Issue
Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 15, Issue 2
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Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 15
Journal: Dagstuhl Reports (DagRep)
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Dagstuhl Seminars 25061, 25062, 25071, 25072, 25081, 25082, 25091, 25092Publication Details
- published at: 2025-10-06
- Publisher: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
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Complete Issue
Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 15, Issue 2, February 2025, Complete Issue
Abstract
Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 15, Issue 2, February 2025, Complete Issue
Cite as
Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 15, Issue 2, pp. 1-185, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)
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@Article{DagRep.15.2,
title = {{Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 15, Issue 2, February 2025, Complete Issue}},
pages = {1--185},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2025},
volume = {15},
number = {2},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.15.2},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-248843},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.15.2},
annote = {Keywords: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 15, Issue 2, February 2025, Complete Issue}
}
Document
Front Matter
Dagstuhl Reports, Table of Contents, Volume 15, Issue 2, 2025
Abstract
Dagstuhl Reports, Table of Contents, Volume 15, Issue 2, 2025
Cite as
Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 15, Issue 2, pp. i-ii, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)
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@Article{DagRep.15.2.i,
title = {{Dagstuhl Reports, Table of Contents, Volume 15, Issue 2, 2025}},
pages = {i--ii},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2025},
volume = {15},
number = {2},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.15.2.i},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-230852},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.15.2.i},
annote = {Keywords: Table of Contents, Frontmatter}
}
Document
Logic and Neural Networks (Dagstuhl Seminar 25061)
Abstract
Logic and learning are central to Computer Science, and in particular to AI-related research. Already Alan Turing envisioned in his 1950 "Computing Machinery and Intelligence" paper a combination of statistical (ab initio) machine learning and an "unemotional" symbolic language such as logic. The combination of logic and learning has received new impetus from the spectacular success of deep learning systems.
This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 25061 "Logic and Neural Networks". The goal of this Dagstuhl Seminar was to bring together researchers from various communities related to utilizing logical constraints in deep learning and to create bridges between them via the exchange of ideas. The seminar focused on a set of interrelated topics: enforcement of constraints on neural networks, verifying logical constraints on neural networks, training using logic to supplement traditional supervision, and explanation and approximation via logic. This Dagstuhl Seminar aimed not at studying these areas as separate components, but in exploring common techniques among them as well as connections to other communities in machine learning that share the same broad goals.
The seminar format consisted of long and short talks, as well as breakout sessions. We summarize the motivations and proceedings of the seminar, and report on the abstracts of the talks and the results of the breakout sessions.
Cite as
Vaishak Belle, Michael Benedikt, Dana Drachsler-Cohen, Daniel Neider, and Tom Yuviler. Logic and Neural Networks (Dagstuhl Seminar 25061). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 15, Issue 2, pp. 1-20, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)
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@Article{belle_et_al:DagRep.15.2.1,
author = {Belle, Vaishak and Benedikt, Michael and Drachsler-Cohen, Dana and Neider, Daniel and Yuviler, Tom},
title = {{Logic and Neural Networks (Dagstuhl Seminar 25061)}},
pages = {1--20},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2025},
volume = {15},
number = {2},
editor = {Belle, Vaishak and Benedikt, Michael and Drachsler-Cohen, Dana and Neider, Daniel and Yuviler, Tom},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.15.2.1},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-230939},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.15.2.1},
annote = {Keywords: machine learning, learning theory, logic, computational complexity, databases, verification, safety}
}
Document
Extended Reality for the Operating Room (XR4OR) (Dagstuhl Seminar 25062)
Abstract
This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 25062 "Extended Reality for the Operating Room (XR4OR)".
Cite as
Peter Haddawy, Anja Hennemuth, Ron Kikinis, Gabriel Zachmann, Mario Lorenz, and Anke Reinschlüssel. Extended Reality for the Operating Room (XR4OR) (Dagstuhl Seminar 25062). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 15, Issue 2, pp. 21-40, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)
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@Article{haddawy_et_al:DagRep.15.2.21,
author = {Haddawy, Peter and Hennemuth, Anja and Kikinis, Ron and Zachmann, Gabriel and Lorenz, Mario and Reinschl\"{u}ssel, Anke},
title = {{Extended Reality for the Operating Room (XR4OR) (Dagstuhl Seminar 25062)}},
pages = {21--40},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2025},
volume = {15},
number = {2},
editor = {Haddawy, Peter and Hennemuth, Anja and Kikinis, Ron and Zachmann, Gabriel and Lorenz, Mario and Reinschl\"{u}ssel, Anke},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.15.2.21},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-230923},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.15.2.21},
annote = {Keywords: operating room, scientific roadmap}
}
Document
Dealing with Complexities in Auction and Matching Market Design (Dagstuhl Seminar 25071)
Abstract
Dagstuhl Seminar 25071 gathered an interdisciplinary group of researchers from economics, computer science, and operations research to address current challenges in auction and matching market design. These centralized allocation mechanisms - used in school admissions, kidney exchanges, refugee resettlement, power markets, and spectrum auctions - must increasingly accommodate complex real-world requirements, including multi-objective optimization, dynamic participation, and strategic behavior under uncertainty.
Cite as
Martin Bichler, Péter Biró, Tom Demeulemeester, and Bettina Klaus. Dealing with Complexities in Auction and Matching Market Design (Dagstuhl Seminar 25071). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 15, Issue 2, pp. 41-62, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)
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@Article{bichler_et_al:DagRep.15.2.41,
author = {Bichler, Martin and Bir\'{o}, P\'{e}ter and Demeulemeester, Tom and Klaus, Bettina},
title = {{Dealing with Complexities in Auction and Matching Market Design (Dagstuhl Seminar 25071)}},
pages = {41--62},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2025},
volume = {15},
number = {2},
editor = {Bichler, Martin and Bir\'{o}, P\'{e}ter and Demeulemeester, Tom and Klaus, Bettina},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.15.2.41},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-230912},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.15.2.41},
annote = {Keywords: algorithms, auctions, game theory, market design, matching markets}
}
Document
What You Hear is What You See? Integrating Sonification and Visualization (Dagstuhl Seminar 25072)
Abstract
This report summarizes the outcomes of a Dagstuhl Seminar that brought together international experts from the data visualization and data sonification communities. The seminar aimed to bridge these two fields by exploring their complementary potential in enhancing human-data interactions. Over five days, participants engaged in discussions, inspiration sessions, and presentations focused on nine key topics, including design theory, application examples, perception, interaction, and evaluation of integrated visualization and sonification. The seminar facilitated a collaborative environment in which both communities shared knowledge, identified common challenges, and began defining a novel field that combines visual and auditory data representation. The event marked a significant step towards establishing a common ground between these disciplines, with the goal of improving data analysis and presentation in an increasingly data-driven world.
Cite as
Wolfgang Aigner, Sara Lenzi, Niklas Rönnberg, Kajetan Enge, and Alexander Rind. What You Hear is What You See? Integrating Sonification and Visualization (Dagstuhl Seminar 25072). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 15, Issue 2, pp. 63-88, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)
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@Article{aigner_et_al:DagRep.15.2.63,
author = {Aigner, Wolfgang and Lenzi, Sara and R\"{o}nnberg, Niklas and Enge, Kajetan and Rind, Alexander},
title = {{What You Hear is What You See? Integrating Sonification and Visualization (Dagstuhl Seminar 25072)}},
pages = {63--88},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2025},
volume = {15},
number = {2},
editor = {Aigner, Wolfgang and Lenzi, Sara and R\"{o}nnberg, Niklas and Enge, Kajetan and Rind, Alexander},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.15.2.63},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-230908},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.15.2.63},
}
Document
Semirings in Databases, Automata, and Logic (Dagstuhl Seminar 25081)
Abstract
This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 25081 "Semirings in Databases, Automata, and Logic", which was held from February 16 to 21, 2025. The seminar focused on semirings, a class of algebraic structures with many applications in computer science, particularly in databases and automata. Semirings are used in databases to annotate tuples in the input and output relations of queries (in particular, in the case of bag semantics, using the semiring of natural numbers) allowing to model several relevant aspects of databases. In automata theory, semirings allow to define weighted automata, which have applications in natural language processing, speech recognition, and image compression. Moreover, semirings are strongly related to the algebraic semantics of many-valued logics. The seminar brought together researchers from the communities mentioned above, and it developed a research agenda for studying semirings, guided by a collection of diverse applications. This led to several new collaborations between members from different communities, including joint work for publications.
Cite as
Guillermo Badia, Manfred Droste, Phokion G. Kolaitis, Carles Noguera, Sophie Brinke, Lovro Mrkonjić, and Gaia Petreni. Semirings in Databases, Automata, and Logic (Dagstuhl Seminar 25081). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 15, Issue 2, pp. 89-109, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)
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@Article{badia_et_al:DagRep.15.2.89,
author = {Badia, Guillermo and Droste, Manfred and Kolaitis, Phokion G. and Noguera, Carles and Brinke, Sophie and Mrkonji\'{c}, Lovro and Petreni, Gaia},
title = {{Semirings in Databases, Automata, and Logic (Dagstuhl Seminar 25081)}},
pages = {89--109},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2025},
volume = {15},
number = {2},
editor = {Badia, Guillermo and Droste, Manfred and Kolaitis, Phokion G. and Noguera, Carles and Brinke, Sophie and Mrkonji\'{c}, Lovro and Petreni, Gaia},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.15.2.89},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-230893},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.15.2.89},
annote = {Keywords: databases, finite model theory, multi-valued logic, provenance, semirings, weighted automata, weighted logic}
}
Document
Visualizing Data on Non-Flat, Non-Rectangular Displays (Dagstuhl Seminar 25082)
Abstract
Experiences with data, visualization, and computing more broadly are mediated via flat, rectangular displays. However, an exciting range of new display technologies, including flexible, spherical, physical, and even robotic and drone-based displays, have recently emerged and are increasingly commercially available. These novel types of displays offer new ways to represent, explore, communicate, and share data, yet there is very little understanding of how to best utilize these novel form factors for data visualizations. This Dagstuhl Seminar aimed to escape from the display flatland that characterizes research in visualization, and to create a roadmap for future research on interactive non-flat displays. Bringing together researchers from data visualization, human-computer interaction, ubiquitous computing, tangible interaction, mobile and wearable technologies, and design, we surveyed the landscape of emerging technologies, ideated future opportunities for visualization on non-flat displays, and outlined a common research agenda for this emerging area.
Cite as
Anastasia Bezerianos, Raimund Dachselt, Wesley J. Willett, and Ricardo Langner. Visualizing Data on Non-Flat, Non-Rectangular Displays (Dagstuhl Seminar 25082). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 15, Issue 2, pp. 110-125, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)
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@Article{bezerianos_et_al:DagRep.15.2.110,
author = {Bezerianos, Anastasia and Dachselt, Raimund and Willett, Wesley J. and Langner, Ricardo},
title = {{Visualizing Data on Non-Flat, Non-Rectangular Displays (Dagstuhl Seminar 25082)}},
pages = {110--125},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2025},
volume = {15},
number = {2},
editor = {Bezerianos, Anastasia and Dachselt, Raimund and Willett, Wesley J. and Langner, Ricardo},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.15.2.110},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-230886},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.15.2.110},
annote = {Keywords: data visualization, design and evaluation, human-computer interaction, non-flat non-rectangular displays, visualizations beyond the desktop}
}
Document
Tradeoffs in Reactive Systems Design (Dagstuhl Seminar 25091)
Abstract
Reactive systems - software systems that continuously interact with their physical or digital environment - are central to safety-critical domains such as autonomous vehicles, industrial automation, and medical devices. These systems face inherent design tensions: the need to be predictable yet adaptable, timely yet accurate, consistent yet available, and secure yet accessible. Addressing one requirement often undermines another, revealing tradeoffs that are not merely engineering challenges but fundamental limits. This seminar aimed to confront these tradeoffs directly, drawing on insights from real-time systems, distributed computing, formal methods, machine learning, and security. By exploring case studies, formal frameworks, and practical tools, we made progress in the understanding of how to make design decisions when no single solution satisfies all competing goals. Interactive sessions and demos gave participants a tangible sense of the costs and compromises involved. With all this, we achieved the seminar’s goal, namely, to cultivate a shared understanding of how to navigate the complex design space of reactive systems and chart paths toward more robust and principled solutions.
Cite as
Jerónimo Castrillón-Mazo, Chadlia Jerad, Edward A. Lee, Claire Pagetti, and Shaokai Jerry Lin. Tradeoffs in Reactive Systems Design (Dagstuhl Seminar 25091). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 15, Issue 2, pp. 126-157, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)
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@Article{castrillonmazo_et_al:DagRep.15.2.126,
author = {Castrill\'{o}n-Mazo, Jer\'{o}nimo and Jerad, Chadlia and Lee, Edward A. and Pagetti, Claire and Lin, Shaokai Jerry},
title = {{Tradeoffs in Reactive Systems Design (Dagstuhl Seminar 25091)}},
pages = {126--157},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2025},
volume = {15},
number = {2},
editor = {Castrill\'{o}n-Mazo, Jer\'{o}nimo and Jerad, Chadlia and Lee, Edward A. and Pagetti, Claire and Lin, Shaokai Jerry},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.15.2.126},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-230878},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.15.2.126},
annote = {Keywords: reactive systems, cyber-physical systems, design tradeoffs, real-time systems, distributed computing, predictability, adaptability, timeliness, accuracy, consistency, availability, security, accessibility, machine learning, formal methods, system design, embedded systems, safety-critical systems, tool support, programming models, runtime verification}
}
Document
Estimation-of-Distribution Algorithms: Theory and Applications (Dagstuhl Seminar 25092)
Abstract
The Dagstuhl Seminar 25092 "Estimation-of-Distribution Algorithms: Theory and Practice" took place on February 23-28, 2025. It brought together 25 international experts in estimation-of-distribution algorithms (EDAs) and related research areas. Their research focus ranged from theoretical aspects like mathematical runtime analyses to efficient solutions of real-world problems in industrial contexts. This report documents the program and the main outcomes of this fruitful seminar.
Cite as
Josu Ceberio Uribe, Benjamin Doerr, John McCall, Carsten Witt, and Marcus Schmidbauer. Estimation-of-Distribution Algorithms: Theory and Applications (Dagstuhl Seminar 25092). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 15, Issue 2, pp. 158-183, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)
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@Article{ceberiouribe_et_al:DagRep.15.2.158,
author = {Ceberio Uribe, Josu and Doerr, Benjamin and McCall, John and Witt, Carsten and Schmidbauer, Marcus},
title = {{Estimation-of-Distribution Algorithms: Theory and Applications (Dagstuhl Seminar 25092)}},
pages = {158--183},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2025},
volume = {15},
number = {2},
editor = {Ceberio Uribe, Josu and Doerr, Benjamin and McCall, John and Witt, Carsten and Schmidbauer, Marcus},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.15.2.158},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-230864},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.15.2.158},
annote = {Keywords: estimation-of-distribution algorithms, heuristic search and optimization, machine learning, probabilistic model building}
}