franz Baader and Peter Baumgartner and Robert Nieuwenhuis and Andrei Voronkov},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.05431.3},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-5116},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.05431.3},
  annote =	{Keywords: Program verification, loop invariants, inductive assertions, quantifier elimination}
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/DagSemRep.376

Deduction and Infinite-state Model Checking (Dagstuhl Seminar 03171)

Authors: Deepak Kapur, Andreas Podelski, and Andrei Voronkov

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Reports. Dagstuhl Seminar Reports, Volume 1 (2021)

Abstract

Cite as

Deepak Kapur, Andreas Podelski, and Andrei Voronkov. Deduction and Infinite-state Model Checking (Dagstuhl Seminar 03171). Dagstuhl Seminar Report 376, pp. 1-5, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2003)

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@TechReport{kapur_et_al:DagSemRep.376,
  author =	{Kapur, Deepak and Podelski, Andreas and Voronkov, Andrei},
  title =	{{Deduction and Infinite-state Model Checking (Dagstuhl Seminar 03171)}},
  pages =	{1--5},
  ISSN =	{1619-0203},
  year =	{2003},
  type = 	{Dagstuhl Seminar Report},
  number =	{376},
  institution =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemRep.376},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-152564},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemRep.376},
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/DagSemRep.300

Deduction (Dagstuhl Seminar 01101)

Authors: Ulrich Furbach, Harald Ganzinger, Ryuzo Hasegawa, and Deepak Kapur

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Reports. Dagstuhl Seminar Reports, Volume 1 (2021)

Abstract

Cite as

Ulrich Furbach, Harald Ganzinger, Ryuzo Hasegawa, and Deepak Kapur. Deduction (Dagstuhl Seminar 01101). Dagstuhl Seminar Report 300, pp. 1-27, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2001)

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@TechReport{furbach_et_al:DagSemRep.300,
  author =	{Furbach, Ulrich and Ganzinger, Harald and Hasegawa, Ryuzo and Kapur, Deepak},
  title =	{{Deduction (Dagstuhl Seminar 01101)}},
  pages =	{1--27},
  ISSN =	{1619-0203},
  year =	{2001},
  type = 	{Dagstuhl Seminar Report},
  number =	{300},
  institution =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemRep.300},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-151843},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemRep.300},
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/DagSemRep.232

Deduction (Dagstuhl Seminar 99091)

Authors: Ulrich Furbach, Harald Ganzinger, Ryuzo Hasegawa, and Deepak Kapur

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Reports. Dagstuhl Seminar Reports, Volume 1 (2021)

Abstract

Cite as

Ulrich Furbach, Harald Ganzinger, Ryuzo Hasegawa, and Deepak Kapur. Deduction (Dagstuhl Seminar 99091). Dagstuhl Seminar Report 232, pp. 1-24, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2000)

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@TechReport{furbach_et_al:DagSemRep.232,
  author =	{Furbach, Ulrich and Ganzinger, Harald and Hasegawa, Ryuzo and Kapur, Deepak},
  title =	{{Deduction (Dagstuhl Seminar 99091)}},
  pages =	{1--24},
  ISSN =	{1619-0203},
  year =	{2000},
  type = 	{Dagstuhl Seminar Report},
  number =	{232},
  institution =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemRep.232},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-151182},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemRep.232},
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/DagSemRep.122

Automation of Proof by Mathematical Induction (Dagstuhl Seminar 9530)

Authors: Alan Bundy, Robert S. Boyer, Deepak Kapur, and Christoph Walther

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Reports. Dagstuhl Seminar Reports, Volume 1 (2021)

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Cite as

Alan Bundy, Robert S. Boyer, Deepak Kapur, and Christoph Walther. Automation of Proof by Mathematical Induction (Dagstuhl Seminar 9530). Dagstuhl Seminar Report 122, pp. 1-40, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (1996)

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@TechReport{bundy_et_al:DagSemRep.122,
  author =	{Bundy, Alan and Boyer, Robert S. and Kapur, Deepak and Walther, Christoph},
  title =	{{Automation of Proof by Mathematical Induction (Dagstuhl Seminar 9530)}},
  pages =	{1--40},
  ISSN =	{1619-0203},
  year =	{1996},
  type = 	{Dagstuhl Seminar Report},
  number =	{122},
  institution =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemRep.122},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-150107},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemRep.122},
}

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