8 Search Results for "Bergold, Helena"


Document
Characterizing and Recognizing Twistedness

Authors: Oswin Aichholzer, Alfredo García, Javier Tejel, Birgit Vogtenhuber, and Alexandra Weinberger

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 357, 33rd International Symposium on Graph Drawing and Network Visualization (GD 2025)


Abstract
In a simple drawing of a graph, any two edges intersect in at most one point (either a common endpoint or a proper crossing). A simple drawing is generalized twisted if it fulfills certain rather specific constraints on how the edges are drawn. An abstract rotation system of a graph assigns to each vertex a cyclic order of its incident edges. A realizable rotation system is one that admits a simple drawing such that at each vertex, the edges emanate in that cyclic order, and a generalized twisted rotation system can be realized as a generalized twisted drawing. Generalized twisted drawings have initially been introduced to obtain improved bounds on the size of plane substructures in any simple drawing of K_n. They have since gained independent interest due to their surprising properties. However, the definition of generalized twisted drawings is very geometric and drawing-specific. In this paper, we develop characterizations of generalized twisted drawings that enable a purely combinatorial view on these drawings and lead to efficient recognition algorithms. Concretely, we show that for any n ≥ 7, an abstract rotation system of K_n is generalized twisted if and only if all subrotation systems induced by five vertices are generalized twisted. This implies a drawing-independent and concise characterization of generalized twistedness. Besides, the result yields a simple O(n⁵)-time algorithm to decide whether an abstract rotation system is generalized twisted and sheds new light on the structural features of simple drawings. We further develop a characterization via the rotations of a pair of vertices in a drawing, which we then use to derive an O(n²)-time algorithm to decide whether a realizable rotation system is generalized twisted.

Cite as

Oswin Aichholzer, Alfredo García, Javier Tejel, Birgit Vogtenhuber, and Alexandra Weinberger. Characterizing and Recognizing Twistedness. In 33rd International Symposium on Graph Drawing and Network Visualization (GD 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 357, pp. 25:1-25:17, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)


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@InProceedings{aichholzer_et_al:LIPIcs.GD.2025.25,
  author =	{Aichholzer, Oswin and Garc{\'\i}a, Alfredo and Tejel, Javier and Vogtenhuber, Birgit and Weinberger, Alexandra},
  title =	{{Characterizing and Recognizing Twistedness}},
  booktitle =	{33rd International Symposium on Graph Drawing and Network Visualization (GD 2025)},
  pages =	{25:1--25:17},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-403-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{357},
  editor =	{Dujmovi\'{c}, Vida and Montecchiani, Fabrizio},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.GD.2025.25},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-250116},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.GD.2025.25},
  annote =	{Keywords: generalized twisted drawings, simple drawings, rotation systems, recognition, combinatorial characterization, efficient algorithms}
}
Document
Isometric-Universal Graphs for Trees

Authors: Edgar Baucher, François Dross, and Cyril Gavoille

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 345, 50th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2025)


Abstract
We consider the problem of finding the smallest graph that contains two input trees each with at most n vertices preserving their distances. In other words, we look for an isometric-universal graph with the minimum number of vertices for two given trees. We prove that this problem can be solved in time O(n^{5/2}log{n}). We extend this result to forests instead of trees, and propose an algorithm with running time O(n^{7/2}log{n}). As a key ingredient, we show that a smallest isometric-universal graph of two trees essentially is a tree. Furthermore, we prove that these results cannot be extended. Firstly, we show that deciding whether there exists an isometric-universal graph with t vertices for three forests is NP-complete. Secondly, we show that any smallest isometric-universal graph cannot be a tree for some families of three trees. This latter result has implications for greedy strategies solving the smallest isometric-universal graph problem.

Cite as

Edgar Baucher, François Dross, and Cyril Gavoille. Isometric-Universal Graphs for Trees. In 50th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 345, pp. 16:1-16:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)


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@InProceedings{baucher_et_al:LIPIcs.MFCS.2025.16,
  author =	{Baucher, Edgar and Dross, Fran\c{c}ois and Gavoille, Cyril},
  title =	{{Isometric-Universal Graphs for Trees}},
  booktitle =	{50th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2025)},
  pages =	{16:1--16:16},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-388-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{345},
  editor =	{Gawrychowski, Pawe{\l} and Mazowiecki, Filip and Skrzypczak, Micha{\l}},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2025.16},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-241237},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2025.16},
  annote =	{Keywords: tree, forest, isometric subgraph, universal graph, distance-preserving}
}
Document
Signotopes with Few Plus Signs

Authors: Helena Bergold, Lukas Egeling, and Hung P. Hoang

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 332, 41st International Symposium on Computational Geometry (SoCG 2025)


Abstract
Arrangements of pseudohyperplanes are widely studied in computational geometry. A rich subclass of pseudohyerplane arrangements, which has gained more attention in recent years, is the so-called signotopes. Introduced by Manin and Schechtman (1989), the higher Bruhat order is a natural order of r-signotopes on n elements, with the signotope corresponding to the cyclic arrangement as the minimal element. In this paper, we show that the lower (and by symmetry upper) levels of this higher Bruhat order contain the same number of elements for a fixed difference n-r. This result implies that given the difference d = n-r and p, the number of one-element extensions of the cyclic arrangement of n hyperplanes in ℝ^d with at most p points on one side of the extending pseudohyperplane does not depend on n, as long as n ≥ d + p.

Cite as

Helena Bergold, Lukas Egeling, and Hung P. Hoang. Signotopes with Few Plus Signs. In 41st International Symposium on Computational Geometry (SoCG 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 332, pp. 16:1-16:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)


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@InProceedings{bergold_et_al:LIPIcs.SoCG.2025.16,
  author =	{Bergold, Helena and Egeling, Lukas and Hoang, Hung P.},
  title =	{{Signotopes with Few Plus Signs}},
  booktitle =	{41st International Symposium on Computational Geometry (SoCG 2025)},
  pages =	{16:1--16:14},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-370-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{332},
  editor =	{Aichholzer, Oswin and Wang, Haitao},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.SoCG.2025.16},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-231681},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.SoCG.2025.16},
  annote =	{Keywords: flip graph, higher Bruhat order, signotope, counting, Ferrers diagram, one-element extension}
}
Document
Unfairly Splitting Separable Necklaces

Authors: Patrick Schnider, Linus Stalder, and Simon Weber

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 327, 42nd International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2025)


Abstract
The Necklace Splitting problem is a classical problem in combinatorics that has been intensively studied both from a combinatorial and a computational point of view. It is well-known that the Necklace Splitting problem reduces to the discrete Ham Sandwich problem. This reduction was crucial in the proof of PPA-completeness of the Ham Sandwich problem. Recently, Borzechowski, Schnider and Weber [ISAAC'23] introduced a variant of Necklace Splitting that similarly reduces to the α-Ham Sandwich problem, which lies in the complexity class UEOPL but is not known to be complete. To make this reduction work, the input necklace is guaranteed to be n-separable. They showed that these necklaces can be fairly split in polynomial time and thus this subproblem cannot be used to prove UEOPL-hardness for α-Ham Sandwich. We consider the more general unfair necklace splitting problem on n-separable necklaces, i.e., the problem of splitting these necklaces such that each thief gets a desired fraction of each type of jewels. This more general problem is the natural necklace-splitting-type version of α-Ham Sandwich, and its complexity status is one of the main open questions posed by Borzechowski, Schnider and Weber. We show that the unfair splitting problem is also polynomial-time solvable, and can thus also not be used to show UEOPL-hardness for α-Ham Sandwich.

Cite as

Patrick Schnider, Linus Stalder, and Simon Weber. Unfairly Splitting Separable Necklaces. In 42nd International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 327, pp. 71:1-71:19, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)


Copy BibTex To Clipboard

@InProceedings{schnider_et_al:LIPIcs.STACS.2025.71,
  author =	{Schnider, Patrick and Stalder, Linus and Weber, Simon},
  title =	{{Unfairly Splitting Separable Necklaces}},
  booktitle =	{42nd International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2025)},
  pages =	{71:1--71:19},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-365-2},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{327},
  editor =	{Beyersdorff, Olaf and Pilipczuk, Micha{\l} and Pimentel, Elaine and Thắng, Nguy\~{ê}n Kim},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2025.71},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-228963},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2025.71},
  annote =	{Keywords: Necklace splitting, n-separability, well-separation, Ham Sandwich, alpha-Ham Sandwich, unfair splitting, fair division}
}
Document
Holes in Convex and Simple Drawings

Authors: Helena Bergold, Joachim Orthaber, Manfred Scheucher, and Felix Schröder

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 320, 32nd International Symposium on Graph Drawing and Network Visualization (GD 2024)


Abstract
Gons and holes in point sets have been extensively studied in the literature. For simple drawings of the complete graph a generalization of the Erdős-Szekeres theorem is known and empty triangles have been investigated. We introduce a notion of k-holes for simple drawings and study their existence with respect to the convexity hierarchy. We present a family of simple drawings without 4-holes and prove a generalization of Gerken’s empty hexagon theorem for convex drawings. A crucial intermediate step will be the structural investigation of pseudolinear subdrawings in convex drawings.

Cite as

Helena Bergold, Joachim Orthaber, Manfred Scheucher, and Felix Schröder. Holes in Convex and Simple Drawings. In 32nd International Symposium on Graph Drawing and Network Visualization (GD 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 320, pp. 5:1-5:9, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)


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@InProceedings{bergold_et_al:LIPIcs.GD.2024.5,
  author =	{Bergold, Helena and Orthaber, Joachim and Scheucher, Manfred and Schr\"{o}der, Felix},
  title =	{{Holes in Convex and Simple Drawings}},
  booktitle =	{32nd International Symposium on Graph Drawing and Network Visualization (GD 2024)},
  pages =	{5:1--5:9},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-343-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{320},
  editor =	{Felsner, Stefan and Klein, Karsten},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.GD.2024.5},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-212895},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.GD.2024.5},
  annote =	{Keywords: simple topological graph, convexity hierarchy, k-gon, k-hole, empty k-cycle, Erd\H{o}s-Szekeres theorem, Empty Hexagon theorem, planar point set, pseudolinear drawing}
}
Document
Plane Hamiltonian Cycles in Convex Drawings

Authors: Helena Bergold, Stefan Felsner, Meghana M. Reddy, Joachim Orthaber, and Manfred Scheucher

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 293, 40th International Symposium on Computational Geometry (SoCG 2024)


Abstract
A conjecture by Rafla from 1988 asserts that every simple drawing of the complete graph K_n admits a plane Hamiltonian cycle. It turned out that already the existence of much simpler non-crossing substructures in such drawings is hard to prove. Recent progress was made by Aichholzer et al. and by Suk and Zeng who proved the existence of a plane path of length Ω(log n / log log n) and of a plane matching of size Ω(n^{1/2}) in every simple drawing of K_n. Instead of studying simpler substructures, we prove Rafla’s conjecture for the subclass of convex drawings, the most general class in the convexity hierarchy introduced by Arroyo et al. Moreover, we show that every convex drawing of K_n contains a plane Hamiltonian path between each pair of vertices (Hamiltonian connectivity) and a plane k-cycle for each 3 ≤ k ≤ n (pancyclicity), and present further results on maximal plane subdrawings.

Cite as

Helena Bergold, Stefan Felsner, Meghana M. Reddy, Joachim Orthaber, and Manfred Scheucher. Plane Hamiltonian Cycles in Convex Drawings. In 40th International Symposium on Computational Geometry (SoCG 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 293, pp. 18:1-18:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)


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@InProceedings{bergold_et_al:LIPIcs.SoCG.2024.18,
  author =	{Bergold, Helena and Felsner, Stefan and M. Reddy, Meghana and Orthaber, Joachim and Scheucher, Manfred},
  title =	{{Plane Hamiltonian Cycles in Convex Drawings}},
  booktitle =	{40th International Symposium on Computational Geometry (SoCG 2024)},
  pages =	{18:1--18:16},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-316-4},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{293},
  editor =	{Mulzer, Wolfgang and Phillips, Jeff M.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.SoCG.2024.18},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-199630},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.SoCG.2024.18},
  annote =	{Keywords: simple drawing, convexity hierarchy, plane pancyclicity, plane Hamiltonian connectivity, maximal plane subdrawing}
}
Document
An Extension Theorem for Signotopes

Authors: Helena Bergold, Stefan Felsner, and Manfred Scheucher

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 258, 39th International Symposium on Computational Geometry (SoCG 2023)


Abstract
In 1926, Levi showed that, for every pseudoline arrangement 𝒜 and two points in the plane, 𝒜 can be extended by a pseudoline which contains the two prescribed points. Later extendability was studied for arrangements of pseudohyperplanes in higher dimensions. While the extendability of an arrangement of proper hyperplanes in ℝ^d with a hyperplane containing d prescribed points is trivial, Richter-Gebert found an arrangement of pseudoplanes in ℝ³ which cannot be extended with a pseudoplane containing two particular prescribed points. In this article, we investigate the extendability of signotopes, which are a combinatorial structure encoding a rich subclass of pseudohyperplane arrangements. Our main result is that signotopes of odd rank are extendable in the sense that for two prescribed crossing points we can add an element containing them. Moreover, we conjecture that in all even ranks r ≥ 4 there exist signotopes which are not extendable for two prescribed points. Our conjecture is supported by examples in ranks 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 that were found with a SAT based approach.

Cite as

Helena Bergold, Stefan Felsner, and Manfred Scheucher. An Extension Theorem for Signotopes. In 39th International Symposium on Computational Geometry (SoCG 2023). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 258, pp. 17:1-17:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)


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@InProceedings{bergold_et_al:LIPIcs.SoCG.2023.17,
  author =	{Bergold, Helena and Felsner, Stefan and Scheucher, Manfred},
  title =	{{An Extension Theorem for Signotopes}},
  booktitle =	{39th International Symposium on Computational Geometry (SoCG 2023)},
  pages =	{17:1--17:14},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-273-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{258},
  editor =	{Chambers, Erin W. and Gudmundsson, Joachim},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.SoCG.2023.17},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-178676},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.SoCG.2023.17},
  annote =	{Keywords: arrangement of pseudolines, extendability, Levi’s extension lemma, arrangement of pseudohyperplanes, signotope, oriented matroid, partial order, Boolean satisfiability (SAT)}
}
Document
Well-Separation and Hyperplane Transversals in High Dimensions

Authors: Helena Bergold, Daniel Bertschinger, Nicolas Grelier, Wolfgang Mulzer, and Patrick Schnider

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 227, 18th Scandinavian Symposium and Workshops on Algorithm Theory (SWAT 2022)


Abstract
A family of k point sets in d dimensions is well-separated if the convex hulls of any two disjoint subfamilies can be separated by a hyperplane. Well-separation is a strong assumption that allows us to conclude that certain kinds of generalized ham-sandwich cuts for the point sets exist. But how hard is it to check if a given family of high-dimensional point sets has this property? Starting from this question, we study several algorithmic aspects of the existence of transversals and separations in high-dimensions. First, we give an explicit proof that k point sets are well-separated if and only if their convex hulls admit no (k - 2)-transversal, i.e., if there exists no (k - 2)-dimensional flat that intersects the convex hulls of all k sets. It follows that the task of checking well-separation lies in the complexity class coNP. Next, we show that it is NP-hard to decide whether there is a hyperplane-transversal (that is, a (d - 1)-transversal) of a family of d + 1 line segments in ℝ^d, where d is part of the input. As a consequence, it follows that the general problem of testing well-separation is coNP-complete. Furthermore, we show that finding a hyperplane that maximizes the number of intersected sets is NP-hard, but allows for an Ω((log k)/(k log log k))-approximation algorithm that is polynomial in d and k, when each set consists of a single point. When all point sets are finite, we show that checking whether there exists a (k - 2)-transversal is in fact strongly NP-complete. Finally, we take the viewpoint of parametrized complexity, using the dimension d as a parameter: given k convex sets in ℝ^d, checking whether there is a (k-2)-transversal is FPT with respect to d. On the other hand, for k ≥ d+1 finite point sets in ℝ^d, it turns out that checking whether there is a (d-1)-transversal is W[1]-hard with respect to d.

Cite as

Helena Bergold, Daniel Bertschinger, Nicolas Grelier, Wolfgang Mulzer, and Patrick Schnider. Well-Separation and Hyperplane Transversals in High Dimensions. In 18th Scandinavian Symposium and Workshops on Algorithm Theory (SWAT 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 227, pp. 16:1-16:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)


Copy BibTex To Clipboard

@InProceedings{bergold_et_al:LIPIcs.SWAT.2022.16,
  author =	{Bergold, Helena and Bertschinger, Daniel and Grelier, Nicolas and Mulzer, Wolfgang and Schnider, Patrick},
  title =	{{Well-Separation and Hyperplane Transversals in High Dimensions}},
  booktitle =	{18th Scandinavian Symposium and Workshops on Algorithm Theory (SWAT 2022)},
  pages =	{16:1--16:14},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-236-5},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{227},
  editor =	{Czumaj, Artur and Xin, Qin},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.SWAT.2022.16},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-161766},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.SWAT.2022.16},
  annote =	{Keywords: hyperplane transversal, high-dimension, hardness}
}
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